3D Geometrical-Stochastical Modeling of Rock mass joint networks: Case study of the Right Bank of Rudbar Lorestan Dam plant
January 2015
Nowadays, modeling is increasingly used as a method for determination of the mechanical and hydraulic behavior of the rock mass. In this paper, with regard to the high importance of joint persistence characteristic on the mechanical and hydraulic behavior of the rock mass, geometric-stochastic joint network model has been developed by considering the statistical characteristics of joint size based on Veneziano model....
Relationship of individual and work related factors with obstructive type lung function disorder of underground coal miners: A spirometry study
September 2014
In this study, an attempt is made to correlate the presence or absence of FEV1 < 80% predicted as measured by spirometry, with a number of individual and work related factors. This is a cross-sectional study involving 341 workers of an underground coal mine situated in the southern part of India. The data used in this investigation were collected from the Periodical Medical Examination (PME) center of the case study...
Development rock behavior index around underground space using a rock engineering system
July 2014
This paper describes the application of rock behavior index (RBI) based on the rock engineering systems (RES) to assess the rock behavior around underground spaces. There are many geological parameters that affect the rock behavior around these structures. The most effective parameters taken into account in this paper are: uniaxial compressive strength, rock quality designation (RQD), joint surface condition, joint...
Ranking of coal seams for underground coal gasification (UCG) in Mazino coal deposit, Tabas coal field, Iran
April 2014
The underground coal gasification (UCG) has a potential for converting the world’s coal resources into energy, liquid fuels and chemicals. The UCG process involves the injection of steam and air or oxygen into an underground coal seam and igniting and burning of coal in-situ to produce the combustible gas. Previous studies showed that many criteria affect site selection of UCG. The criteria include coal seam...
Mafic and ultramafic rocks in parts of the Bhavani complex, Tamil Nadu, Southern India: Geochemistry constraints
March 2014
Present paper deals with the petrogenesis of gabbros and pyroxenites of Bhavani complex, Tamil Nadu, Southern India. Studied gabbros are mainly composed of pyroxenes with minor plagioclase (An10-30) and amphibole minerals. Pyroxenites are composed of coarse-grained clinopyroxenes, orthopyroxenes and medium-grained hornblende minerals. Geochemically, in the total alkali vs. SiO2 diagram studied samples are...
Recent uranium mobilization and radioactivity of metamorphosed sandstones at Sikait area, South Eastern desert of Egypt
March 2014
The metamorphosed sandstones exposures occur in two locations in Wadi Sikait. The exposed rocks in this area are ophiolitic mélange, metamorphosed sandstones, porphrytic granites invaded by post-granite dykes (lamprophyres) and quartz-fluorite veins. The uranium contents measured radiometrically range from 3 to 41.97 ppm, with an average of 12 ppm, while the chemically measured are in the range from 20 to 100 ppm...
X-ray fluorescence: An accessible and effective technique for evaluation of hazards and economic potential associated with important mineral deposits in Nigeria
January 2014
X-ray fluorescence (XRF) was evaluated as a technique that can facilitate identification of potential environmental hazards associated with mining and ore processing as well as provide quantitative evaluation of the economic potential intrinsic to a mineral deposit. Four different geological samples were analyzed using energy dispersive XRF to demonstrate the utility of the technique. The samples were obtained from...
Hydrochemical assessment of groundwater quality in the Chad Basin around Maiduguri, Nigeria
January 2014
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of anthropogenic and natural sources of contamination on the groundwater quality of the upper unconfined aquifer system of the Chad Basin around Maiduguri. This has been determined by obtaining a total of 20 groundwater samples over a 4 months period in 2 different sites (Moduganari and Gwange) in Maiduguri. Groundwater samples were analysed for pH, EC, TDS,...
Seismic refraction study of Gurara dam phase II, northwestern Nigeria
December 2013
Seismic refraction study has been carried out on Gurara Dam Phase II proposed axis with the aim of determining its feasibility for the founding of a dam. The field techniques involved off-end/reverse and split spread shootings on five profiles. The study site is situated on the Precambrian Crystalline Basement Complex rocks of North Central Nigeria. Velocity values obtained from the shots vary between 183 ms-1 in...
Structural controls of Pb-Zn mineralization of Enyigba district, Abakaliki, Southeastern Nigeria
December 2013
The lead-zinc deposit of Enyigba and its environs are localized in the cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Albian Asu River Group in the Lower Benue Trough, Southeastern Nigeria. The Albian Asu River Group is made up of shale, siltstone, sandstone and limestone. The deposits were formed epigenetically through the crystallization of hydrothermal solutions and are localized within the fractures, hence the need to study...
Ocellar lamprophyre dyke bearing mineralization, Wadi Nugrus, Eastern Desert, Egypt: Geology, mineralogy and geochemical implications
September 2013
Ocellar lamprophyre dyke (ENE-WSW) is recorded at Wadi Nugrus, Eastern Desert, Egypt. It cuts across porphyritic biotite granites and varies in thickness from 0.5 to 1.5 m and up to 3 km in length. The lamprophyre dyke is altered and it is characterized by porphyritic and panidiomorphic textures with plagioclase, olivine and augite, constituting the porphyritic phase in a fine groundmass of the same...
Optimizing monitoring network of water table by geostatistical methods
September 2013
Data collection of alluvium aquifers is done by using quality-quantity networks because of their spread and continuity.In designing such a network, it is necessary to pay attention on distribution of variables all over the aquifer so that variables represent whole of aquifer correctly. This happens when the network is able to predict the affects of climatical, natural etc parameters on the aquifers. Besides it should...
A study of subsurface geological structure of Sumaje village, Nigeria
September 2013
In this study, ground magnetic survey of Sumaje Village, Ogo Oluwa area of Oyo State, Nigeria using high resolution proton-precession geometric magnetometer model G-856AX measures total components of the ground magnetic. The field data was qualitatively and quantitatively interpreted. Profile 1 has the highest amplitude of 18.2 nT and profile 2 has the highest width of 32 m. The depth to the...
Structural failure investigation using electrical resistivity method: A case study of Amafor Ihuokpala, Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria
August 2013
An electrical resistivity investigation was carried out within the vicinity of some failed building structures at Amafor Ihuokpala through Agbani, Enugu, Southeastern Nigeria. The aim of the survey was to determine the causes of the failure of the structures. Resistivity data were acquired by using PASI (16GL) digital earth resistivity meter. Interpretation of the vertical electrical sounding results...
Chromite composition as evidence of metamorphism in komatiites, greenstone belt, Mozambique
August 2013
Archaean komatiites of the greenstone belt in Manica area, western Mozambique contains accessory amount of disseminated chromite grains. The komatiite rocks comprise peridotitic and basaltic komtiite. These komatiites are affected by regional metamorphism as all of the studied area. It is observed that only chromian spinel is preserved as the primary mineral and that all the other primary minerals in the...
Processing and interpretation of 2d land seismic reflection survey over bishop wood Yorkshire, England
July 2013
A seismic reflection survey was carried out in Bishop Wood, Yorkshire to determine the subsurface structure and the depth to the prospective gypsum and coal measures. Four 24-channel Geodes were used with a PEG40 accelerated weight drop and 10 Hz geophones at 3 m intervals to shot a 1099 m spread. The final depth processed section shows some reflectors which are clearly visible and is geologically...
Field and petrographic characterization of some building, ornamental and industrial raw materials of the Tertiary sedimentary succession of Haddat Ash Sham Area, West Central Arabian shield, Saudi Arabia
July 2013
The present study has dealt with the field and microscopic description of different building, industrial and ornamental stones of the Tertiary sedimentary succession of Haddat Ash Sham area, Saudi Arabia. The described building and ornamental stones includes: quartz pebble conglomerates, sandstones, limestones, dolostones and clays. The stratigraphic setting, mega and microscopic description of the different...
Hydrogeophysical investigation in selected parts of Irepodun/Ifelodun local government area of Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria
July 2013
Hydrogeophysical studies have been undertaken at Irepodun/Ifelodun local government area of Ekiti State, Nigeria. The area is underlain by the Basement Complex rocks. The study involved very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity methods. The results are presented as profiles, sections, curves, charts and maps. VLF-EM anomalies were evaluated using geoelectric soundings. Geoelectric...
Superheated steam injection in North КенкиÑк shallow heavy oil reservoir
June 2013
This paper presents an integrated study on the superheated steam injection in the North КенкиÑк Field, Kazakhstan. The methodologies cover investigation of mechanisms of superheated steam in recovery, lab experiment, and numerical simulation. The study indicates that the injection of superheated steam can cause rock wettability conversion which is favorable to recovery. The higher the heat enthalpy,...
Application of the mobile metal ion geochemical technique in the location of buried gold mineralization in Essase Concession, Eastern Region, Ghana
June 2013
The principle of mobile metal ion geochemistry analysis for soil samples taken from Essase Concession in Nkawkaw of the Eastern Region Ghana, during geochemical survey had accurately and sharply delineated target gold mineralization. Observations suggested that preferentially most metals (Ni, Zn, Pb, Cu, and As) including gold (Au) were located in the top 22 cm of the profile below the interface giving...
Processing of an offshore new zealand complex tectonic environment taranaki basin, 2d seismic line
June 2013
Norpac International crew #503 acquired 22.7 km of seismic line off the West coast of New Zealand’s North Island in the Taranaki basin for New Zealand Oil and Gas industry in order to evaluate the subsurface stratigraphy of the basin. The seismic line trends east-west crosses the Taranaki Fault, a basement overthrust that forms the eastern boundary of the Taranaki basin, New Zealand’s most...
Analysis of orientation of maximum horizontal tensional stress (sHmax) of the Gondwana Barapukuria coal basin, NW Bangladesh: by means of finite element modeling
May 2013
This paper uses two-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) numerical modeling to analyze the orientation of maximum horizontal tensional stress of the Barapukuria coal basin in Bangladesh. An elastic plane stress model incorporating elastic rock physical properties for the coal basin area was used consisting of 2916 elements with a network of 1540 nodes. The stress field at any point of the model is assumed...
Unsteady equation for free recharge in a confined aquifer
May 2013
Slug test solutions require instantaneous water column in the recharge well, and it consider well storage and well loss not appropriate for recharge cases. State of the art suggests recharge hydraulics, a phenomenon synonymous to mirror image of well pumping. In this background, the present paper derives fresh semi-analytical equations for confined aquifer, which simultaneously determine unsteady recharge...
Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic studies of lavas of Mt. Oku volcano, North West Cameroon: A case involving HIMU, depleted and enriched mantle sources
May 2013
Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic studies have been carried out on the lavas of Mt. Oku, the central part of the continental sector of the Cameroon volcanic line (CVL). The lavas define a considerable range of Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions characterized by 143Nd/144Nd = 0.512626 – 0.512937,87Sr/86Sr = 0.699411 - 0.704279 and more radiogenic isotopic ratios 206Pb/204Pb = 18.3800 –...
Geochemical modeling of uranium speciation in the subsurface aquatic environment of Punjab State in India
May 2013
Instrumentation for in-situ foundation investigation in Lagos, South West (SW) Nigeria
April 2013
In areas underlain by stratified rocks, it is difficult to obtain undisturbed samples at depth for satisfactory geotechnical results when analysed in the laboratory. Considering the complexity of its subsurface geology, a study on in-situ geotechnical exploration tool for foundation investigation in Lagos was conducted. Layer apparent resistivity (ra) was measured with ABEM SAS 300 Terrameter using...
Tunnels stability analysis using binary and multinomial logistic regression (LR)
April 2013
One of the most serious problems in tunneling projects are falling rock blocks. By considering this fact, the importance of stability predicting using some input parameters can be obviously understood. Among the existing rock mass classification systems for underground structures, rock mass rating (RMR) and Q are probably the most widely used ones this is rather unlikely to change, at least in the near...
Fluid inclusions and mineral chemistry of some detrital heavy minerals of alluvium sediments from Meluli-Namuhuca area, Mozambique
March 2013
Geochemistry and fluid inclusions studies were carried out on garnet and beryl from Quaternary alluvium deposits of Meluli-Namuhuca area, Mozambique. Garnet occurs as euhedral large crystals and is commonly brownish red, with a moderate brown hue in transmitted light. Apatite and ilmenite are the common inclusions. Geochemically, garnet is characterized by nearly homogenous chemical composition with...
Suitability of soils as bearing media at a freshwater swamp terrain in the Niger Delta
March 2013
This study evaluates the subsurface lithologies as well as examines the properties of the soils at a University location within the fresh water swamp terrain in the Niger Delta. Borings for subsurface exploration in the area were made at five well spaced locations with a hand auger to a maximum depth of 4.00 m in each borehole. Soil samples were retrieved at 0.5 m interval and at positions where changes in...
Geological and geophysical mapping of fracture anisotropy at Aiyegunle and environs, Igarra area South western Nigeria
March 2013
Characterization of fracture anisotropy in Aiyegunle area of Igarra Southwestern Nigeria was done by geologic mapping of exposed outcrops and azimuthal resistivity survey (ARS) at three vertical electrical sounding (VES) stations. Rose diagrams, stereographic projections, and resistivity anisotropy polygons were used to delineate and integrate surface and subsurface structural trend. Dominant joints...
Preliminary interpretation of gravity mapping over the Njaba sub-basin of southeastern Nigeria: An implication to petroleum potential
March 2013
Gravity data were acquired along two profiles in some parts of the Njaba River sub-basin. Profile A-A’ and B-B’ run for about 30 and 12 km respectively with the end of the two profiles meeting at Oguta Lake. The Bouguer gravity anomaly along Profile A-A’ revealed initial positive gravity values to a wavelength of about 21 km and then followed by a sudden drop of the observed gravity showing...
Alteration of σ3 field during the evolution of a polycyclic basement complex
February 2013
The polycyclic nature of the Migmatized gneiss basement complex of South-western Nigeria is depicted by several tectonic imprints oriented in different manner; such setting is characterized by temporal adjustment of the minimum stress field. Attitude (strike and dip), length, width, average perpendicular distance and aspect ratios were taken for foliations, joints, veins, intrusions and boudinages. These...
Interpretation of aeromagnetic anomalies and electrical resistivity mapping around Iwaraja area Southwestern Nigeria
February 2013
Aeromagnetic, ground magnetic and vertical electrical sounding (VES) methods were used to delineate the basement structures around Iwaraja area, southwestern Nigeria. In doing this, an aeromagnetic sheet 264 of the Geological Survey of Nigeria (GSN) and digitized aeromagnetic map from Nigeria Geological Survey Agency (NGSA, 2008) were interpreted. Also sixteen ground magnetic profiling were carried out,...
Chronological development in coal pillar design for bord and pillar workings: A critical appraisal
January 2013
In this study, proper design of coal pillar has ever remained a difficult and challenging task because of two conflicting objectives, namely the conservation of coal on one hand that requires coal pillars to be of minimum size and stability of pillars, and on the other hand that ensures safety of working. The complex loading conditions, the occurrence of seams in close succession and geological abnormalities...
Performance simulaton of surface miners with varied machine parameters and rock conditions: Some investigations
January 2013
Application of surface miners is gaining popularity in different surface mines of India due to the wide range of advantages offered by them. More than 100 surface miners are operating in India in different coal, limestone and bauxite mines today. For new start-ups, however, it is imperative to select appropriate specifications of surface miner considering the rock/rockmass properties for a given production...
Geology and tectono-sedimentary disposition of the Bima sandstone of the Upper Benue Trough (Nigeria): Implications for sandstone-hosted Uranium deposits
December 2012
The Bima sandstone is the oldest, thickest, and most extensive formation in the Upper Benue Trough, located in north-eastern Nigeria, and it is included in a region known for its Uranium mineralisation. The sandstone has been subdivided into three siliciclastic members: B1, B2, and B3. Sedimentological and structural factors necessary for uranium precipitation are recognised within the members. B1 consists of...
Geological control of geomorphologic units in the Southwest (SW) Cameroon (Central Africa)
December 2012
Evaluating optimal well placement in horizontal drilling using geosteering: A case study of Agbada Field, Niger Delta
November 2012
This study focuses on the use of geosteering technology in the optimal placement of wellbore path in Agbada 61 reservoir formation, where geological or subsurface target is far less than 100 m and where conventional approach could not be applicable. This was achieved by the formulation of a predrilled formation model from existing nearby or offset well by invertion of the resistivity log use in Agbada well...
A geographic information system (GIS)-based modified erosion potential method (EPM) model for evaluation of sediment production
November 2012
This research is aimed to modify erosion potential method (EPM) so that its dependency reduces to engineering judgment as well as broadly watershed visit by applying geographic information System (GIS). This study was carried out within acceptance of existing structure and framework of EPM model. In EPM model, the sediment production is evaluated in terms of four parameters including soil and rock resistance to erosion,...
An application of 2D electrical resistivity tomography in geotechnical investigations of foundation defects: A case study
November 2012
The high spate of differential settling and/or sudden collapse of buildings in Lagos has necessitated a holistic approach to foundation investigation prior to the erection of such structures as a panacea to environmental and engineering tragedy of our time, which we try to address in this work. In this paper, a 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and geotechnical investigation were carried out at Ogudu...
Uranium mineralizations of Wadi Sikait mylonites, Southeastern Desert, Egypt
August 2012
This article deals with mineralizations and spectrometric study as well as geology and geochemistry of the late Pan-African cataclastic rocks (mylonites) of Wadi Sikait area. The area is composed of metagabbros, ophiolitic mélange, metasediments, mylonitic rocks, porphyritic biotite granites, leucogranites and lamprophyre dykes. The mineralogical study of the mylonitic samples revealed the presence of...
Combination of geological mapping and geophysical surveys for surface-subsurface structures imaging in Mini-Campus and Methodist Ago-Iwoye NE Areas, Southwestern Nigeria
August 2012
Electrical resistivity imaging and geological mapping were used to study the geology and delineate geologic structures at the Northeastern part of Ago Iwoye, Southwestern Nigeria. Two areas which include Mini-Campus Olabisi Onabanjo University (MCOOU) and Methodist Comprehensive High School (MCHS), Ago-Iwoye were studied. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey with Wenner configuration was done to...
Acoustic velocity properties of Danian limestone section exposed at the Curfs quarry, Southeastern Netherlands
May 2012
In order to establish the relationship existing between the seismic velocity and petrophysical properties of limestone, ultrasonic pulse transmission technique under simulated pressure of 2.5 to 10 Mpa and at a frequency of 300 to 800 kHz was used in the determination of both compressional-wave and shear- wave velocities. The measurements were carried out for both dry and fluid saturated limestone obtained...
Geological and environmental issues of the proposed link canal (Inchampalli to Nagarjunasagar) of Godavari to Krishna Rivers adopting remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS)
May 2012
Extremely erratic rainfall, unevenly distributed and very heavy precipitation in short time resulting in flash floods and inundation in India became a usual phenomena in recent years. At every event, a huge quantity of water is being wasted into the sea as run-off quite frequently due to inadequate harvesting structures. This huge run-off / surplus water can be harvested through the proposed linking of river...
Geochemistry of phosphorite deposits around Hirapur-Mardeora area in Chhatarpur and Sagar Districts, Madhya Pradesh, India
April 2012
The Hirapur-Mardeora phosphorite deposits are found to occur in Bijawar group of Gangau iron formations over the basement of Bundelkhand granite complex in the Archean period. There are four distinct units of phosphorites which include shale-phosphorite, secondary-phosphorite, ironstone-phosphorite and quartz-breccia phosphorite. Chemical analysis of 24 representative samples of these different units was...
Study of fractured rock masses deformation in Boukhadra (Tebessa) underground mine empirical and numerical approach (N-E Algeria)
March 2012
The purpose of this paper is to assess the engineering geological characteristics of Boukhadra’s iron mine rock mass. Several problems of deformation and stability were frequently encountered during the progress of the exploitation. This phenomenon affects seriously the safety of the miners and the progress of the work. In this research project, we try to estimate the behavior of the host rock mass, its...
Vertical electrical sounding (VES) methods to delineate potential groundwater aquifers in Akobo area, Ibadan, South-western, Nigeria
March 2012
Vertical electrical resistivity soundings were conducted in order to delineate groundwater potential aquifers in Akobo area, Ibadan, South western, Nigeria. Twenty-one vertical electrical soundings were conducted using the Schlumberger configuration, covering the area. The data were interpreted with the help of Abaque (master) curve. The geoelectrical sections for the study area were: the topsoil, the clayey...
Rehabilitation of artisanal gold mining land in West Lombok, Indonesia: Characterization of overburden and the surrounding soils
January 2012
This study was carried out to characterize the overburden materials and soil properties of artisanal mining at Sekotong, West Lombok, Indonesia to suggest an appropriate rehabilitation technology. The results of the study showed that the properties of overburden materials from Sekotong artisanal mining has a relative neutral acidity (pH about 6.4), however, with time together with the formation of...
Application of characteristics method for flood routing (Case study: Karun River)
January 2012
Open channel flows often come in investigation and intervention scope of the environment engineering. Very often, the water layer depth is weak compared to the horizontal extension of the observed phenomena. This is the case for flows in rivers or channels and of the ground run off. The transition from turbulent Navier-Stokes equations tackled by using the Leibnitz formula. A series of approximation allowing...
Rainwater harvesting of Wadi Al-Kassab catchment's area by weir construction, West of Mosul City, North of Iraq
December 2011
Surface and ground waters are scarce in semi-arid and arid regions. Therefore, attempts are made in these regions to collect and preserve rainwater to the maximum possible extent. In arid and semi-arid areas where rainfall pattern is irregular, much of these are lost as surface runoff, and as a result, there is a scarcity of water which results to risk for human beings. Under such conditions, the water...
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