Observations of oxytetracycline treatment effects in a contagious bovine pleuropneumonia naturally infected herd in Zambia
June 2017
An observational study on the effects of oxytetracycline treatment on contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in a naturally infected herd of 500 cattle was conducted. A total of 68 cattle that showed pneumonia-like clinical signs were treated. Treatment was effected the moment an animal showed signs of illness. A total of 429 cattle were slaughtered after diagnosis of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and at slaughter, 40.8%...
Prevalence and the associated risk factors of bovine trypanosomiasis in nyangatom pastoral woreda, Southern Nation and Nationalities People Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia
June 2017
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Nyangatom wereda of South Omo zone, Southern Nation and Nationalities People Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia with the general objectives to find out the prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis and the risk factors associated with its prevalence from January to June 2015. To identify the protozoa blood samples (n =384) collected from the marginal ear vein of indigenous zebu cattle of more...
Prevalence of bovine brucellosis, tuberculosis and dermatophilosis among cattle from Benin’s main dairy basins
May 2017
In order to determine the prevalence of bovine brucellosis, tuberculosis and dermatophilosis, a study was carried out in main dairy areas of Benin from April to September 2015. For brucellosis, 780 sera and 78 milk samples were analyzed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). For tuberculosis, 780 cattle underwent a comparative intradermal tuberculin test and 78 milk samples were used for...
Tsetse density and bovine trypanosomosis in selected sites of Konta, Ethiopia
May 2017
A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected sites of Southern Nation, Nationalities and People Regional State (SNNPRS) of Konta, Ethiopia. The purposes of study were to determine the apparent density of tsetse flies and prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis. Ngu traps for entomological survey were deployed at grazing and watering points of animals in the village of Dolba (Kerara Peasants Association, PAS) and near...
Gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in Guto Gida District, East Wolloega, Ethiopia
May 2017
A study by qualitative fecal examination of 384 fecal samples (201 sheep and 183 goats) was conducted from November 2011 to April 2012 with the objective to determine the major gastrointestinal (GIT) nematodes of small ruminants and their prevalence in sheep and goats in Guto Gida District. The study showed that 186 (92.5%) sheep and 150 (81.97%) goats were found to harbor eggs of GIT nematodes. Both sheep and goats...
Bovine dermatophytosis in Holeta agricultural research center, Ethiopia
May 2017
A cross sectional study was conducted at Holeta agricultural research center to determine the prevalence of dermatophytosis. The overall prevalence of dermatophytosis in a total of 384 animals was 167 (43.49%), as determined by using direct microscopic examination and culture isolation. There was difference in dermatophytosis infection rates among the cattle breeds examined, the highest being 86.49% in 25% Boran (BO) X...
Gastrointestinal nematodes of donkeys and horses in Gondar town northwest, Ethiopia
May 2017
A study on the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodes of equines was conducted from November 2011 to April 2012 in Gondar town to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors. A total of 103 horses and 281 donkeys were examined coprologicaly for the presence of GI nematode eggs using flotation techniques. Coprological result indicated horses and donkey harbor one or more nematodes infection in the total...
A cross-sectional study on bovine Schistosomiasis in and around Kemissie,Dawa Cheffa District
April 2017
A cross sectional study was conducted in and around Kemissie, Dawa Cheffa District to estimate the prevalence and identify possible risk factors for the disease in the study area. Animal identification based on age, sex, breed and body condition score and management system of the study animals were taken into account followed by coprological examination for the presence of the developmental stages of parasites or...
Prevalence and associated risk factors of equine wound in and around Asella town, South Eastern Ethiopia
April 2017
Equines are essential in the farming and transport systems of many areas of developing countries including Ethiopia. However, their socioeconomic importance is often under recognized and they suffer from poor husbandry practices which threaten their welfare and health. Wound is main problem emanated from such practice that results in deviation of their health and welfare. Cross-sectional study was conducted from...
Microbiological quality of frozen raw and undercooked Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets and food safety practices of fish handlers in Arba Minch town, SNNPR, Ethiopia
March 2017
The study was designed to assess the microbiological quality of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets and food safety practices of fish handlers in Arba Minch town, SNNPR, Ethiopia. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the food safety practices of fish handlers. The microbiological quality of frozen raw and undercooked (Asa leb-leb) tilapia fillets was assessed by determining the total plate count and...
Epidemiological investigation of Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (mers-cov) among dromedary camels in selected areas of Afar and Oromia region, Ethiopia
March 2017
A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2014 and May 2015, to determine the sero-prevalence, assess the presence of active cases through isolation and identify possible risk factors for the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus (MERS-CoV) in camels, in selected areas of Oromia and Afar regional states of Ethiopia. A total of 569 dromedary camel sera were collected and screened with two serological...
Public health risk and transmission route of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS): MERS coronavirus in dromedary camel
March 2017
Middle East respiratory syndrome corona virus (MERS-CoV) is a novel enzootic beta origin corona virus which was described in September 2012 for the first time. According to the reports of different researchers, the prevalence of MERS-CoV antibodies, during serological examination, is very high in dromedary camels of Eastern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. However, the infection in camel is mostly asymptomatic. In...
Bursa body index as a visual indicator for the assessment of bursa of Fabricius
February 2017
The objective of the present study was to identify the significance of the Bursal-Body index (BB index) as a tool in assessing the health status of a chicken flock especially those under experimental condition. With the unending debate on the bursa of Fabricius as a diagnostic tool, a total of 135 day-of-hatch Dominant black Cockerel hybrid were housed in six separate houses with positive pressure and filtered airflow....
Prevalence and species of major gastrointestinal parasites of donkeys in Tenta Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
February 2017
A cross sectional study was carried out from January 2014 to May 2015 in Tenta Woreda, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia to identify the species and determine the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of donkeys. A total of 300 fecal samples were collected from randomly selected donkeys and examined with flotation, sedimentation, McMaster and Baerman fecal examination techniques. The overall prevalence was...
Eukaryotic expression and characterization of BHV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) as a potential diagnostic antigen
January 2017
Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) causes Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis/Pustular vulvovaginitis in cattle. Glycoprotein D (gD) of BHV-1 represents a major component of the viral envelope and is a dominant immunogen. gD encoding gene was expressed in baculovirus-insect cell system. Viral genomic DNA extracted from BHV-1 grown on Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell monolayer was used as a template for PCR amplification of...
Prevalence of endo-parasites in donkeys and camels in Karamoja sub-region, North-eastern Uganda
January 2017
Donkeys (Ass-Equus-assinus) and camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Uganda are mainly owned by low income earners and peasant farmers, mainly in the semi-arid North-eastern Uganda in Karamoja and Sebei sub-regions. The animals however, seem to receive little or relatively no veterinary care. This study was carried out in Moroto and Amudat districts, Karamoja sub-region, Uganda in March 2016. Faecal samples of 110 randomly...
Incidence and the history of Echinococcus granulosus infection in dogs within the past few decades in Libya: A review
January 2017
Echinococcus granulosus is a tiny tapeworm that parasitizes the small intestine of canids, mainly dogs, which act as definitive hosts for the parasite. Infected dogs are the main source of infection to humans and livestock which act as intermediate hosts resulting in hydatid disease condition. E. granulosus is widely distributed in many parts of the world, and is very common in North...
The epidemiology of major ectoparasites of sheep and the effectiveness of the control campaign employed in Tiyo and Diksis Districts, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
December 2016
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to July 2014 with the objectives to determine the prevalence of ectoparasite of sheep in the Tiyo and Diksis districts, determine the effectiveness of control program against sheep ectoparasites in the study area and major risk factors associated with effectiveness of control program. A total of 646 sheep (323 from each districts) were examined for the presence of...
Prevalence of poultry coccidiosis in and around Yabello, southern Ethiopia
December 2016
This study was conducted in and around Yabello, Southern Ethiopia, with the objective of determining the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and its associated risk factors. Faecal samples were collected from total of 384 chickens. Floatation technique was used to detect coccidian oocyst. The result revealed that out of 384 chickens, 74 were positive to coccidiosis and overall prevalence was 19.3%. The frequency of...
Genetic evolution of infectious bursal disease virus in Senegal
December 2016
In recent years very virulent (VV) IBDV strains and classical (CV) IBDV strains re-emerged and caused devastating outbreaks in different parts of the world. In this study, genetic evolution of fifteen IBDVs collected in Senegal in 1979, 1999, 2007, 2012, 2013 and 2014 was characterized to gain information for a better control of IBD. Following RT-PCR, nucleotide sequence of the VP2 hypervariable region was determined...
Coliform organisms associated with milk of cows with mastitis and their sensitivity to commonly available antibiotics in Kaduna State, Nigeria
December 2016
An examination of raw milk for the isolation of coliforms as members of mastitis-causing organisms was conducted on 300 cows from four Local Government Areas in Kaduna State, northern Nigeria. A 10.3% prevalence was recorded for coliform organisms using the Microgen GN-ID A+B Kit (Medica-TecTM), these were; Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Serratia marcescens, Proteus spp. and Pantoea agglomerans...
Poultry coccidiosis: Prevalence and associated risk factors in extensive and intensive farming systems in Jimma Town, Jimma, Ethiopia
December 2016
Despite the presence of large number of chicken in Ethiopia, contribution to national economy or benefit from this sector of activity is very limited due to diseases and management, out of which poultry coccidiosis is a leading problem. A cross sectional study was undertaken in Jimma town and College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine’s (JUCAVM) poultry farm from November 2014 to April 2015 with the objective...
Evaluation of mucin and cytokines expression with intraepithelial lymphocytes determination in the caecum of broilers administered with Enterococcus faecium EF55 and challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis SE147
December 2016
The protective effect of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium EF55 in chicks challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis 147 (SE147) was assessed in caecum and blood. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of mRNAs of chicken intestinal mucin gene (MUC2), Interleukin (IL-15) and Interleukin (IL-17) cytokines, together with flow cytometry determination of...
Evaluation of pacing as an indicator of musculoskeletal pathology in dogs
December 2016
Little is currently known about the pacing gait in dogs and it has been speculated that pacing may be utilized by dogs with musculoskeletal pathology. The goals of the present study were to determine if pacing in dogs is associated with musculoskeletal disease and to establish if controlled speed impacts pacing. Dogs underwent orthopedic and lameness assessments. Musculoskeletal pathology, when identified, was further...
Major causes of lung and liver condemnation and associated risk factors in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia
November 2016
The study was conducted from November, 2013 to March, 2014 at Hawassa municipal abattoir, Southern Ethiopia with the aim of identifying the major causes of liver and lung condemnation and assessing possible risk factors associated with organ condemnation. Standard ante-mortem and post-mortem procedures were followed throughout the study and abnormalities were recorded. A total of 399 cattle were considered for ante...
Prevalence and possible risk factors for caprine paratuberculosis in intensive dairy production units in Guanajuato, Mexico
November 2016
In order to determine the prevalence of caprine paratuberculosis and the possible risk factors associated a cross-sectional epidemiological study (February to June, 2009) was carried out in dairy goat intensive production units in Guanajuto, Mexico. Blood (n=821) and fecal (n=240) were sampled from goats (older than one year of age) were randomly selected from thirteen dairy goat intensive production units. Serum...
Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practices of agro-pastoralists on tsetse fly(Glossina sp.) in Western Serengeti Tanzania
November 2016
A cross-section study was conducted to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practices about tsetse (Glossina) and trypanosomiasis among the agro-pastoralists communities around the Ikorongo/Grumeti game reserves in the Western Serengeti. Structured questionnaire were administered to 80 respondents and out of these 95% had adequate knowledge about tsetse flies and 79% knew the local names of the fly. The study also revealed...
Hematology and serum biochemistry of farmed bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus during the active and hibernating periods
November 2016
The Bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus is a species of economic important edible frog and often chosen as experimental animal model. Although, some studies in the literatures have reported the parameters of hematology and serum biochemistry in several Rana species, a comprehensive profile of hematology and biochemistry in farmed bullfrogs was very limited, especially during the hibernating period. 140 apparently healthy...
Sero-prevalence of Newcastle disease virus antibodies in local and exotic chickens in Gwagwalada, Nigeria
November 2016
This present study was conducted to determine the sero-prevalence of Newcastle disease (ND) antibodies in both local and exotic chickens in Gwagwalada, Nigeria. Two hundred sera were randomly collected post slaughter from chickens and analysed by Haemagglutination (HI) and Haemagglutination Inhibition Test (HIT). Fifty structured questionnaires were distributed among poultry keepers, workers and other stakeholders to...
Assessment of cadmium (Cd) residues in organs and muscles of slaughtered pigs at Nsukka and environs in Enugu State, Nigeria
November 2016
Pork is a major source of protein to man and widely consumed in Enugu State. The present study was undertaken to ascertain the presence and levels of cadmium in muscles and organs of slaughtered pigs at Nsukka agricultural zone. From a total of 160 slaughtered pigs, liver, kidney and muscle samples of each pig were collected and processed for the detection of cadmium residue using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. A...
Assessment of public knowledge, attitude and practices towards rabies in Debark Woreda, North Gondar, Ethiopia
November 2016
The study was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016 to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on rabies and associated risk factors among the community of Debark district, North Gonder, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia. For this cross-sectional study, a simple random sampling procedure was employed to select kebeles. From the list of kebeles, six were randomly selected using lottery method. Then, 70...
Major causes of organ condemnation and associated financial loss in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
October 2016
Carcass and organ condemnations cause big economic losses in the cattle industry. A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to May 2016 with the aim of identifying gross pathological changes that cause organ condemnation and to estimate the direct financial losses attributed to the condemned organs in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa municipal abattoir. Prior to slaughter, animals were subjected to routine...
In vitro analysis of the dissolution rate of canine uroliths using Moringa oliefera root
October 2016
Urolithiasis is a common disorder of humans and animals. The surgical intervention to correct the condition is expensive and alternative cheaper botanical treatments should be explored. Various botanicals have been shown in vitro not only to dissolute, but also inhibit orolith accretions. In this study the in-vitro efficacy, anti-urolithiatic potential and dissolution rate of aqueous and ethanol, chloroform, and...
Disease management and biosecurity measures of small-scale commercial poultry farms in and around Debre Markos, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
October 2016
This cross-sectional study was carried out to assess disease management and biosecurity measures of small scale commercial poultry farms by structured questionnaire through personal interview. The data was analysed by χ2 and t-test, one way analysis of variance and general linear model by SPSS software. The result shown that, only 38.8% of the producers’ suspects Coccidiosis was the frequently occurred disease...
Study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and density of its vectors in three selected districts of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
September 2016
The study was conducted from November, 2013 to March, 2014 in three selected districts of Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia with objective of determining the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and density of its vectors. Blood samples from 480 randomly selected cattle of both sexes different age, coat color and body condition score groups were collected and examined with conventional hematological and entomological...
Potency of four different commercial infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccines and different vaccination schedules in cockerels
September 2016
A potency trial was conducted to evaluate the potency of four commonly used infectious bursal disease (IBD) live vaccines to determine the most appropriate vaccination response to establish the most appropriate vaccination programme against IBD in Nigeria. A total of 700 day old cockerels were randomly divided into six groups 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Groups 1 to 4 were the vaccination cockerels while Groups 5 and 6 were...
A study on cattle trypanosomosis and its vectors in Gimbo and Guraferda districts of Southwest Ethiopia
September 2016
A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of cattle trypanosomosis and assess the distribution of its vectors in Gimbo and Guraferda districts of Kaffa and Bench Maji zones, respectively, in Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples’ Regional State (SNNPRS), Ethiopia from November 2011 to March 2012. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 490 local zebu cattle from...
Risk factors of haemoparasites and some haematological parameters of slaughtered trade cattle in Maiduguri, Nigeria
August 2016
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of haemoparasites and some haematological parameters of slaughtered trade cattle in Maiduguri abattoir. A total of 120 blood samples were randomly collected from cattle between January and July, 2014. The samples were screened for haemoparasites by examining Giemsa stained thin blood films. Microhaematocrit centrifugation technique was used for determination of packed...
Risk factors, prevention and control strategies for surgical site infections in veterinary practice in Nigeria - A review
August 2016
Surgical site infections (SSIs) are surgery associated nosocomial infections with multifactorial etiologies. They are adverse events that have placed heavy burden on surgery universally and have bedeviled veterinary surgery practice in Nigeria for decades, with consequent severe morbidity, mortality, financial and psychological burden on animal owners. In this paper, information on current universal trend of SSIs,...
Seroprevalence and risk factors for reproductive diseases in dairy cattle in Mexico
August 2016
The purpose of the study was to estimate seroprevalence of four reproductive diseases: brucellosis, bovine virus diarrhea (BVD), neosporosis and bovine respiratory rhinotracheitis (IBR) in dairy cattle in Mexico. In a stratified multi-stage design, 4,487 serum samples were collected in 182 herds from different states of Mexico. Epidemiologic and spatial information was also collected to evaluate risk factors and...
A study on prevalence of paramphistomum in cattle slaughtered in Gondar Elfora Abattoir, Ethiopia
August 2016
A cross sectional study was carried out from October 2010 to April 2011 in Gondar Elfora Abattoir to determine the prevalence of paramphistomosis in cattle (local, cross) breeds which were came from highland, mid highland and lowland areas. Three hundred eighty-four (384) cattle were included for routine ante-mortem and postmortem examination for the presence of paramphistomum. The parasite was examined grossly and...
Newcastle disease: Seroprevalence and associated risk factors in backyard and small scale chicken producer farms in Agarfa and Sinana Districts of Bale Zone, Ethiopia
August 2016
A cross-sectional study on seroprevalence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibodies in backyard and small-scale chicken producer farms in Agarfa and Sinana districts was conducted using hemagglutination inhibition test (HAI) from February, 2015 to May, 2015. A total of 384 chicken sera were randomly collected from ten kebeles of the selected districts. Hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test was used to analyze 384...
Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and its vector apparent density in Chora District of Illuababora Western Oromia, Ethiopia
July 2016
Bovine trypanosomosis is transmitted by tsetse and other biting flies which cause the most serious veterinary and animal production problem in sub-Saharan Africa. Cross sectional study was conducted from September to December, 2013 in Chora district, Western Oromia to assess the prevalence of trypanosomosis and apparent density of its vector. The methods employed during the study were deploying trap for the collection...
Major causes and abnormalities of organ condemnation and financial loss in cattle slaughtered at Dessie municipal abattior North Eastern Ethiopia
July 2016
A cross sectional active and retrospective abattoir survey was undertaken from November 2013 to April 2014, on cattle slaughtered at Dessie municipal abattoir with the aim of identifying the major causes of organ condemnation, risk factors for organ condemnation and estimating the financial loss attributed to the condemned organs in cattle slaughtered at Dessie municipal abattoir, North-East part of Ethiopia. Of the...
An assessment of veterinary diagnostic services needs in Uganda
July 2016
The government of Uganda has experienced continued fiscal challenges from late 1980s to date. Consequently, the provision of veterinary services was liberalized and decentralized. This exposed veterinary service provision to many actors without adequate regulation and supervision. With the resurgence of infectious diseases, increased economic and health risks especially to the rural poor, there is the need to understand...
Cross-sectional survey of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in the sultanate of Oman
June 2016
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne hemorrhagic disease caused primarily by a zoonotic virus. The disease may cause a fatal hemorrhagic illness in human; however, CCHF is asymptomatic in infected animals. After the recent reports of CCHF in Oman, a cross-sectional survey was conducted during 2013 to 2014 to study the prevalence in livestock and ticks in order to assess the potential risk of emergence....
Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine leukemia virus in Colombia
May 2016
An epidemiological study was conducted to establish the prevalence of the Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) in Colombia and to describe risk and protecting factors associated with this infection disease. The study was performed with an observational descriptive cross-sectional process in twelve Colombian regions, by collecting blood samples from 8150 bovines in 390 cattle farms between February and September 2014. The...
Isolation and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of Salmonella species from raw beef and quail eggs from farms and retail outlets in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
April 2016
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella species from raw beef obtained from markets and Japanese quail eggs from farms and retail outlets in Jos and environs, Nigeria, using colony morphology and biochemical tests. Of the 100 raw beef samples examined, 11 were contaminated with Salmonella given a prevalence of 11.0%. Salmonella was isolated from 3 out of...
Sero-prevalence of camel brucellosis in three abbatoirs of Nothern Nigeria
March 2016
A sero prevalence study of camel brucellosis was carried out in three abattoirs of Northern Nigeria during the period of October to December, 2013. A total of three hundred and eleven (311) serum samples were collected from Kano, Sokoto and Maiduguri municipal abattoirs. The serum samples were screened using the Rose Bengal plate test with positive samples further tested with the lateral flow immmnoaassay. Out of 180...
Tick burden and acquisition of immunity to Theileria parva by Tarime cattle in comparison to Sukuma cattle under different tick control regimes in the Lake Zone of Tanzania
March 2016
This study was conducted to determine tick burden and immunological parameters of resistance to East Coast fever (ECF) in Tarime and Sukuma cattle. Tick load, packed cell volume (PCV), Theileria parva (T. parva) specific antibody percent positivity (PP), and prevalence of T. parva parasites were studied in relation to dipping regime, strains, and season. A total of 50 experimental cattle were included in this...
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