Articles
Page 1 of 1128, showing 50 records out of 56352 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
July 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Biochemical changes in superchilled storage of salmon (Salmo salar) fillets
Biochemical changes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fillets during superchilled storage were evaluated. Due to the significant differences in ice crystal sizes observed, the biochemical changes were evaluated both at the top and centre parts of the superchilled samples. No significant differences were found in biochemical changes between top and centre parts of the superchilled samples. The amount of cell tissue fluid...
July 2018
Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology
Cytotaxonomic study of the larvae of blackfly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from River-Ose, Ondo State, Nigeria
A study of the cytotaxonomy of the larvae of blackfly was undertaken at three sites, Imeri A, Imeri B, and Ose-oba, along River Ose in Ondo State, Nigeria. Based on the morphology of the larvae and the resultant pupae, three species of blackflies were identified. These included Simulium damnosum complex, Simulium alcocki, and one yet to be identified (YI). Investigations on the polytene chromosomes from the salivary...
July 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Effects of L-Arginine supplementation of drinking water on the kidney and liver of Sasso chickens
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of L-arginine supplementation of drinking water on the kidney and liver of Sasso chickens. The study comprised 297 mixed sex Sasso chickens of twelve-weeks old raised in floor pens, the birds were randomly distributed into three treatments and three replicates with thirty-three birds per replicate. The design of the experiment is the completely randomized design...
July 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Livestock-feed balance in small and fragmented land holdings: The case of Wolayta zone, Southern Ethiopia
Ethiopia owns immense but largely untapped livestock resources scattered over diverse agro-ecologies. Feed scarcity is one of the major technical constraints in livestock production and thus challenges the economic contribution of the livestock sub-sector. For optimum and sustainable livestock productivity, the available feed resource should match with the animal population in a given area. This study was aimed at...
July 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Phenotypic characterization of pigs and their production system in Liberia
Native pig farming is an important component of rural farming systems in Liberia but the population has recently stagnated, due to the absence of a comprehensive improvement and conservation program. A survey was conducted to measure the phenotypic morphometric parameters and production system of native and exotic pigs of Liberia. The survey was carried out in 15 Counties of Liberia and covered 545 animals from 264...
July 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in rural women accessing antenatal care services in Awka, south-east, Nigeria
Nigeria accounts for a considerable proportion of maternal deaths that occur annually worldwide. The study investigated the incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in women accessing antenatal care services at health facilities in Awka South Local Government Area, Anambra State. The study adopted cross-sectional research design. The population comprised 3,207 registered pregnant women from January to...
July 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Precision health contributions to public health: An integrative review
Precision health is an all-encompassing term, which can describe a type of care that shows the intersectionality of genomics, precision health or medicine and public health. This integrative review aimed to investigate how precision health strategies could contribute to the public health and improve health-related outcomes among populations. The search strategy included 5 main keywords combined with other 63...
July 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Malaria outbreak and contracting factors in Afar Region, Ethiopia, 2016
On July 5, 2016, Amibera District Health office was alerted of excess of malaria cases in two villages. Within July 5 to 17, 2016 malaria outbreak and associations factors were investigated. A malaria case is when a person with fever or fever with headache is confirmed either microscopically to have Plasmodium parasites or by Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) to detect the malaria antigens. In the last five years malaria data...
July 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Physicochemical properties of starches extracted from local cassava varieties with the aid of crude pectolytic enzymes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 52712)
Starches extracted from root mashes of the Nkabom, Esam Bankye, Bankyehemaa, Doku Duade and Afisiafi cassava varieties, with the aid of (crude) pectolytic enzymes from Saccharomyces cerevisiae pectolytic were analysed to compare effects of (pectolytic) enzyme technology on the physicochemical properties of the extracted starches. This was to help establish the extent to which varietal differences affect application of...
July 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Enhancing the retention of β-carotene and vitamin C in dried mango using alternative blanching processes
The effects of microwave (MW) dry blanching of mango in comparison with conventional water blanching and blanching in closed plastic bags prior to hot air drying (70°C) were evaluated on the retention of vitamin C and β-carotene and on the activity of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and ascorbic acid oxidase (AAO) enzymes. Blanching conditions for MW and water blanching were 2 min at 90°C high temperature and...
July 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Evaluation of thigh muscles of 3 breeds of cattle (White Fulani, Sokoto Gudali and Red Bororo)
If different breeds or muscles of animal have same composition is a food for thought. Do muscles from animals eaten as food, have different chemical composition? This study evaluates composition of thigh muscles from three breeds of cattle and the different muscles in the thigh. Nine 1-year male cattle, comprising of 3 Sokoto Gudali (SG), 3 White Fulani (WF) and 3 Red Bororo (RB) breeds were reared semi-intensively, fed...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Limitations and strategies to enhance biological nitrogen fixation in sub-humid tropics of
Western Ethiopia
Currently, inorganic nitrogen fertilizer becomes a serious threat to the environment and human health. Thus, finding of alternate source of nitrogen is a viable option in assuring of sustainable agricultural system. Biological nitrogen fixation is a critical and key process in sustainable agricultural systems in tropical soils, which are frequently deficient in N and susceptible to leaching of plant nutrients. This...
July 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genetic variability in a quality protein maize (QPM) population under double viral infections
The type of gene action conferring combined resistance to maize streak virus (MSV) and maize stripe virus (MStV) was investigated in a Quality Protein Maize (QPM) population, ART/98/SW6-OB. Full-sib and half-sib progenies generated using North Carolina Design I mating scheme were evaluated in 2015 and 2016 in two locations endemic to the viral diseases in Nigeria. Serological study was also conducted on the progenies to...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Genetic analysis for grain yield and yield related traits in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines in line × tester mating design
Maize is one of the most important cereal crop widely grown in the world. Maize crosses along with similar maturing checks were evaluated at Hawassa in 2015-2016 cropping season to understand the nature of gene action governing yield and its attributes through line × tester analysis and to study genetic contribution of line, tester and the interaction of line × tester to total variation. The experiment was...
July 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Incidence of seed borne fungi in farm saved rice seeds, quality declared seed and certified seed in Morogoro Region in Tanzania
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second most important food crop after maize in Tanzania. It faces many challenges like diseases, pests and physical damages, which reduce the seed quality. This article identified microorganisms and the district where they occurred. 13 fungal species comprising of 11 pathogenic and 2 saprophytic fungi were detected and the incidence level varied among sample. Mvomero District showed the...
July 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Phenotypic and serological evaluation of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.Walp) genotypes for resistance to viral infection under field conditions
Viral infections are a major challenge to sustainable cowpea production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Nine cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) genotypes were evaluated for resistance against viral infection in a field trial involving randomized complete block design with 4 replications. Viral disease severity was assessed at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after planting (WAP) based on disease symptoms. Double antibody sandwich-enzyme...
July 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Influence of land use practices on water physicochemical parameters and nutrients loading along the Mara River of East Africa
Mara River originates from the Mau Forest and traverses through landscapes with varying activities. Over the years, Mara River Basin has witnessed population increase, accompanied with conversion of forestlands into agricultural farms, human settlements, industrial and tourist activities and development of urban centres. Land uses along riverine areas have influence on water quality and may affect health of surrounding...
July 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Comparative analysis of climate change impact on livestock in relation to biomass base feed availability using standardized precipitation index in south-western Ethiopia
The standardized precipitation index and normalized difference vegetation index on event incidences (at different time scale) and biomass feed dry matter production, were used to assess climate change influences on feed availability. A significant decline (p<0.05) in feed dry matter availability indices across years was observed. The deviation from normality shows that the biomass feed production could vary...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Prospects and challenges of management of smallholders' Wovwe Rice Irrigation Scheme in Malawi through participatory approach
The concept of participatory approach in irrigation management was adopted in Malawi in the mid 1990s, but fully implemented in early 2000. This research was designed to analyze the challenges and benefits which Water User Associations (WUAs) encountered during implementation of irrigation projects using Wovwe Water User Association (WWUA) as a case study. The study thus examined the legal framework of WUAs in Malawi,...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Technology tracking: Understanding decisions to adopt, not to adopt, and dis-adopt household greywater filtration systems
Jordan is one of the world’s water-poorest countries. The demand for potable and productive water is ever increasing due to population growth, climate change, increasing numbers of refugees hosted by the country, as well as heightened demand from a growing economy and its different sectors. Household greywater filtration systems (HGWFS) are ideal for repurposing greywater, from wastewater into productive use for...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Adaptability evaluation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes at Western Ethiopia
Fifteen common bean genotypes were tested at four locations with two management regimes of lime treated and lime untreated acidic soils. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications during 2016/17 cropping season. The combined analysis of variance over environments showed significant differences among environments, genotypes, genotype x environment interaction (GEI), management, genotype by...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Micro-propagation of Colocasia esculenta (cv. Bolosso I) from corm and sprout tip explants
Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) is a perennial, aquatic and semi-aquatic species, member of the family Araceae grown for its edible tuberous root. The application of conventional propagation techniques for taro could not produce the high demand and quality planting materials due to its low productive capacity and diseases transmission. Therefore, this study was carried out to develop micro-propagation protocol for...
July 2018
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Combining ability and gene action of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes in Southern Ethiopia
This work identifies the combining ability of 10 hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) parents and 45F1 hybrids obtained from 10 x 10 half diallel. The work aims to identify the parents with the best general combining ability (gca) and crosses with high specific combining ability (sca) for yield, quality and nature of gene action involved. The study was conducted during 2015-2016 at six environments in Southern Ethiopia using...
July 2018
Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology
Prevalence of the major ectoparasites of poultry in extensive and intensive farms in Jimma,
southwestern Ethiopia
Ectoparasites pose a serious health threat and constitute major impediments in poultry production in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. However, they are paid less attention as endoparasites and infectious diseases; the huge economic burden of the parasites need a comprehensive study encompassing both intensive and free range poultry in order to generate accurate information about the disease. The current...
July 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Influence of anthropogenic activities and seasons on heavy metals in spring water along Amala and Nyangores tributaries of the Mara River Basin
Anthropogenic activities, including replacing natural forests with human settlements and increased agricultural activities have environmental impacts. The activities can contaminate aquatic ecosystems including spring waters that are sources of major rivers like the Amala and Nyangores, tributaries of Mara River in Mau Complex. In the complex, forestlands have been converted to human settlements and agricultural lands....
July 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Genotypic variation, demographic characteristics and risk factors of hepatitis C virus in Scotland
Knowledge on the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has implicit significance for the diagnosis, duration and treatment response of infected patients, as some genotypes are more responsive to therapy than others. In this paper, an examination of the possible association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes with demographic and risk factors for transmission was described. The study utilized routinely collected data...
July 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among school adolescents in Gobu Seyo District, East Wollega Zone, Oromia regional state of West Ethiopia, 2016
Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood. During this, nutrient needs are greatest. There is so little data on adolescents' nutrition and research needs are immense. The objective of the study was to assess prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition in school adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted at GobuSeyo district in December, 2016. Using...
July 2018
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Determinants of late booking for antenatal care among pregnant women in selected hospitals in South
East Nigeria
Late booking for antenatal care is a frequent occurrence among pregnant women in Nigeria unlike in most developed countries. The objective of the study was to determine the maternal, socio-cultural, religious, and institutional/systemic factors that determine late booking for antenatal care among pregnant women in Enugu, Nigeria. Descriptive, cross-sectional questionnaire based method was employed in the study. A...
July 2018
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Nutritional knowledge, attitude and practices among pregnant women who attend antenatal care at public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
During pregnancy, maternal nutrition requires considerable attention; however, pregnant women’s nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and practices are less understood. The objective of this study was to assess nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practices among pregnant women who attend antenatal care at public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted to collect...
July 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites and identification of major nematodes of cattle in and around Bishoftu, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Although, many studies have been conducted to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) helminths of cattle in Ethiopia, most of them were conducted using simple fecal egg examination rather than larval identification to identify the nematodes. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 with the aim of estimating the prevalence of GIT helminths and identifying nematode genera in...
July 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Dog breeds acquisition and owners’ awareness of associated surgical conditions in Nigeria
The study evaluated dog owners’ awareness of breed-associated surgical conditions in Nigeria as indices for breed choice with structured pre-tested questionnaires administered to dog owners in 17 states of Nigeria. Alsatians (36.8%) and Rottweiler (13%) breeds were mostly possessed by owners. The majority of the respondents were females (60.4%) owners. Lagos (53.4%) and Oyo (52.1%) states had the highest...
July 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary parameters of dogs administered propofol-acepromazine-butorphanol or propofol-acepromazine-buprenorphine anaesthesia
The efficacy and safety of premedication with acepromazine-butorphanol or acepromazine-buprenorphine combination were compared in dogs anaesthetized with propofol using total intravenous anaesthesia. Six mature Nigerian indigenous dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 premedication groups: Group 1 (acepromazine, 0.03 mg/kg, IM; butorphanol, 0.4 mg/kg, IM), or 2 (acepromazine, 0.03 mg/kg, IM; buprenorphine, 0.02 mg/kg,...
July 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
On farm demonstration of improved lettuce variety (Lactuca Sativa) in Southeastern zone of
Tigray, Ethiopia
Improved slow bolting lettuce variety is one of the important traits of lettuce for farmers in the study area to increase their production and income. Therefore a field experiment was conducted in Enderta district of South eastern zone of Tigray with the objective to evaluate and demonstrate the slow bolting lettuce variety, enhance the income of farmers by increasing production and productivity, and participate farmers...
July 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Agro-pastorals’ adoption of soil and water conservation (SWC) technologies: The case of Aba’ala district in Afar Region, Ethiopia
This study assessed agro-pastoralists’ adoption of soil and water conservation measures in Aba’alla. A convergent parallel mixed design was used, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Samples were taken from five selected kebelles of spate irrigation areas in the Woreda. Questionnaires, group discussions, interviews and field observations were used. About 150 households were taken from 2450...
July 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Impact of human activities on biosphere reserve: A case study from Yayu Biosphere Reserve, Southwest Ethiopia
Little is known on wild animal threats and their relative severity in most biospheres reserves of Ethiopia. This study was conducted during the period of May 2015 to June 2015 and was aimed at documenting relative severity of current threats of Yayu Biosphere Reserve, Southwestern Ethiopia. One hundred farmers in and around Yayu biosphere reserve were interviewed. The most relatively severe threat factors were...
July 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
New sighting record of white-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus in Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary, Uttar
Pradesh, India
The white-tailed Lapwing, Vanellus leucurus, is a species of bird which is listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as Least Concern, winter visitor to India and breed in Central Asia and Southern Russia. It is occasionally sighted in the western region of Maharashtra State, Gujarat, Rajasthan, India, but hardly ever documented. There is no record of its presence in the study area. In this note,...
July 2018
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Perception and mitigation preferences on climate change among residents of Nairobi City County
As result of compounding factors related to environmental, social, economic and political pressures, it is feared that the impacts of climate change and variability may overwhelm resilience of urban systems in developing countries if adaptation and mitigation strategies are not strengthened. Understanding how the urban residents perceive and respond to climate change is necessary for the purpose of formulating informed...
July 2018
African Journal of Bacteriology Research
An overview of epidemiology and etiology of bacteria associated with diabetic injuries and their dominant infection at Central Region, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most chronic and dangerous diseases worldwide and in the Saudi society in particular. Swabs (168) from DM injuries were collected from inpatient and outpatient departments. Analysis of variance revealed the high incidence of diabetic foot infections compared to other injuries by an average of 51 and 33, respectively. Adults’ category was significantly the highest age category...
July 2018
African Journal of Bacteriology Research
Bacterial identification and drug susceptibility pattern of urinary tract infection in pregnant Women at Karamara Hospital Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia
Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections during pregnancy and if left untreated in pregnancy it may result in acute pyelonephritis, abortion, premature delivery, low birth baby and even still birth. Thus the aim of this study was to determine the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of urinary tract infection in pregnant women at Karamara Hospital Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia. A...
July 2018
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Prospects of alternative copping systems for salt-affected soils in Ethiopia
Soil salinization is one of the major constraints in achieving food security and environmental degradation in Ethiopia. Restoration of salt-affected lands into productive lands and protection of newly developed areas from the spread of salinity is therefore of paramount importance. In high salinity areas where technical solutions to soil rehabilitation are expensive and time consuming and growth of normal field crops is...
July 2018
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Effects of organic fertilizer (NPK 5-9-19) and mineral (NPK 12-11-18) on soil chemical properties in tomato crop in the South and Mid-west of the Ivory Coast
A study on mineral and organic liquid fertilizer was carried out in the South and Central West of Ivory Coast during a period of two years in order to improve soil fertility in tomato crop. More specifically, it evaluated the effects of 4 doses of organic fertilizer (NPK 5-9-19), associated or not with mineral fertilizer (NPK 12-11-18) on the content of soil organic matter, C/N ratio, the sum of exchangeable bases,...
July 2018
International Journal of Library and Information Science
Involvement of library users in collection development of hybrid academic libraries in Tanzania
Collection development in any academic library is an on-going process. It is undertaken by librarians and library services staff with inputs from different stakeholders, including the academic and non-academic staff, administrators, and students. The main objective of this paper is to assess the involvement of library users in collection development of hybrid academic libraries in Tanzania. A triangulation approach for...
July 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Pulcandi a healing natural ash coal against gastric acidity: Scientific comprehension
As a coal, Pulcandi possesses the property of removing excess gastric and intestinal gas. Pulcandi powder has anti-diarrhea activity by decreasing intestinal fluid content and adsorbing microbes and toxins. The aim of this study was to demonstrate and to establish consequences of Pulcandi powder use on gastric acidity. For evaluating these consequences, it was investigated in vitro kinetic tests on acidity. These tests...
July 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Comparative evaluation of the protective effect of leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) and Ocimum canum (curry) on acetaminophen induced acute liver toxicity
The quest for alternate medicine in preventing and combating hepatotoxicity led to the screening of aqueous and ethanol extracts of dried leaves of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (bitter leaf) and Ocimum canum Linn (curry leaf) for phytochemicals and in vitro antioxidant properties. Some rats were pretreated with the extracts and later administered with 2g/kg of body weight single dose of acetaminophen and the...
July 2018
Journal of Media and Communication Studies
Social media as a means to overcome stress and depression among women
Depression constitutes a serious challenge in personal and public health. Tens of millions of people each year suffer from depression and only a fraction receives treatment (de Choudhury, 2013). Stress and depression drains one of the feel-good factors essential to sustain the energy that gives the impetuous to hope and move forward. Depression in women is made more complex because of factors such as reproductive...
July 2018
Journal of Media and Communication Studies
Twitter and sports journalism in Germany: Application and networks during the Sochi 2014 Winter Olympics
Professions in the communication realm are affected by Twitter’s rapidity, agenda setting, and myriad utilization possibilities. This study addresses potentials of Twitter for journalists in the sport context and assessed journalists’ Twitter activity, as well as journalists’ Twitter networks and their change in the course of the 2014 Winter Olympics. The sample was composed of the accounts of 30...
July 2018
International Journal of Library and Information Science
Marketing of information products and services in public libraries in South West, Nigeria
The study examines the marketing of information products and services in public libraries in South West, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population comprises professionals and library officers. Questionnaire was used as means of data collection. The sections consist of A and B. Section A dwells on the socio-economic variables of the respondent, Section B consist on availability of...
July 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of collective marketing and marketable surplus for smallholder sorghum producers in Oyam district, Uganda
In 2000, Uganda instituted a tax rebate of 10 to 15% to industries willing to use locally sourced raw materials. This attracted Nile Breweries Ltd (NBL) to start using locally produced sorghum for beer production in 2002 and intervened in the sorghum value chain through mobilization of farmers into producer groups, established bulking centers and appointed buying agents. Despite these interventions, some farmers still...
July 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Technical efficiency and profitability of potato production by smallholder farmers: The case of Dinsho District, Bale Zone of Ethiopia
The study aimed to analyze the technical efficiency and profitability of potato production by smallholder farmers in Dinsho District of Bale Zone of Ethiopia. Cross sectional data collected in 2015/16 production year from 147 surveyed households was utilized in achieving these objectives. Non-parametric net crop revenue analysis and Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier approach were used to analyze enterprise profitability...
July 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
The Role of Pastoralists’ Indigenous Knowledge and Practices in Reducing Household Food Insecurity in West Pokot, Kenya: A Binary Probit Analysis
In recent decades, researchers and development practitioners have explored strategies to manage shocks and reduce food insecurity in the arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) especially through introduction of modern scientific approaches and interventions; for instance promotion of exotic livestock breeds, but these interventions have not yielded desired results. This has been attributed to the fact that most of these...
Page 1 of 1128, showing 50 records out of 56352 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
