Generation and characterization of doubled haploids maize (Zea mays L.) in sub-Saharan Africa
May 2025
Doubled haploid (DH) inbred lines are an invaluable technology for maize genetics and hybrid breeding. However, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the use of double haploid technology in maize breeding is uncommon, despite its potential to improve the development of new maize varieties. This research, conducted at the Farako-Bâ research station of the Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) in Burkina...
Pathogenicity test of four fungi pathogens responsible for cabbages (Brassica oleracea L.) diseases and their in-vitro control using medicinal plants and medicinal mushroom extracts in the Western highlands of Cameroon
May 2025
Diseased cabbages are known for post-harvest and financial losses for farmers. The study evaluated the pathogenicity of the fungi species identified from diseased cabbages and in-vitro control using biological control. For the pathogenicity test, soil was sterilized and 100 cabbages planted in polythene bags. After 65 days of growth, healthy cabbages were infused with 105 spores in 1 miles of glucose solution per...
Screening for stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) resistance in selected wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines
May 2025
Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt), is a major threat to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production due to increased susceptibility. This study aimed to identify wheat lines in the 16th Stem Rust Resistance Screening Nursery (SRRSN) with seedling and adult plant resistance (APR) to wheat stem rust. A two-season field experiment was conducted at (KALRO) Njoro using a 12×12 partially balanced...
Diversity of fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) attacking Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) in two agro-ecological zones of Northern Cameroon
May 2025
Guava (Psidium guajava L.), a fruit of high nutritional and economic value, is highly susceptible to infestation by tephritid fruit flies (Diptera), posing a significant threat to its production. To address this issue, a biodiversity study was conducted during two fruiting guava season (2020 – 2021), in six orchards located in two agro-ecological zones of Cameroon: the Sudano-Sahelian Savannah and the High Guinea...
Maize production in Chad: Typology of producers, agricultural, and land policies
April 2025
Corn production plays a crucial role in Chad’s food security and economic stability, particularly amid climatic adversities. This study analyzes maize production zones, producer typologies, and policy impacts through surveys and interviews with 300 stakeholders. Statistical analyses (Student’s t-test, ANOVA) revealed two main production zones, which are Mayo-Kebbi Ouest (6.72 ± 2.58 ha average area)...
The mediating role of protection motivation on environmental awareness and drought adaptation behaviors: A case of women farmers in Northern Cameroon
April 2025
The primary challenge in addressing climate change is not the lack of adaptation strategies; rather, it is the inability of people to adapt to climate change. Using the protection motivation theory, this study aimed to analyze contextual factors influencing drought adaptation behaviors in Northern Cameroon. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using non-probabilistic and probabilistic sampling techniques to recruit...
Epidemiology of potato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) in Nyanga potato quarantine area, Zimbabwe
April 2025
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) seed production is a critical element of the potato industry in Zimbabwe. The potato industry is affected by poor seed quality due to potato bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), a pathogen known to be highly destructive in most solanaceous crops. The main objective of this study was to determine the distribution, prevalence, and incidence of potato bacterial wilt (PBW) in the Nyanga potato...
Highly hazardous pesticides identification, use and risk reduction in Zimbabwe
April 2025
Pesticides are crucial in ensuring agro-based countries' food security and economic development through crop protection against pest damage. However, the indiscriminate use and heavy reliance on pesticides have been linked to adverse human and environmental health impacts. These problems are generally associated with a small group of pesticides commonly regarded as highly hazardous. This study sought to establish...
Diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in the Far North Region of Cameroon
April 2025
This study was carried out to determine the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in cultivated soils in the Far North region of Cameroon. To this end, composite soil samples were taken from six divisions in the Far North region. The spores were isolated by wet sieving and observed using a WILD M3B (Heerbrugg Switzerland) stereo microscope. They were identified on the basis of their size, colour, ornamentation of their...
Assessment of cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.) for their productivity and tolerance to cocoa swollen shoot virus disease in Côte d'Ivoire
April 2025
In Côte d’Ivoire, cocoa trees were submitted to several production constraints, including cocoa swollen shoot disease (CSSD). The aim of this work is to select cocoa trees with good agronomic traits and CSSD tolerance. Ten families of cocoa trees have been evaluated with 7 descriptives parameters such as the number and weight of total fresh beans and also the weight of dry beans. These families were also...
Preliminary study on the effect of cheap sowing media on tomato seed germination and seedling growth in greenhouse and screen house
April 2025
The quality of seedlings is heavily dependent on the substrate in which they grow and develop. To investigate the impact of different substrates on tomato seed germination and seedling growth, an experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 19 treatments and three replications in both greenhouse and screen house settings. The results revealed that the following substrates performed well in terms of...
Estimation of forage biomass in mobile livestock systems using GIS and remote sensing
April 2025
The availability of quality forages is critical in ruminant systems, but it is influenced by forage type, management, and climatic conditions. This study estimated forage biomass in Usonga and Bunyala North Wards (Siaya and Busia counties) from September to December 2021 and February to April 2022 using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS). GIS mapping determined the vegetative index and forage...
The economic dimension of foreign trade of agricultural products and food in the Saudi economy
April 2025
This study aimed to analyze the economics of foreign trade in agricultural products and food in the Saudi economy from 2005 to 2022, using economic and statistical methods. The results showed a significant increase in the deficit of the agricultural and food trade balance, growing at an annual rate of 5.4%. This deficit was primarily driven by the value of imports exceeding exports, which was exacerbated by the decline...
Effects of cow dung and palm nut fiber ash on growth, yield, and nutritional quality of eggplant varieties in sandy clay soil
March 2025
The progressive decline of soil nutrients due to land degradation and poor agricultural practices has a negative impact on crop production. Organic fertilizers are used in sustainable agriculture as eco-friendly and relevant agroparameters, as well as nutrients content for crops. In this study, morpho-physiological parameters (stem height, base diameter, number of leaves per plant, number of fruits per plant, and fruit...
Screening for host plant resistance to fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in selected sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) breeding lines using detached leaf assay in Kenya
March 2025
Fall armyworm (FAW) causes significant damage in sorghum globally. Sixteen Sorghum genotypes were evaluated for resistance to FAW using a detached leaf bioassay in the laboratory at Egerton University and the greenhouse at Kenya Agriculture and Livestock Research Organization, Njoro, in 2020. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data on larval survival, weight, pupation,...
Influence of Rhizobium inoculation on root length, symbiotic performance and grain yield of soybean (Glycine max) intercropped with sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) with P and K nutrition
March 2025
Limited information is available on optimizing potassium (P) and phosphate (K) nutrition with rhizobia in a soybean-sorghum intercropping system. A two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of Rhizobium inoculation with P and K on root length, symbiotic performance and yield. The split-split plot designs with 2 × 4 × 7 factorial arrangement with three replicates were used. The main plots...
Evaluation of Kenyan wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties for stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) response under field conditions
March 2025
Stem rust (Puccinia graminis) is a disease that globally has unceasingly threatened wheat. This study aimed to evaluate the response of 120 wheat varieties to stem rust under artificial inoculation for 3 seasons at Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Njoro. Resistance was quantified using the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) and final disease severity with varieties exhibiting ≤300 and...
Major diseases of cashew: A perspective on etiology, epidemiology and management for sustainable crop production in Tanzania
March 2025
Anacardium occidentale L., is an economically important cash crop seriously threatened by multiple biotic factors, including diseases. Updated information on the current situation of diseases in the cashew cropping system is limited, particularly in Tanzania. This narrative review provides, for the first time, an elucidation of the etiology, epidemiology, and management status of important cashew diseases in Tanzania....
Exploring the influence of calcium sources (calcium ammonium nitrate [CAN] and lime) on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth and yield in Rwanda
March 2025
An experiment was conducted in Huye district, Southern Province of Rwanda, during the 2023-2024 seasons, using a randomized complete block design with seven treatments replicated three times. The study aimed to investigate the impact of different calcium sources on the growth and yield components of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L). The treatments included T0-N17 P17 K17 at 300 kg ha-1, T1- N17 P17 K17 at 300 + CAN...
Effects of sawmilling on livelihoods among small and medium-scale millers in the Asunafo North Municipality of Ghana
March 2025
This study examines the impact of sawmilling on livelihoods among small and medium-scale millers in the Asunafo North Municipality of Ghana, emphasizing their reliance on natural, physical, social, financial, and human capital. Sawmilling serves as a critical economic activity, generating employment, stimulating local economies, and contributing to poverty reduction through auxiliary industries such as charcoal...
Towards sustainable agricultural practices in pearl millet cropping to increase food security in Niger: Challenges and solutions
February 2025
The West African Sahel, particularly Niger, has long faced food insecurity due to the negative effects of climate change since the 1970s. Variable and unpredictable rainfall patterns, low soil chemical fertility (notably P and N), and high leaching rates present challenges for achieving high yields. Pearl millet and cowpea are the major staple crops grown by peasants. Crop diversity and woody species are declining,...
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) productivity and nutritive value in aquaponic versus hydroponic systems
February 2025
This study evaluated the effects of aquaponic and hydroponic systems on the germination and growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine. A randomized complete block design with three treatments was employed. Barley seeds were pre-treated through washing, disinfection, and soaking, and germination was conducted in polyethylene trays under three conditions: aquaponic with tilapia, hydroponic with...
Soil Characteristics, Taxonomy and land suitability of a lateritic Mantle for rain-fed maize (Zea mays) Agriculture in the Cameroon Western Highlands
February 2025
Numerous farmers experience a knowledge gap between the cultivation capabilities of land units (LU) responsible for spatial yield variability. This research aims to characterize and evaluate a lateritic toposequence for rain-fed maize in Western Cameroon. Five soil profiles dug along an N-S transect enabled assessing land suitability for maize using the FAO method. The main results revealed that LU N° 1 (Summit) and...
Soil quality role for enhanced soybean resilience under hydric stress season
February 2025
This study investigates how soil organic matter and the physical and microbiological attributes affect soybean yield in two distinct crop environments (high and low productivity) in southern Brazil, during a crop season with the occurrence of a severe hydric restriction. Soil samples stratified by depth were collected to evaluate the chemical (organic matter), physical (root penetration resistance and growth), and...
Phenological, physiological, and agronomic trait variation and heritability in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subspecies durum Desf) genotypes
February 2025
Durum wheat is the most commonly cultivated tetraploid wheat, accounting for approximately 8% of wheat production worldwide and 10% in Ethiopia. Variation in phenotypic traits indicates genetic diversity and allows genotype identification with desirable characteristics for breeding programs. This study examined the variation, heritability, and correlation of 11 durum wheat phenotypic traits, including days to maturity...
Genetic aspects of physiological quality traits in common bean seeds
February 2025
Understanding the genetic basis of traits related to the physiological quality of seeds is a crucial step in developing bean cultivars with superior performance and better adaptation to varying environmental conditions. This study aimed to estimate the components of genotypic variation, identify the predominant gene action, and explore its implications for selecting traits associated with the physiological quality of...
Effects of climatic variations on the selectivity of S-metolachlor, fomesafen, and imazamox herbicides for common bean genotypes
February 2025
The objective of this study was to assess the effect of crop seasons with contrasting climate conditions on the selectivity of fomesafen, imazamox, and S-metolachlor herbicides for common bean genotypes. Experiments were conducted under a split-plot arrangement with three replications, with herbicides (fomesafen, imazamox, S-metolachlor, and a control) in the plots and genotypes (IPR-Campos-Gerais, BRS-Perola, Caviano,...
Understanding gender roles, constraints and social context in fish value chain in Edo State, Nigeria
February 2025
Sustainable change in the fish value chain is crucial for achieving gendered food security, improved livelihoods, and economic empowerment of individuals. Fisheries are hindered by inequalities between men and women in the sector, affecting the even distribution of benefits, access to resources, and control over resources among actors. This study employed data-driven strategies to understand how the fish value chain...
Screening of onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties for resistance to onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infestation
February 2025
Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most important vegetables grown for its nutritional and medicinal values. However, it is highly exposed to onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) which can cause severe yield loss in vulnerable varieties. A study was carried out at the Bindura University Farm Teaching Unit to evaluate the susceptibility/tolerance of ten commonly-grown Zimbabwean onion varieties to thrips infestation. The trial...
Effect of organic and inorganic fertilization on the growth and yield of two Amaranthus accessions
January 2025
The production of Indigenous leafy vegetables such as Amaranthus could address malnutrition and food insecurity experienced globally by providing the necessary nutrients needed in a balanced diet. However, escalating prices of chemical fertilizers make them unaffordable to small-holder farmers and this aggravates more threat to food security. This is because an adequate nutrient supply through fertilization is essential...
Bioassay test of pyrethrum extract for the management of maize and bean weevils treated with different dosages
January 2025
Insect infestation has a direct impact on agricultural food production and stored products, resulting in 20 to 30% product loss, and in severe cases, total loss. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the response of maize and bean weevils treated with different dosages and exposure times pyrethrum extract. The pyrethrum extracts were prepared at six dosage levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0% w/v) and mixed...
Managing brown leaf spot disease in rice: Insights into Bipolaris oryzae pathogenesis and management strategies
January 2025
Bipolaris oryzae is a severe Ascomycete pathogen responsible for brown leaf spot in rice, resulting in significant yield losses in both quantity and quality. This disease is prevalent worldwide, affecting most rice-growing regions and holding historical significance for many rice-producing countries. The pathogen can infect rice at any growth stage, manifesting symptoms on various plant parts. Initial symptoms appear as...
Agromorphological characteristics of Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry-Lecomte ex O'Rorke) Baill. (Wild mango) and its effect on Theobroma cacao L. in traditional agroforestry systems
January 2025
The study was conducted in the localities of Buyo, Duekoué, and Gueyo in western Côte d'Ivoire, within agroforestry systems that combine cocoa trees with Irvingia gabonensis. The aim was to enhance cocoa production in Côte d'Ivoire by associating it with I. gabonensis to achieve sustainable production. To achieve this goal, plots with radii of 10 and 20 m around I. gabonensis trees were...
Investigating the potential of a systems approach for false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) on ‘Hass’ Avocado
January 2025
The false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), fruit fly species of the genus Ceratitis (Diptera: Tephritidae), and the invasive oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), are pests associated with avocado production in South Africa. Phytosanitary measures are necessary to prevent the introduction of these pests into countries where they are not...
Field evaluation of irrigated rice double haploid lines to identify high-yield accessions adapted to weed control
January 2025
Weed herbicide resistance threatens the sustainability of the world’s rice. This study aims to select high-yielding and competitive rice genotypes against weeds. It was conducted at the PNSAV-PV research station in Kougouleu. The experimental design was a split plot, with the main factor being the weed regime and the secondary factor comprising fifteen genotypes during two consecutive rainfall seasons. Parameters...
Complementing grow-out test with molecular markers in genetic purity assessment of crop varieties: A systematic review
December 2024
Genetic purity assessment is mandatory for seed certification. Currently, this process is carried out through the grow-out test (GOT), which faces several challenges, including the need for long-term assessment. Limited information on the use of molecular markers in the genetic purity assessment of crops in African countries prompted the purpose of this study. This work presents a review of the available literature on...
Contrasting impacts of the 2-year application of biofertilizers and organic manure on grain yield of winter wheat summer maize cropping system in North China Plain
December 2024
Organic nitrogen and biofertilizers in a mixture with synthetic nitrogen could prove to reduce the cost of production without compromising crop yield with increasing soil organic carbon improvement. The study investigated 2-year incorporation of organic manure and biofertilizers on winter wheat and summer maize in the North China Plain (NCP). The two-year field experiment (2016–2018) has illustrated the responses...
Impact of sweet potato growing methods on the yield of three sweet potato varieties in eastern Zimbabwe
December 2024
A study was conducted to determine the effect of sweet potato growing methods on the yield of three sweet potato varieties. The field experiment took place at Africa University farm in Mutare, Zimbabwe. The trial employed a 5 x 3 factorial design arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with three replicates, blocked against irrigation lines. The five different sweet potato growing methods used were:...
Mixture of herbicides to common bean crops in highlands of Santa Catarina, Brazil
December 2024
The objective of this study were to identify incompatibilities in mixtures of herbicides applied in common bean crops and assess the effects of herbicide interactions on weed control. Experiments I e II were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications, using a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement consisted of four herbicides (applied alone or in combinations) and four evaluation times (0, 1, 2, and...
Evaluation of elemental composition and structural analyses of liquid organic fertilizers from rabbit wastes under different feeding regimes
December 2024
This study aimed at evaluating the elemental composition and structural analysis of liquid organic fertilizers (LOF) produced from rabbit urine and feces under different feeding regimes: forage only, concentrate only, and forage plus concentrate. The rabbit waste was subjected to a three-week fermentation process. The temperature of the rabbit waste treatments decreased over time and remained relatively constant after...
Opportunities and best practices for dryland agriculture in Ethiopia, as coping mechanisms for vulnerabilities: A review
December 2024
Agriculture continues to be a strategic sector in the development of most low-income nations. Despite extreme climate conditions, agriculture plays a major role in the development of the economy, the eradication of poverty, sustainable growth, and the modernization of society in Sub-Saharan Africa. About 75% of Ethiopia’s landmass is categorized as dryland, which is home to approximately one-third of the...
Impact of organo-mineral fertilization, sowing dates and climate variability on yields and water productivity of three improved sorghum cultivars in the Sudanian agroecological zone of Mali
November 2024
Sorghum production in Mali faces challenges, including low soil fertility and climate variability. To assess the effects of management practices (fertilizer types, sowing dates) on biomass and grain yields, as well as water use efficiency (WUE) of grain yield, experiments were conducted at the ICRISAT Samanko and IER N’Tarla research stations. A split-split plot design was used as the experimental design during...
Comparative studies of carbon stocks in cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) plantations and primary forest in southeast Ghana
November 2024
Trees are essential for carbon sequestration, a critical process for mitigating global climate change. Assessing the carbon stock potential of primary forests and cashew plantations is crucial, especially given the considerable degradation of forest resources in southern Ghana. A series of parallel permanent transects each up to 1 km in length and spaced 200 m apart, were established across different land use types,...
Selection of cowpea (vigna unguiculata l. Walp) tolerant genotypes to hydric stress by drought indices of tolerance in Burkina Faso
November 2024
Over the last decade, there has been a gradual growth in cowpea production in Burkina Faso due to its significant income generation for farmers, processors, and traders. However, despite the increasing interest in cultivating this crop, yields are still low due to various constraints, including drought. During drought periods cowpea productivity and growth are significantly reduced. This study was conducted to evaluate...
Characterization of soil fertility management practices under greater nightshade cropping systems in South Benin
November 2024
This study aimed to characterize cropping systems of greater nightshade (Solanum macrocarpon) in the market garden areas located along the coastal zone in the South. Socio-economic profile of producers, soil fertility management practices, constraints and nuisances related to the use of organic fertilizers, as well as the endogenous solutions desired by producers were collected from 120 producers in the communes of...
Market gardeners' perceptions and practices of pesticide use in eastern Niger: Implications for environmental and health safety
November 2024
Market gardeners heavily rely on pesticides to combat pests and diseases, often neglecting health and environmental safeguards. This study examined farmers' perceptions of current phytosanitary practices and identified potential risks in the eastern oasis of Niger. The methodology included an inventory of pesticides used on crops and socioeconomic surveys of 118 market gardeners across eight oases. Results...
Evaluation of Nigella seed oil effect against oxidant stress during ageing of camel meat
November 2024
The use of aromatic plants as antioxidants helps minimize oxidative rancidity, thereby extending the shelf life and preserving the nutritional quality of foodstuffs, including meat. The antioxidant effect of Nigella sativa L. (commonly known as black seed) oil (NO) on raw camel meat during cold storage was evaluated in this study. Muscle samples (Longissimus dorsi) were collected from 7 male camels (Camelus...
Agronomic and economic evaluations of nutrient source, defoliation intensity and defoliation frequency on the Broccoli head size under rainfed conditions in Rwanda
November 2024
The experiment compared the use of synthetic fertilizers [Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) and urea] with organic fertilizer (goat manure) and defoliation treatments on growth and development of broccoli. The trial was conducted under rainfed conditions in Rwanda using a 2 x 3 x 3 factorial design with three replications. The results showed that synthetic fertilizers (DAP and urea) led to significant increases in various...
Salt and water dynamics of irrigated vertisols cultivated with fodder crop of Echinochloa stagnina in Niger River valley
October 2024
Irrigating Vertisols to produce crops, such as rice, alters its hydrological regime and often degrades the soil, particularly through waterlogging and salinization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the fodder crop Echinochloa stagnina on the salt and water dynamics of saline vertisols, in comparison to an irrigated paddy system in the Niger River valley. The study was conducted in irrigated...
High-analysis fertilizers do affect respective macronutrient concentration in topsoil after wheat harvest while deeper exploration revealed their significant amount
October 2024
Post-fertilization changes in soil macronutrients were explored in three locations on intensively cultivated soils in Ethiopia. Fifteen soil samples before planting and 30 after wheat harvest were collected from middle blocks at five-depth intervals, 120 cm deep pits. After harvest, samples were collected only from control, and full-dose Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Sulfur-Calcium (69:20:18:23 kg/ha, respectively) treated units....
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