September 2011
New chimeric anti-tubercular dendrimers with self-delivering property
Tuberculosis is the second lethal infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium species. This pathogens could cause severe disease like tuberculosis and leprosy in human. Today there are a number of anti tuberculosis agents utilized in treatment of this disease but multiple drug resistance is one of the major problems that end to failure in treatment. Dendrimers are synthetic, high branched polymers with a number...
September 2011
Current understanding of de novo synthesis of bacterial lipid carrier (undecaprenyl phosphate): More enzymes to be discovered
An isoprenoid named undecaprenyl phosphate (Und-p) is the only known lipid carrier in bacteria. It is involved in the translocation of hydrophilic intermediates of cell wall components across the hydrophobic phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane for subsequent polymerization in cell wall synthesis. Und-p is made available by both de novosynthesis and recycling. Evidences are emerging that in addition to...
September 2011
Advances in microbial heterologous production of flavonoids
Flavonoids are important plant specific secondary metabolites that are synthesized from the general phenylpropanoid pathway and have many pharmaceutical and nutraceutical functions. Separation of pure flavonoids from plants material is very difficult and chemical syntheses of flavonoids require extreme reaction conditions and toxic chemicals. However, in the past decades, engineered microbes are becoming increasingly...
September 2011
A novel poly (L-lactide) degrading thermophilic actinomycetes, Actinomadura keratinilytica strain T16-1 and pla sequencing
An actinomycete strain T16-1 demonstrated the maximum poly (L-Lactide)-degrading activity when cultured in basal liquid medium at 50°C. According to 16S rDNA sequence analysis, chemotaxonomic and DNA-DNA hybridization revealed that strain T16-1 belong to the family Thermomonosporaceae, genus Actinomadura. On the basis of phenotypic and phylogenic data, strain T16-1 which is a novel PLA-degrading...
September 2011
RepC as a negative copy number regulator is involved in the maintenance of pJB01 homeostasis
The plasmid pJB01 contains a single operon consisting of three orfs, copA, repB and repC cistrons. The operon, also called repABC operon, starts transcription at T695 or A696 on the pJB01 genetic map. CopA (called RepA in pMV158 family) or ctRNA (counter-transcript RNA) of this plasmid play roles as a repressor of RepB, a replication initiator, on the transcriptional and translational...
September 2011
Cloning and characterization of a female gametophyte-specific gene in Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyte)
In this study, forward and reverse suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) libraries were constructed between female and male gametophyte of Gracilaria lemaneiformis to isolate genes differentially expressed between gametophytes. Dot-blots were performed to screen 384 colonies randomly selected from each subtracted libraries. Partial gene (designated as GMF-01) which is female gametophyte-specific was...
September 2011
Recombinant Clone ABA392 protects laboratory animals from Pasteurella multocida Serotype B
In this study the potential of the previously contracted recombinant clone ABA392 derived from Pasteurella multocida serotype B to protect laboratory animal against haemorrhagic septicaemia was determined. After reconfirmation of plasmid DNA size, its stability and pathological effect of the clone, passive mice protection test and active immunization was carried out. Pooled serum sample from rats vaccinated...
September 2011
Improving the efficiency of involved bacteria in aeration tanks of waste water stations
Advanced bioremediation in waste water and sewage treatments currently represents one of the important aspects of biotechnology. The removal of pathogenic microorganisms, complex hydrocarbons, heavy metals and nutrients were intensively investigated. The present work aims to improve the efficiency of involved bacteria in aeration tanks for maximizing mineralization process of organic substances and consequently reduce...
September 2011
A laboratory scale bioremediation of Tapis crude oil contaminated soil by bioaugmentation of Acinetobacter baumannii T30C
Microbial degradation of Tapis crude oil contaminated soil by Acinetobacter baumanniiT30C was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of the selected potential hydrocarbon degrader in stimulating bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil with different treatment units in microcosms with 2.5 kg soil. Previously, A. baumannii T30C was isolated from a Tapis crude oil-contaminated soil of oil refinery plant,...
September 2011
Seasonal variation in the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton in a small African tropical reservoir
Phytoplankton species composition and seasonal changes were investigated in the shallow reservoir of Adzopé. Taxonomic composition, diversity and abundance of phytoplankton were studied at 4 stations from May 2008 to February 2009, in relation to physical and chemical factors (temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, transparency, pH, nutrients) and climatic factor (rainfall). The phytoplankton comprised 144...
September 2011
Biosorption of metals by phenol-resistant bacteria isolated from contaminated industrial effluents
To determine their potential use in bioremediation programs, three native bacteria isolated from industrial polluted effluents in Monterrey, México were tested as metal biosorbents at high concentrations of phenol (1000 mg/l). Bacterial isolates were identified as: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The isolates were found to exhibit combined heavy metal...
September 2011
Phytochemical and antibacterial properties of Combretum mucronatum (Schumach) leaf extract
The cold extraction method was used to obtain the methanol extract of the leaf ofCombretum mucronatum. The extract was analyzed for antibacterial activities, using some pathogenic bacteria namely: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi and Bacillus subtilis. The antibacterial...
September 2011
Bacteriological analysis of drinking water sources
The quality of potable water and treatment of waterborne diseases are critical public health issues. Bacterial contamination of drinking water sources is the most common health risk. The research determines bacteriological quality of drinking water sources in Serbo town, south west Ethiopia. A Cross-sectional study design on bacteriological analysis of drinking water was conducted in Serbo town from September to...
September 2011
Purification and characterization of bacteriocin isolated from Streptococcus thermophilus
Streptococcus thermophilus is used primarily as starter cultures to counter the harmful bacteria grown in cheese and yogurt making/preservation processes. These bacteria produce some exogenous toxins called bacteriocins having the antimicrobial activities against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In our study S. thermophilus growth was obtained at pH 5.5 and temperature 40°C....
September 2011
Incidence and antibiotic susceptibilities of Yersinia enterocolitica and other Yersinia species recovered from meat and chicken in Tehran, Iran
The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Yersinia species in beef meat and chicken meat samples in different seasons. In this study 379 pieces of beef and chicken meats were examined for the presence of Yersinia species between April 2007 and March 2008. 25 g of homogenized food samples was pre-enriched in PBS then it was...
September 2011
Screening of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for high tolerance of ethanol concentration and temperature
The fermentation process of sugar feedstock materials at industrial scale requires the utilization of microorganisms capable of working at high ethanol concentration and high temperatures. The selection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, able to ferment sugars obtained from different material at temperatures above 35°C with high ethanol yield, has become a necessity. Three yeast strains were irradiated...
September 2011
Genetic characterization of food-and-mouth disease virus WFL strain
The complete genome of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strain WFL was cloned and sequenced. The results showed that the complete genome was 8155 nucleotides (nt) in length (including the poly(C) tract, but excluding poly(A) tail) and was composed of a 1059-nt 5'-untranslated region (UTR), a 6969-nt open reading frame, and a 127-nt 3'-UTR. cre region of 5’UTR was 55nt with 45.5% of G/C,...
September 2011
Nano theoretical studies of fMet-tRNA structure in protein synthesis of prokaryotes and its comparison with the structure of fAla-tRNA
In this paper, we performed quantum mechanic calculations on structures of fMet-tRNA and fAla-tRNA. Comparing the results structure design was done by formalizing the amino acid and attaching in to the adenine nucleotide of tRNA. The performed calculations are Opt, SCRF, NBO and NMR. Key words: Natural bond orbital (NBO), fMet-tRNA, NMR, Opt, SCRF, fAla-tRNA.
September 2011
Isolation and characterization of a potential biocontrol Brevibacillus laterosporus
An antagonist bacterium ZQ2 was isolated from an apple rhizosphere at Mount Tai in China. The bacterium strongly inhibited the growth of numerous apple phytopathogens in vitro, such as Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, andPhysalospora piricola. The inhibition rates against the different fungi ranged from 55.26 to 88.17. The strain ZQ2 was identified...
September 2011
Immunogenicity of envelope GP5 protein displayed on baculovirus and protective efficacy against virulent porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge in piglets
In the present study, one recombinant baculovirus BacSC-GP5, expressing His6-tagged GP5 with the transmembrane domain (TM) and cytoplasmic domain (CTD) derived from baculovirus envelope protein gp64, was constructed and its immunogenicity andprotective efficiency was evaluated in piglets. The results obtained show that, His6-tagged recombinant GP5 was expressed and anchored on the...
September 2011
Indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizae in areas with different successional stages at a tropical dry forest biome in Brazil
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mycelium creates multiple fungal links between roots of plants and could be an important component of plant succession in ecosystems. Ourobjective was to compare the spore number (SN), genus contribution and indigenousarbuscular mycorrhizal colonization (AMC) capacity...
September 2011
Effects of different kind of fructans on in vitro growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium lactis
The effects of fructans of Cichorium intybus, Helianthus tuberosus and Agave angustifoliaspp. tequilana were evaluated on in vitro growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium lactis. Fructan concentrations were 0, 7, 14 or 21 g/L of man rogosa sharpe broth. The pH values and optic density at 600 nm (OD600) were measured. Broths were...
September 2011
Prevalence of intestinal parasites at Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India: Five-year study
This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in hospitals at Ujjain. A total of 5990 samples were collected in five years: 3580 from Ujjain Charitable Trust Hospital (Urban population) and 2410 from R. D. Gardi Medical College (Rural population). Overall prevalence rate of intestinal parasite was 21.4%. Entamoeba histolytica (10.5%) was the commonest protozoa followed...
September 2011
Nematicidal activity of Gymnoascus reesii against Meloidogyne incognita
In the present investigation, antagonistic effect of culture filtrates of Gymnoascus reesii at different concentrations were tested on eggs and juveniles of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incoginta), invitro. The percentage mortality and inhibition of hatching of root-knot nematode were directly proportional to the concentration of culture filtrates of G. reesii. Compared with the nematicides...
September 2011
Effect of medium pH on laccase zymogram patterns produced by Pleurotus ostreatus in submerged fermentation
The number of laccase isoenzymes and laccase activities of Pleurotus ostreatus in buffered and non-buffered media were determined. In both culture media, the initial pH was adjusted to 3.5. Similar laccases activity (100-500 U/L) was observed in the range of 100-400 h (approximately) of fermentation in both media. Buffered culture medium yielded higher laccases activities (3200 U/L) at 500...
September 2011
Determining the knowledge of food safety and purchasing behavior of the consumers living in Turkey and Kazakhstan
Complete and balanced nutrition with reliable food consists of the basis of health and protective health services. Therefore, the current study was carried out to determine the knowledge of food safety level and purchasing behavior of 668 consumers living both in Turkey (n=348) and in Kazakhstan (n=320) and to compare the results. Volunteered consumers for the research were given a face to face interview between March...
September 2011
Molecular characterization of norovirus from acute gastroenteritis patients in Malaysia
Rotavirus and recently norovirus have been described as important and most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children. The mode of transmission is fecal-oral. Diagnosis of both of these viruses can be made by rapid antigen detection of the viruses in stool specimens and strains can be further characterized by enzyme immunoassay or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Stool specimens collected from...
September 2011
Diversity of yeasts involved in the fermentation of tchoukoutou, an opaque sorghum beer from Benin
Opaque sorghum beers are traditional alcoholic beverages in several African countries. Known as tchoukoutou in Benin, the beer is often obtained from an uncontrolled fermentation. It is consumed in an actively fermenting state and has a sour taste. The present study characterized and identified the yeasts involved in the fermentation process of this type of beer using the phenotypical approach. Of 12 beers...
September 2011
Structural characterization and antioxidant activity of purified polysaccharide from cultured Cordyceps militaris
The polysaccharide fraction, CM-hs-CPS2, was isolated from fruiting bodies of culturedCordyceps militaris grown on solid rice medium by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation, and purified by ion exchange column (DEAE-cellulose-52) and gel filtration column (Sephadex G-100) chromatography. Its structural characterizations were analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy...
September 2011
The effects of four weeks training on leptin levels in junior female judokas
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of four weeks judo training on plasma leptin levels. Twenty-five female national team athletes with a mean age of 18.12±1.12 years; body weight of 62.72±22.72 kg; body height of 164.28±7.28 cm, BMI of 23.17±6.28 kg/m2; training experience of 6.56±5.44 years participated in this study. The data were collected from junior female...
September 2011
Effects of the electromagnetic radiation on oocysts of Eimeria papillata infecting mice
Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) produced by many telecommunication systems, has short and long term biological effects on living cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of EMR on the outcome of coccidiosis induced by Eimeria papillata. Oocysts from E. papillata infected mice were exposed to the EMR in the form of gamma rays, ultraviolet rays and radiations emitted from the mobile...
September 2011
Influence of bispyribac sodium on nitrogenase activity and growth of cyanobacteria isolated from paddy fields
The goal of this study was to determine the effect of bispyribac-sodium on the nitrogenase activities and growth of cyanobacteria isolated from paddy fields. Ten cyanobacterialspecies were used in this study. Cyanobacterial species were isolated from soil and water samples obtained from rice fields in Corum, Turkey. Among all Anabaena strains, the maximum activity was determined...
September 2011
Antimicrobial activity of crude venom extracts in honeybees (Apis cerana, Apis dorsata, Apis florea) tested against selected pathogens
Antimicrobial activity of crude venom extracts from different honeybee species was tested against selected pathogens. Toxicity of bee venom is known to man since ages, which varies from mild inflammations to death. Bee venom is synthesized in the venom glands of worker bees and queen and is stored in the venom sac. In the present study the toxic potentialities of honeybee venom pertaining to different honeybee...
September 2011
The bactericidal and fungicidal effects of salicid on pathogenic organisms involved in hospital infections
The study was designed to investigate bactericidal and fungicidal actions of salicid (pH: 6.7, ORP: 760 mV, residual chlorine of 2 to 5 ppm) on hospital infections. Four of the most common opportunistic pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus,Rhizopus oryzae, and Aspergillus fumigatus) were used for this study. Cultures were inoculated in 9 mL of salicid and incubated for 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10...
September 2011
Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from surface and ground waters in Osogbo, Nigeria
Legionella is a ubiquitous water environmental organism. Isolation/detection of Legionellae has been reported worldwide. However, there is no reported isolation of Legionellae in countries in Africa with the exception of South Africa. The aim of this study was to survey the surface, ground waters and air conditioner water systems (ACWs) in Osogbo, Nigeria for the presence of Legionella pneumophila by...
September 2011
Isolation and identification of Bacillus strains with antimycobacterial activity
Tuberculosis is the principal cause of death worldwide due to an infectious disease. The resurgence of tuberculosis, followed by the increase in prevalence of infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), as well as the multi-drug resistance of mycobacteria to the majority of currently available antibiotics, have encouraged research for new antimycobacterial agents. Soil and water samples from different...
September 2011
In vivo and in vitro protein profiling in Acacia nilotica (L.): A nitrogen fixing tree
Present investigation was the first attempt which deals with the in vivo and in vitrocomparative study of protein level in Acacia nilotica L., a nitrogen fixing tree. Protein was investigated in callus, seed, leaf and stem by means of SDS-PAGE. For obtaining the in vitro explant, the seeds were cultured on ½ MS medium under the in vitro condition. The cotyledonary...
September 2011
Antibiotic susceptibility and toxins production of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples from Benin
A wide range of clinical samples were screened for identification of Staphylococcus aureus, their antibiotic sensitivity profile and the production of different leucotoxin and epidermolysins was evaluated. Out of 2,040 biological samples (collected from pus, urine, sperms, genital, catheter and blood of hospitalized and extra-hospital patients) screened, 123 pure cultures of S. aureuscolonies were isolated....
September 2011
Bioaccumulation of cesium-137 and cobalt-60 from solid cellulosic-based radioactive waste simulates by Plurotus pulmonarius
Solid cellulose-based radioactive wastes (CBW) constitutes in some cases, about 70% of the total solid low and intermediate level organic wastes originated from peaceful applications of nuclear technology in various fields of our life. Cesium-137 and cobalt-60 represent two of the most important radioisotopes spiking these waste categories. Both are serious contamination concerns due to their high energy gamma ray...
September 2011
Effect of Avid® on the synnema-like formation of Aspergillus flavus grown on Czapek medium
The effect of Avid® on the induction of synnema-like structure of Aspergillus flavus (61 strains) grown on various types of agar media was investigated. Other related species of Aspergillus within the section Flavi, A. parasiticus (14 strains), A. nomius (14 strains), A. psuedotamarii (2 strains),A. tamarii (20 strains) and A. oryzae (5...
September 2011
Toxicity of essential oil from Artemisia argyi against Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae)
The repellent, fumigant effect and contact toxicity of essential oil extracted from Artemisia argyi (Asteraceae: Artemisia) plant against Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) was investigated. The A. argyi oil exhibited strong repellent, fumigant effect and contact toxicity against O. surinamensis which progressively increased with increased exposure...
September 2011
Bioactivity of Hydnora africana on selected bacterial pathogens: Preliminary phytochemical screening
Medicinal plants contain a variety of chemical substances with important therapeutic properties that can be utilized in the treatment of human diseases. Hydonora africana is used in folklore remedies for the treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, kidney and bladder complaints among other ailments; hence we assessed the in vitro antimicrobial activity of this plant against three bacterial species...
September 2011
Characterization of pathogenic or non-pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis isolated from lambs from Xinjiang, a remove North-west province of China
The majority of the 11 pathogenic Enterococcus faecalis from lambs developed encephalitis and 45 non-pathogenic E. faecalis from intestinal and respiratory microbiota of healthy lambs were belonged to Streptococcus serotype D. Haemolytic study revealed that 8 of 11 pathogenic stains had stable haemolyticus; 8/30 strains of intestinal normal microbita and 3 of 15 strains from respiratory system...
September 2011
Seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae infection in the commercial layer flocks of the Centernorth of Iran
This survey was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) infections in commercial layer farms in Centernorth of Iran. A total of 2000 serum samples were collected from 40 commercial layer flocks (50 samples/ flock) mostly > 40-week-old. Sera tested by serum plate agglutination (SPA) method using commercial MG antigen and MS...
September 2011
Molecular characterization of Citrus tristeza virus strains in Peninsular Malaysia
Sixty Malaysian CTV isolates were characterized by bi-directional polymerase chain reaction (BD-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of their coat protein (CP) gene. In BD-PCR analysis, 392-bp fragments were amplified from seven isolates. The other 53 isolates produced only 320-bp fragments. RFLP patterns of RT-PCR products of CP gene digested with HinfI restriction enzyme were similar to...
September 2011
Killing kinetics and bactericidal mechanism of action of Alpinia galanga on food borne bacteria
The aim of this study was to explore the killing kinetics and bactericidal mechanism of action of A. galanga against food borne bacteria in order to promote this plant as a source of natural preservative. The comparison on antibacterial power was firstly done among its essential oil and the crude extracts obtained from various extracting solvents. The essential oil showed the extremely strongest antibacterial...
September 2011
Isolation, characterization and fingerprinting of some chlorpyrifos- degrading bacterial strains isolated from Egyptian pesticides-polluted soils
Five bacterial isolates (B-CP5- B-CP6 - B-CP7- B-CP8- B-CP9) were isolated from pesticides- contaminated soil in Egypt. The capability of these isolates to degrade chlorpyrifos was investigated using enrichment mineral salt (MS) medium containing chlorpyrifos. Two different PCR-based techniques, RAPD-PCR and PCR-RFLP for amplified16S rRNA fragment were used to conduct genetic fingerprinting and obtain specific molecular...
September 2011
Differential diagnosis of Entamoeba spp. in gastrointestinal disorder patients in Khorramabad, Iran
Differential diagnosis of Entamoeba spp. has great clinical and epidemiological importance. Entamoeba moshkovskii cysts and trophozoites are morphologically indistinguishable fromEntamoeba dispar and Entamoeba histolytica. This study was carried out for the first time to detect Entamoeba spp. in stool samples by using molecular method from April 2010 to December 2010 in...
September 2011
First report of black root rot disease (Thielaviopsis basicola) of carrot in Saudi Arabia
During January-February 2010, a black root rot (BRR) disease of carrot (Daucus carotaL.) was observed in vegetable markets of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The recovery ofThielaviopsis basicola from local carrot fields indicated its appearance in propagules ranged between 8.32-10.15 (total count/g soil). This report describes the first evidence of black root rot disease of carrot caused...
September 2011
Detection of inducible clindamycin resistance by an automated system in a tertiary care hospital
Clindamycin is commonly used in treatment of erythromycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus causing skin and soft tissue infections. In vitro routine tests for clindamycin susceptibility may fail to detect inducible clindamycin resistance due to ‘erm’ genes resulting in treatment failure thus necessitating the need to detect such resistance by a rapid method. In the era of automation,...
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