Freedom of expression from Islamic perspective
May 2014
Islam gives everyone right to exercise freedom of expression, as long as he does not intrude upon the freedom and dignity of other people. There is no place for the propagation of evil and wickedness in Islam. It does not grant anybody the right to use abusive or offensive language in the name of criticism and freedom of speech. Indeed, Islam grants everyone the right to have his own opinion within the boundaries of...
Reporting terrorism among Kenyan media: Should journalists be cautious?
May 2014
The study examined how journalists report terrorism and why they should be cautious in their reports in Kenya. The actions in which the media can take in covering terror attacks were also discussed and literature from selected books, journals, magazine, the internet and the press were used. We predicted that terrorism drive in the media by staging dramatic events which tend to attract large audience and in turn the...
‘‘Cutting off the shackles of bondage: Freedom, redemption and the movement back to Africa in Haile Gerima’s Sankofa’’
April 2014
Haile Gerima’s Sankofa (1993) provided a good example for the study of Public History in film that is, the study of how history is presented and recreated for public consumption. In Sankofa, the running thread is the direction that the film provides for a grasp of the past in order to live with confidence in the present and plan for the future. Gerima, originally from Ethiopia, chronicles the Middle Passage and...
Challenges of Communication Strategies for Sustainable National Development in Nigeria
March 2014
This paper identifies some of the challenges facing communication strategies in sustaining national development. It reviews issues surrounding communication strategies and supported the findings empirically with a view to understanding possible barriers to development using communication strategies. Using convenient sampling technique, 50 respondents from Nigerian Ministry of information and National planning were...
Media and women image: A Feminist discourse
March 2014
Female bodies have been exposed to a maximum possible extent through print and visual media globally. The physical impression of women body has been used to sell several consumer products, viz., food to floors, from creams to cars, from perfume to popcorn. The standards of beauty being imposed on women by external sources are much debated and complicated process and need to be understood within the age old...
College students’ success in reading as a function of their preparatory school achievements
February 2014
The purpose of the study was to examine first year college students’ success in reading as a function of their academic achievement in preparatory schools. To this end, data were collected from 138 year first students taking communicative English skills. Then, both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data. The results revealed that all of the variables were found to be correlates of...
Blogging Chinese new masculinities: An analysis of a Chinese A-list personal blog
February 2014
The discourse of Chinese new men and masculinities in the social media sphere has become visible in the past ten odd years but has largely remained unexplored. The analysis reported in this article presents a case of masculine performances in Chinese personal blogs. The data were collected from Acosta's blogsite and blog entries published between March and June 2006. Acosta's blog was the third most visited blog...
The Nigerian journalists’ knowledge, perception and use of the freedom of information (FOI) law in journalism practices
January 2014
The imperativeness of the freedom to access information, express opinions and active participation in governance by the general public has been recognized by a good number of democratic governments across the globe; hence, the adoption and enactment of the Freedom of Information Act by such democratic governments (Nigeria inclusive). However, there seems to be gross under-utilization of this enormous power bestowed on...
Municipality councils and local media study on the right of access to information in Jordan
January 2014
The purpose of this study is to shed light on the status of the right of access to information in the actions of municipality councils in Jordan, to identify the definite policy municipalities adopted to communicate with citizens, local media, and establishments in their geographical areas, and finally to find out if that policy is sufficiently transparent. The study aims to reach a comprehensive assessment of the state...
The role of mass media campaigns in preventing unintended pregnancy
January 2014
This short paper discusses the potential of advertising campaigns to reduce rates of unintended pregnancy in the United States. The author did a review research indicating that past campaigns encouraging contraceptive use have affected the behavior of some members of their target populations, and presented simulation results suggesting that a publicly funded, nationwide campaign has the potential to reduce...
Evaluation of the effect of media-mix on HIV/AIDS information dissemination in Abia State, Nigeria
October 2013
The study examined the effectiveness of media-mix in disseminating HIV/AIDS information to rural communities in Abia State, Nigeria. Abia State is made up of three Geo-political Zones namely Abia North, Abia South, and Abia Central. From the three zones, two zones Abia North and Abia South were randomly selected and from these two zones, two Local Government Areas (LGAs) – Ohafia and Obingwa were purposively...
The pattern of using information by research scholars in zoology: A bibliometric study
October 2013
Citations of 24 doctoral dissertations in Applied Zoology submitted to Kuvempu University since its inception were analysed to study the information use pattern of research scholars. The study also analysed the principal bibliographic forms, the journal used and their distribution according to country of origin and chronological scattering. The application of Bradford’s Law of scattering to the literature of...
Many ‘sins’ of the mass media in Nigeria: A critical appraisal of the media in a decade of nascent democracy
September 2013
The thrust of this paper has two foci. First, a critical insight into the media as a political resource in both developing and advanced democracies. This glaringly forms the theoretical anchor for this paper. Secondly, the paper takes a cursory look at the performance of the mass media, within the first decade of civilian rule in Nigeria. The paper, however, infers that hardly do the media hold themselves down to the...
The study of the audiences of the Persian satellite channels in terms of their use and gratification
September 2013
Audience is the main purpose of any media effort which have to be encouraged and then persuaded that media sends messages in accordance with his interest and need. This study aims at studying the most important media needs of audience in watching Persian-speaking channels. 458 residents of Qaemshahr were chosen based on purposeful sampling technique. This study is a survey which incorporates a researcher-developed...
Corporate social responsibility as an invention of public relation: A case of Econet and National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ)
September 2013
This article examines the relationship and relevance of CSR and PR at Econet and NRZ in Zimbabwe. It focuses on how CSR can be perceived by people, especially in Zimbabwe as an invention of PR. CSR which is modern PR is guided by reciprocity between the corporations and their publics in an effort to create mutual understanding and goodwill between corporations and their publics. The study is based on two...
Nursing education and its impact on patient-healthcare provider communication in Malawian hospitals
September 2013
Having good communication skills is essential for healthcare providers to establish good healthcare provider - patient relationships. Good patient-healthcare provider communication has better health outcomes, high compliance to therapeutic regimes, higher patient and healthcare provider satisfaction and a decrease in malpractice risk. Sadly, medical colleges tend to emphasise much on the biomedical sciences at the...
Use of photo-manipulation techniques in enhancing magazine cover portraiture: Lessons for journalistic graphics in Nigeria
August 2013
Evidence of the information age includes the flexibility, availability, accessibility and affordability of information, consequently expounding the frontiers of Graphic Design as well as all the tools of its practice. It is noted that publishing is one of such areas benefiting from digital transformation. Attempt is being made in this article to highlight the role of a few photo-manipulation in developing a...
Does ethnic Internet use deter or promote cross-cultural adaptation?
August 2013
Guided by uses and gratifications theory and prior research on cross-cultural adaptation (CCA), this paper examines the impact of ethnic Internet use on CCA. Based on surveys from 268 Chinese students in the U.S., our results show that Chinese students use the Internet primarily for information, entertainment and ethnic maintenance reasons. Entertainment and social involvement motives positively predict ethnic Internet...
Exploring the perceived impact of threat levels: The case of North Korea’s nuclear threat in the U.S.
August 2013
Using an experiment with 373 participants, this study examines the main effects of threat levels (high vs. low) on the cognitive appraisal by adopting a third-person effect measurement. The study not only shows a greater perceived impact of threat on others than themselves in both high and low threat level conditions but also reveals that the higher threat level produces a greater perceived impact on comparison groups...
Self-efficacy, Self-esteem and Gender as Determinants of Performance in Speaking Tasks
July 2013
The study examines the effects of self efficacy, self esteem and gender on performances in speaking tasks among first year university students. It also analyzes correlations of and gender differences in the variables treated. In this study, 128 participants, who had been interested to participate, were included. To gather data, scales and tests were used. Both descriptive and inferential statistics, namely, t-test,...
Building successful brand by using social networking media
July 2013
Innovation in social networking media has revolutionized the world in 21st century. Social networking media presents potentially opportunities for new forms of communication and commerce between marketers and consumers. The objectives of this is to analyze effective communication strategy through social networking media. A survey was conducted randomly among Facebook user community, by sending questionnaire through...
The impact of students’ self-regulated language learning on their reading achievement in Ethiopian high schools: Grade 9 in focus
June 2013
The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not motivational beliefs and self-regulated learning strategies are significant predictors of high school students' reading performance. The sub-scales used for the motivation scale were intrinsic goal orientation, extrinsic goal orientation, task value, and self-efficacy for learning and performance; while the sub-scales for the cognitive learning strategies were...
The effects of spatial distance spreading on social presence, negotiation continuation norm and exit behavior in the electronic negotiation
June 2013
The purpose of the present study is to reexamine the effects of spatial distance on the psychological processes and behavior of negotiators found by Hatta and Ohbuchi, using a different measure of social presence. Participants were 20 undergraduate students, and negotiations were conducted via computer. They were assigned to either a close or remote condition. The results indicated that participants in the remote...
How to go about your Ph.D. research
May 2013
Being a doctoral student is different; different from being a student of a taught degree programme. You are on your own. You have to decide what is needed and how you will meet the needs. You may go through periods of lull, stress and digressions. You have to overcome them all. The initial enthusiasm will dip at times, and it is perseverance rather than brilliance that will carry you through. And you will get...
Evaluation of the adequacy, suitability and use of educational technology in selected faculties of education in Nigeria
May 2013
This study evaluated the adequacy, suitability and use of educational technology in selected faculties of education in Nigerian universities. The study was carried out using the National Universities Commission (NUC) minimum academic standard as the basis for the evaluation. Data were collected through the use of educational technology Evaluation questionnaire (ETEQ) and observation guide for educational/technology...
Assessing pre-engineering students’ writing errors at Bahir Dar University, Ethiopia
April 2013
Having a good command of the English language has become a priority for high achiever students in universities of science and technology where English is used as a medium of instruction. However, understanding the written texts of pre-engineering students tends to be a serious challenge for instructors and tutors as there are problems of language and conceptual clarity. Thus, this study analyzed the written errors of...
Society, media, communication and development linkages: An analysis of Anglo-Saxon Theories in the context of developing countries
April 2013
Over the years, different forms of linkages between media, communication and society have been talked, assessed and analysed by communication practitioners. These have been primarily based on scenario analysis, function analysis or effect study. The studies have also been directed towards reaction of an individual or group to a given communication stimulus. This reflective essay, based primarily on Anglo-Saxon theories...
Maltby, Sarah, Military Media Management, Routledge: New York, 2012
February 2013
Television news perspective of conflict reporting: The Nigerian Television Authority as a reference point
February 2013
This paper examines the significance of public views on the Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) perspectives of conflict reporting in news. Survey research method was adopted for the study. A total of 400 respondents were selected for the study using Taro Yamane’s sample size formula. Questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Four hundred copies of questionnaire were administered to the...
Web news readers’ comments: Towards developing a methodology for using on-line comments in social inquiry
January 2013
Readers of on-line news are increasingly posting comments in response to news articles and the comments of other readers. These comments are a rich source of qualitative data that reflect public opinions and provide insight into how decisions are made and beliefs formed. Analyzing this unique data source requires a well thought out methodological approach to meet the goals of the study. This article explores...
Oral communication apprehension, competence and performance among maritime engineering trainees
January 2013
It is apparent that oral communication skills are of a paramount importance in peoples’ workplace performance. English is taught in Ethiopia largely as a foreign language with the aim of enabling graduates cope with communication challenges in the workplace. All university students learn English; so do maritime engineering students who are presumed to work for industries abroad. Their ability to communicate in...
Spotlight on the news: A critical review of cancer disclosure
December 2012
The global occurrence of malignant neoplasms has more than doubled in recent years. In Brazil, neoplasms represent 17% of all known causes of death and are considered the second leading mortality cause. This growth rate is astonishing, but the World Health Organization states that 40% of these cases could be prevented. However, this requires the population to be well-informed of the correlation between risk...
Empirical analysis on the normative reasoning of media policy in Europe: Focusing on the presence of a public service broadcaster and entry barriers by a licensing system in the broadcasting market
December 2012
This study attempts to verify the functions of the main part of the media policy in European society, especially through the establishment of a public service broadcaster (PSB) and the creating of entry barriers by a licensing system in the terrestrial broadcasting market through developments in social psychology and communication theory. Thus far, media policy has been examined normatively and...
Effective communication as a strategic tool for rural development: A model to take South African Government beyond mobilization and consultation through public participation
November 2012
The new South African Government has been marred by protests since 2004. This is according to the report on service delivery protest in South Africa released by the South African Parliament in August 2009 and the one by the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs (COGTA) in the same year. These protests escalated in 2009 where all provinces were affected. Media in general report these...
College students’ perception of e-learning and face-to-face learning
November 2012
This study examines college students’ perception of e-learning and face-to-face learning. We also investigate the antecedents of student’s satisfaction and academic performance. Using a structural equation modeling framework, we found that cognitive control, perceived usefulness, course flexibility, classroom interaction, student’s characteristics and effectiveness of online learning...
An examination of university students’ views on computer-mediated instruction/learning and its impact on their academic achievement
October 2012
This study provides insight into how participants’ demographic profiles contributed to their perceptions of computer-mediated learning, how students perceived the impact of computer-mediated learning on their achievement, and how having had to use computers impacted their attitude toward (future) learning using computer technology. A descriptive and correlational research design was used for this study....
Mobile communication and the culture of self-expression: The case of smsing to radio in Ghana
October 2012
Over the last two decades, mobile telephony has wrought a tremendous impact on interpersonal communication over the world. In Ghana, however, the communicative significance of this new media as a means of promoting the culture of self-expression, particularly on the radio, is relatively unknown. In this paper, I examine the uses and gratifications of approximately 500 SMS texts, arguably the commonest new...
Hollywood and breast cancer prevention among African American women: An analysis of breast cancer risk narratives in the California ‘Every Woman Counts Campaign’
August 2012
In 2006 the California department of public health ran a series of television public service announcements that advocated breast cancer screening among women in its “Every Woman Counts” campaign. This essay evaluates breast cancer risk narratives in a pilot sample of Public Service Announcements (PSAs) targeting underinsured and uninsured women. The PSAs were used as a guide to gain a greater...
Social networking sites: Instrument of social change
August 2012
Online availability of information creates new ways of communication. This provides a variety of ways for users to interact, though chat, messaging email, video, voice chat, file sharing, blogging and discussing groups. The social networking sites have become one of the dominant cultural phenomena in this digital age. It enables us to communicate anywhere in this world and to anyone who shares interests and...
Charles Dickens: The first popular media titan
April 2012
In CHARLES DICKENS, THE FIRST POPULAR MEDIA TITAN, author Rob Howe (Robert M. Howe, III), uses Charles Dickens’ original works and a welter of secondary research to examine and evaluate Dickens as not only an enormously popular Victorian Period author, but also as the first popular culture media titan in the context of three epic changes in Victorian society—the unprecedented sudden...
Linguistic game plays: A version for Hindi
April 2012
This article describes how teachers of the Hindi language can diversify their lessons when teaching language to one or two-year students. The research is all about the usage of linguistic game, Sudoku, in Hindi lessons. The article from which we have made a start is titled “Learning to Hypothesize with Confidence through Sudoku Game Play”. It was written by Y.L. Teresa Ting, a...
The church in the contemporary world: Information and communication technology in church communication for growth: A case study
April 2012
The last two decades has seen the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) in contemporary church communications for growth. Contemporary church communications for growth is taking phenomenally great strides. However, adoption levels vary across countries, church groups, church budgets, and with the increasing threat to mass gathering by insurgencies, the rate of adoption will further...
Cross-national content analysis of the coverage of the 2008 Russia-Georgia conflict
March 2012
This study compares media framing of the Russia-Georgia conflict across leading news outlets in Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine and Russia. A content analysis of 288 stories from eight news media outlets in these countries examined two major frames – reactionary depiction and partisan alignment. Results show that Russian and Ukrainian news outlets covered the conflict through the partisan alignment...
Perceived efficacy of radio agricultural commodities trend programme among farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
March 2012
Given the strategic position of marketing information in food supply chain and the significance of its ready accessibility to teeming farmers, this study assessed the efficacy of radio agricultural commodities trend programme among farmers in Nigeria. One Hundred and Thirty Nine farmers from four farm settlements were randomly selected and interviewed and data analysed using descriptive and inferential...
Linguistic analysis on the construction of satire in Nigerian political cartoons: The example of newspaper cartoons
March 2012
Political cartoons constitute a form of media text whose verbal and visual elements have made them an interesting research field across academic disciplines. The 21st century has witnessed a considerable research on political cartoons. This increasing research interest indicates that political cartoons have successfully constituted a distinct multimodal genre within media discourses. Political cartoons are...
Training of teacher-librarians in multi-media methods and materials production in Delta state, Nigeria
February 2012
This paper tends to unveil the need to train teacher-librarians with multi-media methods since most of the schools lack teacher-librarians to take the mantle of rendering effective service to students and at the same time embarking in teaching other subjects in their own area of specialization. A descriptive research method was employed in this research on the need to acquaint teacher-librarians with...
Coverage of gender roles in agriculture in four Nigerian newspapers (2000-2004)
February 2012
Increasing roles of women in agricultural activities has made provision of gender responsive information imperative. This study investigated coverage of gender roles in agriculture in four selected Nigerian newspapers. Ninety-two articles representing the media coverage from four newspapers were coded for this study. Results indicated that the tabloids covered more non-gender stories (67.3%) than gender...
National competitive advantage and cultural proximity: Comparison study of digital content industries in China and Taiwan
January 2012
Digital content industries produce “products or services that use information technology to digitize and integrate media materials.” Both China and Taiwan show strong interests and demand in developing digital content. Based on Dunning-Porter framework, this study examined national competitive advantages of digital content industries in China and Taiwan. It also took into account the...
Framing of avian influenza coverage by Nigerian newspapers
January 2012
The study examined framing pattern, direction of portrayal, space allotment and placement pattern in reporting avian influenza news in some selected Nigerian newspapers namely, The Guardian, Vanguard, Punch and Tribune were purposively selected between the periods of February 1st to August 31st, 2006. Result showed that majority (52.56%) of avian flu disease stories were reported in the month of February...
Effect of chromatic dispersion on four-wave mixing in WDM optical transmission system
December 2011
Crosstalk due to four-wave mixing (FWM) is the dominant nonlinear effect in long-haul multi-channel optical communication systems which can severely limit system performance. In this paper, we have simulated the effect of chromatic dispersion on FWM using equal and unequal channel spacing in terms of input/output spectrum, eye diagram and bit error rate. Results show that the effect of FWM reduces with...
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