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Malaria is one among four main infectious diseases leading in death for the under-five children in Africa. This study aim to determine prevalence of malaria and social demographic factors related with children under-five in Tanzania. The study used cross section data extracted from Tanzania demographic health survey collected from 2015 to 2016. A sample of 9,322 under five children with malaria rapid diagnostic test...
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Nutritional status of children has been associated with disease conditions leading to morbidity and mortality. This hospital bases study assessed the relationship between nutritional status and malaria among under-five children in Owerri municipality South Eastern Nigeria. Nutritional status, Malaria status, Haemoglobin level, Serum Iron and Temperature were respectively measured by Z-score, Rapid Diagnostic Test, Hemocue...
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Hepatitis B infection (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem worldwide and its co-infection with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is common due to shared routes of transmission. An increased mortality due to accelerated hepatic disease progression and the frequent hepatotoxicity caused by antiretroviral therapy are the challenges in the clinical management of HIV. Epidemiological studies on HBV and HBV/HIV...
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Pre-marital sex is a penetrative vaginal or anal sexual intercourse performed before formal marriage in younger population. Moreover, these population groups are less likely than adults to have the information, skills and support to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS and other consequences of premarital sex. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pre-marital sexual practice and its associated factors among...
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Patient Expectation: A Concept Analysis
Purpose: The aim of this concept analysis is to clarify the concept of patient expectation in hospital health care setting. Method: Rodgers evolutionary method of concept analysis was used to the analysis of the concept patient expectation. For inclusion criteria, searches were set to any article produced, in English, since January 2009 to December 2013 in Pubmed/MEDLINE, Google and Google Scholar. A final total of 10...
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Zoonoses are infections that are naturally transmitted from vertebrate animals to human beings and vice-versa. A questionnaire-based survey of animal health workers (n=72) and human health workers (n=72) was carried out between the periods of January 2013 to September 2014 in Jimma zone, South West Ethiopia with the intentions to assess perception of zoonoses and risks relating to zoonotic infections among animal health...
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Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the primary public health problems in developing countries. HIV/AIDS, poverty, under nutrition, over-crowded living conditions and lack of knowledge about the disease have been known to increase the risk of spreading the bacteria and the risk of developing the disease. This study was aimed to assess communities’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards TB at selected districts of Eastern...
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Back ground Objective: a retrospective -cross sectional study was conducted to determine and compare the five years distribution of ABO and rhesus blood groups in Jimma Town blood bank Method and materials: a retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to determine the distribution of the type of blood groups of blood donors registered in Jimma Zone blood bank. A check list was used to collect secondary data of each...
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Background: In response to the high occurrence of diarrhea in Ethiopia, the federal ministry of health employed an effective strategy that included administration of zinc tablet together with oral rehydration salt to treat children suffered diarrhea since 2013. Nonetheless, information on zinc bundled with ORS uptake is limited and thus this study has examined zinc utilization among beneficiaries. Methods: A community...
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Mental Health Status of Students Attending Tertiary Institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
National health policies that take into cognizance the interventions against the menace of students’ ill health in Nigeria are limited. This study investigated the health status of students in tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State. A descriptive study design was adopted to randomly select four tertiary institutions out of six. Two hundred students were randomly selected from the four schools; fifty from each school. A...
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The study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 in 12 kebeles (the smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia) of Kombolcha, Southern Wollo Amhara Regional state, Ethiopia. The aims of the study were assessing the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of Kombolcha’s community toward rabies and associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study design and multistage sampling procedures were employed to select...
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Heart failure is a complex, clinical syndrome of signs and symptoms that are caused by defects in cardiac structure, function, or both, resulting in impairment of peripheral circulation and organ oxygenation. It is a staggering clinical and public health problem and the study of the epidemiology on heart failure demonstrated that heart failure is associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and health care...
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Chlamydia trachomatis is a major causative agent of sexually transmitted disease (STD), which can damage a woman’s reproductive organs. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was investigated among 200 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in three hospitals located within Kaduna Metropolis, North-Central, Nigeria. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique was performed to detect chlamydia antibodies. The...
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Background:-Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, responsible for ill health among millions of people each year. It is the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide following human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Tuberculosis control measures are limited by the quality of care provided at the local level .Providing a quality and timely care for patients with Tuberculosis is crucial...
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Background: Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophyte infection in school age children in developing countries and is known to impact negatively on their health and well-being. This study determined the prevalence of Tinea Capitis and its relationship with hygiene among primary school pupils in Ile-Ife. Method: This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited randomly selected pupils from public and private schools...
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The study isolated and characterized clinical and non-clinical S. aureus strains in Ile-Ife, Nigeria using phenotypic and molecular methods. Eight hundred and fifty samples of different cultures were taken from clinical and non- clinical sources. The clinical sources were the routine specimens of wound swabs, urine, stool, blood and sputum from the Department of Microbiology and Parasitology laboratory of the Obafemi...
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Comparative Efficiency of Health Care Provision in Kenya and Tanzania
Efficient health care provision is one of the key pillars of the millennium development goal in Kenya and Tanzania. This paper compares the efficiency of health care provision in Kenya and Tanzania between 1970-2012 using annual expenditure data and selected health care outcomes. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to establish the level of efficiency in the two countries. The paper reports that health care is provided...
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Globally, sepsis is still one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates, in spite of recent advances in health care system. The major burden of neonatal sepsis occurs in developing world, but most evidence is derived from developed countries. Hospital based prospective cross sectional study was conducted from April 2016 to May 2017. Neonates with clinical sepsis using inclusion criteria were included in...
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The scope of the occupational health (OH) program in Ghana has steadily evolved and improved especially among private companies. The study assessed the impact of occupational health programme in Gold Fields Ghana (GFG) Limited which deployed a descriptive cross-sectional study. One hundred mine workers were selected as respondents to answer various questions on occupational health through simple random technique as well as...
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CHALLENGES OF THE STATE CUSTODIANSHIP ON ORPHANS UNDER INS TITUTIONAL CARE: INSIGHTS FROM GHANA
The diminishing provision of services by the state, compelled with the escalating numbers of orphans and vulnerable children in Ghana, represent a crucial concern for both national and international organizations. In spite of this, little cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have been conducted to empirically identify the challenges faced by orphanages and homes. Using a qualitative case study approach, we investigated...
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Respiratory symptoms are frequently manifested among solid waste collectors. They are suffering from respiratory diseases because of frequent exposure to waste materials containing pathogenic materials and chemicals hazards for human being. Cross-sectional study was carried out to assess prevalence of respiratory symptoms and associated factors among solid waste workers in in Yeka sub city, Addis Ababa from March to April,...
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The Health Service Extension Program was introduced in Ethiopia in 2002. The overall policy implementation of the program was focused on simply increasing the number of latrines constructed. However, the implementation status of the program and change in Hygiene and Sanitation behavior of households was not explored much.
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Contraceptives are devices employed to prevent pregnancy. Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy. The use of birth control and proper Planning is called family planning. The objectives of study were to determine the types of contraceptive device employed by women aged 18-45 years, educational levels, occupations, and the influence of religion towards...
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Objective To extrapolate an integrated natural history model that predicts longitudinal changes in metabolic risk factors into older age using the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Method Growth curve modelling was employed to estimate trajectories for multiple metabolic risk factors from the ELSA dataset, allowing for random variation between individuals. The ELSA models relate age trends in BMI, systolic...
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General bone problems and Backaches is as old as man on earth and it use to be associated with old age. But bone related problems nowadays are more of accident causation globally. The competition occurring between the traditional and Orthopedics hospital on patients with bone related problems call for harmonization in the furtherance of the “health for all” goal of MDG, hence the emergence of the name ‘Tradomedical’. This...
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HEALTH POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND POPULATION HEALTH: NIGERIA IN PERSPECTIVE.
Health policy development in an appropriate cultural context under social justice with full community awareness and participation is the key to achieving a successful population health outcome. This descriptive study reviewed Nigeria’s health policy, social determinants of the population health, the role of inequality and inequity in her life expectancy and the need for developing an acceptable culturally- appropriate...
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable chronic lung ailment characterized by pulmonary or/and systemic effects that usually not fully reversible upon treatments. COPD induced cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) as systemic effects are reflected in impairments of cardiovascular parameters (CVP) that are diagnosed by different invasive and non invasive methods. The non-invasive methods were...
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Maternal satisfaction is a means of evaluating quality of maternal health care given in health facilities. The objective was to assess the level of maternal satisfaction and associated factors at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital. Cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 clients by systematic sampling method from February 8, 2017 to September 25, 2017. Structured questionnaire that was prepared by Ethiopian...
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Factors associated with sputum conversion in a multinational population of tuberculosis patients
Various factors had been related with sputum conversion in tuberculosis patients, which constituted an essential indicator of the effectiveness of treatment and the infectivity of patients. The study evaluates the factors related with smear sputum conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis was performed from January 2013 to September 2016 in Cuban...
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Primary insomnia is subtype of primary sleep disorder that affects a large percentage of general population. The true prevalence of the problem is not well known in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of primary Insomnia among adults in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected sample of 422 adults using validated and...
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