Due to the lack of adequate information about the biological activities and active ingredients of these plants, tThe current work aims to illustrate the benfitsbenefits and importance of some Allium sp (especially Garlic and onion)appeared during the ancient Egypt periodespecially Garlic and onion. due to its importance and lack for some information related to these plants. The ancient Egyptians grew a wide variety of vegetables: Onions, garlic, leeks, lettuce, radishes, choriandercoriander, cabbages, cucumbers, watermelons, melons, raphanus, a wild radish tasting like turnip, beans, chick peas, lupins, lentils and peas..---etcSome of them have been reported in the Ebers Papyrus. Almost all these plants have been mentioned in numerous books and treatises written by many scholars since the Greek writings of Dioscorides and all over the last fifteen centuries during the Islamic Era. Recent and modern studies on these plants proved the occurrence of active principles in the different organs of them. Their pharmacological activity has been investigated. In view of their importance as a source of extracts and active constituents used in medicine, they were embodied in different pharmacopoeias, either in Egypt and/or abroad. From these medicinal plants Ammi majus, Citrulluscolocynthis, Datura stramonium, Glycyrrhizaglabra, Hyoscyamusmuticus, Plantagosp Senna italica, Silybummarianum, andAlliumsp, these plant species are used also in the folk medicine.

Keywords: Ancient Egypt, Medicinal plants, Allium sp, Biological Activities.