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Full Length Research Paper
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Evaluation
of the chemical constituents and the antimicrobial activity
of the volatile oil of Citrus reticulata fruit
(Tangerine fruit peel) from South West Nigeria
G.A. Ayoola1*,
O. O. Johnson1,
T.
Adelowotan2, I. E. Aibinu2, E.
Adenipekun2, A.A. Adepoju-Bello1, H.
A. B. Coker1 and T.O. Odugbemi2
1Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Lagos, CMUL
campus, Lagos, Nigeria.
2Depatment
of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of
Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.
*Corresponding author. E-mail:
oyetayo68@yahoo.com.
Tel: +234-8055465428, +23418771985.
Accepted 16 June, 2008 |
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Abstract |
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The volatile oil of tangerine fruit (Citrus reticulata)
was extracted by steam distillation and assessed for
antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The volatile oil was
tested against some Gram-negative organisms (Escherichia
coli ATCC 35218, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella paratyphi, Proteus
mirabilis and Citrobacter spp);
Gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus
ATCC 25923, S. aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and a
fungus (Candida albicans). The
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined with
concentrations of oil extract ranging from 0.87 to 445
mg/ml. Result of the study showed that the oil has a broad
spectrum antibacterial activity. MIC recorded were S.
aureus (0.74 mg/ml), S. aureus ATTC 25923 (2.46
mg/ml), E. faecalis (1.26 mg/ml), S. typhi
(2.07 mg/ml), K. pneumoniae (0.56 mg/ml), E. coli
ATTC 35218 (0.19 mg/ml), E. coli (1.95 mg/ml),
P. aeruginosa (0.97 mg/ml), C. albicans (0.68
mg/ml). Antioxidant screening with
2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was negative. Analysis
of the chemical constituent by GC-MS showed the presence of
D-limonene as the major constituent. Other constituents
found were
a-pinene
and
b-pinene.
Key words:
Citrus reticulata,
antimicrobial, antifungal, gas chromatography, mass
spectrometry.
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