Back ground Objective: a retrospective -cross sectional study was conducted to determine and compare the five years distribution of ABO and rhesus blood groups in Jimma Town blood bank Method and materials: a retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to determine the distribution of the type of blood groups of blood donors registered in Jimma Zone blood bank. A check list was used to collect secondary data of each study participants from the log book. The data was analyzed by using frequency distribution. Results: the study showed that from ABO blood group, blood group type O was the commonest type of blood group accounting for 43.1% followed by blood group type A and B accounting for 31.9% & 21.5% respectively. AB blood group type was the least blood group performed in the study area accounting for 3.5%. From Rhesus (Rh) blood group determined, 92.8% of them were Rh positive whereas 7.2% of them were Rh negative. Conclusion: the study indicates the distribution pattern of different blood groups among the people in and around Jimma Town and helps the blood bank to prepare database and also creates awareness which type of blood group should be stored more. So, the study has a significant implication regarding the inventory management of blood bank and transfusion services for those who need blood transfusion.

Keywords: blood bank, ABO blood group, Rhesus blood group