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Review
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Immunological and
molecular diagnostic methods for detection of viruses
infecting cowpea (Vigna unquiculata)
Akinjogunla, O. J.1* Taiwo, M. A.1
and Kareem, K. T.2
1Department
of Botany and Microbiology, University of Lagos, Akoka,
Lagos, Nigeria.
2Department
of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun
State, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
papajyde2000@yahoo.com. Tel: +2348064069404.
Accepted
21 March, 2007 |
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Abstract |
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Cowpea viruses are difficult to identify using morphological
criteria which can be time consuming, challenging, and
require extensive knowledge in taxonomy. In order to improve
the quality and quantity of the germplasms and to
significantly reduce the infection and transmission of virus
to different cultivars of cowpea, proper diagnosis and
control is essential. The immuno-diagnostic and
molecular-diagnostic methods have shown great potential as
far as specificity and sensitivity are concerned and can
generate accurate results rapidly. The aim of this overview
is to discuss the various immuno-diagnostic and molecular
diagnostic methods such as enzymes linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA), immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM),
polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nucleic acid hybridization,
dot immunoblotting assay (DTBIA) found suitable for
diagnosis of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV),
Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Cowpea mottle virus (CMeV)
infecting cowpea. These techniques do not only provide
information for epidemiological purposes, but also help to
develop disease free stock of cowpeas. Therefore, these
various techniques with symptoms and history are of immense
value to diagnose cowpea viruses and are the cornerstone of
the management of cowpea cultivars.
Key
words:
Immuno-diagnostic, molecular-diagnostic, Vigna
Unquiculata, Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus, Cowpea
mottle virus and Cucumber mosaic virus. |
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