March 2019
A review on golden species of Zingiberaceae family around the world: Genus Curcuma
Genus Curcuma has a long history of traditional uses, ranging from folk medicine to its culinary uses. More than 70 species of Curcuma are distributed throughout the world but extensively cultivate in Asian, Australian and Western African counties. Many phytochemical, pharmacological and molecular studies have been conducted on several Curcuma species worldwide. The interest on its medicinal properties have increased...
March 2019
Nutritional status of three sugarcane varieties grown in the northeast region of Brazil
The diagnosis of plant nutritional status was a tool to improve crop fertilization and thus ensure better productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of three sugarcane varieties (RB92579, RB98710 and RB961552) in the plant-cane and first regrowth cycles in the sub-humid region of the state of Alagoas, located in the Northeast of Brazil. The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block...
March 2019
Mathematical modelling of greenhouse drying of red chilli pepper
The purpose of this study was to examine twelve different mathematical models for red pepper plant (Capsicum annum L.) and to investigate the appropriate models of mass fraction (Mt / Mo) in relation to drying time.This study attempted to assess the efficiency and profitability of the drying of red pepper under the plastic tunnel greenhouse and a total of twelve models, including Newton, Page, Improved Page, Henderson...
March 2019
A synthesis of Ethiopian agricultural technical efficiency: A meta-analysis
In Ethiopia, technical efficiency studies started about three decades ago. These studies have reached different conclusions regarding agriculture efficiency based on technical efficiency scores. This study represents the first attempt to use meta-analysis to examine the mean technical efficiency estimates in agriculture in Ethiopia. The current study employed 45 frontier studies published from 1993 to 2014 for the...
March 2019
Development and technical validation of spray kit for coffee harvester
Spraying a coffee plantation simultaneously with harvesting ensures that the coffee plants are protected from pests and diseases, which are intensified during this period. In addition to economical operation, the pulverizer adapted to all harvester models promotes greater uniformity in pulverized syrup dispensing since the spray tips are arranged evenly around the plant. Two experiments were carried out in the...
March 2019
Pig compost for the formation of coffee seedlings in the substrate composition
Pigs can be used in the formation of coffee seedlings; it gradually provides essential nutrients for the development of plants, in addition to promoting the improvement of the substrate and water retention. It was decided, with this work, to evaluate the use of pig compost in the formation of coffee seedlings. The topics studied were: T1 - Witness (absence of organic compound); T2-30% concentration of cattle compost;...
March 2019
Correlation of climatic elements with phases of the lace bug Vatiga illudens (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in two cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae)
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is subject to various disease problems and insect attacks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of climatic elements on the phases of the lacebug, Vatiga illudens in two cultivars of cassava. The study was carried out in a greenhouse using the ‘Sergipana’ and ‘Campina’ cultivars. Data were analyzed using the Pearson index for linear...
March 2019
Comparison of cyanobacterial bio-fertilizer with urea on three crops and two soils of Ethiopia
Although chemical fertilizers have long been used to meet the high demand of nitrogen (N), the most common limiting nutrient to plant growth, the frequent use of this fertilizer gradually deteriorates soil fertility in addition to its high cost, lower supply and agronomic use efficiency in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, N-fixing cyanobacterial biofertilizers are eco-friendly, and currently considered important to support the...
March 2019
Genetic variation and heritability of kernel physical quality traits and their association with selected agronomic traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogeae) genotypes from Uganda
Breeding for improvement of physical kernel traits has a direct implication on acceptance of groundnut varieties. However, the genetic parameters associated with these traits are not well documented. Ten groundnut lines were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design experiment with three replicates in 2015. Data were collected on yield parameters and pod and kernel physical traits. Mean values were used to...
March 2019
Evaluation of the effectiveness of different trap designs for the monitoring of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blackberry crop
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii is one of the most important pests in berry crops around the world. In this study, different models of traps were evaluated for monitoring adult SWD. The study was conducted in a commercial blackberry orchard of the cultivar Chester, in the municipality of Vacaria, RS, Brazil in May 2016. The treatments consisted of three trap designs, namely the European model...
March 2019
Analysis of factors affecting the demand for inorganic fertilizer in Boricha and Wondogenet Districts, Southern Ethiopia
A study was undertaken to analyze factors affecting the demand for inorganic fertilizer in Boricha and Wondogenet farming Districts, Southern Ethiopia. Data on gender, educational level, farming experience, health status, soil fertility status, organic fertilizer used, access to inorganic fertilizer, ownership and size of cultivated farm, on-farm income, contact with DAs, availability of certified seed, and credit...
February 2019
Potential use of rhizobium for vegetable crops growth promotion
The system of vegetable crops production required large amounts of mineral fertilizers. One of the possible alternatives to assure the economic and environmental sustainability of this production system would be the use of promoting growth plant rhizobacteria (PGPR). However, care is needed to select a microorganism to be used in crops that are usually consumed raw, so human health is not at risk. It was important to...
February 2019
Effect of foliar application of iron on seasonal changes of some physical and chemical properties in berries of Halwani Lebanon grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.)
A field experiment was conducted in 2009 and 2010 growing seasons, to study the effect of foliar application of iron- chelated "Fe-EDTA" (0, 100 and 200 mg.l-1) on the seasonal dynamic of some physical and chemical properties of berries of Halwani Lebanon grape cultivar, grown on a calcareous soil in Mosul region, Iraq. The results revealed that the foliar application of 100 mgFe.l-1 caused a significant...
February 2019
Seed germination of seeds preserved for about 20 years and that of seeds preserved for several years
From the herbage seeds, only alfalfa (Medicago sativa) showed about 3 - 5% germination ratio for 20 years old seeds. The results are consistent with that of Park and Kim (2009). No germination was observed from the other herbage species, but the decay of seeds were observed sometimes. However, the vegetable seeds preserved for several years showed high germination ratios. In conclusion, older seeds generally germinate a...
February 2019
Malt Barley (Hordeum distichon L.) varieties performance evaluation in North Shewa, Ethiopia
Malt barley is the most important cereal crop grown in highland parts of Ethiopia. Even though Ethiopia has favorable environment and potential market opportunity, the share of malting barley production is quite low (about 15%) as compared to food barley. One reason for low production is the use of low yielding varieties. The present investigation was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three...
February 2019
Calibration and validation of CERES-wheat in DSSAT model for yield simulation under future climate in Adet, North Western Ethiopia
Crop models are highly useful for simulating crop and soil processes in response to variations in climate and crop management. However, well estimated crop genetic coefficients are required. So the purpose of this study is to calibrate and evaluate the performance of CERES-wheat model and to simulate the climate change impacts on phonological stages and grain yield of bread wheat (Tay and Senkegna varieties) in the...
February 2019
Enhancing agricultural sustainability and productivity under changing climate conditions through improved agroforestry practices in smallholder farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa
Fighting climate change and its nefarious effects is at the forefront of the United Nations’ SDGs, agenda 2030. This comes at a time when the global climate is changing rapidly owing to increasing concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere resulting principally from fossil fuel combustion and agricultural lands taking the place of tropical forests. Climate change...
February 2019
Evaluation of improved potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties for some quality attributes at Shebench Woreda of Bench-Maji Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
In Ethiopia, potato sub-sector is expanding, with more value added products, such as potato chips, mainly due to increasing demands associated with growth of population and urbanization. Processing industry is very dependent on the quality parameters of tuber to satisfy the increasing demand of customers. Thus, this experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the quality of some improved potato varieties at...
February 2019
Involving small holder farmers in the agricultural land use planning process using Analytic Hierarchy Process in rice farming systems of Kilombero Valley, Tanzania
Despite the truth that the agricultural land use planning exercises have so far covered small and fragmented part of the African continent, the involvement of farmers who are among the direct beneficiaries of the outputs have been limited. This work demonstrates the contributions of farmers on the land use planning process for rice production in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. Analytic hierarchic process (AHP) was used to...
February 2019
Boosting self-sufficiency in maize crop production in Osisioma Ngwa Local Government with internet of things (IOT)-climate messaging: A model
The cultivation of maize round the year is a great challenge to both subsistence and mechanized farmers in Abia State owing to the changes in climatic conditions especially precipitation, relative humidity, and temperature during the two traditional seasons, which affect the growth and yield of the cereal crop. This paper is the first of a two-part study aimed to evolving an internet-based remote monitoring and...
February 2019
Genetic variability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes under sole and maize-bean cropping systems in Bako, Western Oromia, Ethiopia
Knowledge of the sources and magnitude of variability among genotypes plays a pivotal role in any crop improvement program to maximize gains from selection. This experiment was conducted at Bako Agricultural Research Center in 2011 cropping season with the objective of studying and estimating the extent of genetic variability in common bean genotypes under sole and mixed cropping systems. Meanwhile, the wider range of...
February 2019
Fungal endophytes in bananas cv Manzano affected by Fusarium
Endophytes microorganisms have the potential to control vascular diseases caused by Fusarium spp. which does not have an effective chemical control. In this study, endophytes populations present in Manzano -apple bananas- affected by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 1 were studied. Endophytes were isolated in two commercial farms in Urabá-Colombia, taking leaf, pseudostem, corm and root tissues from healthy...
February 2019
Selection of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes based on agro-morphological traits in Angola
The aim of the present study is to select superior cassava genotypes based on agro-morphological traits using three non-parametric indices and to correlate them in order to verify the degree of agreement between them. Traits such as number of branches, plant height, stem diameter, distance between internodes, height of the first branch, number of roots, root diameter, root length, shoot yield and root yield in...
February 2019
Effect of different doses of Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen fertilizer in wheat crop
The objective of the present work is to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen combined with different doses of A. brasilense in the agronomic characteristics of wheat. The experiment was conducted in Curuguaty, Paraguay in 2017 and the variety used was Canindé 11. The experimental design is a completely randomized block with factorial ordering and four repetitions. The treatments are a combination...
February 2019
Photosynthetic profiles and nutrimental characterization of yellow mango in Mexico
Worldwide, Mexico represents the first exporter of mango. However, in recent years mango exports have decreased by 29 points due to a change in the preference of the American market; hence, it is essential to diversify the supply of mangoes exports. Measurement of the net photosynthesis response and internal CO2 concentrations can provide data on important parameters of the physiology of a variety; these have been...
February 2019
Use of vegetable oils in the control of Colletotrichum sp. in banana fruits
Anthracnose is a disease caused by the fungus of the genus Colletotrichum. It is considered an important post-harvest disease in fruits of banana (Musa sp.) which depreciates the commercial value of the fruit. The use of vegetable oils to control fungal growth and disease progression in plants is an important alternative to minimize the deleterious effects of toxic chemicals. Studies were carried out to evaluate the...
February 2019
Maize-lupine intercrop response to applied nitrogen and phosphorus in North-Western Ethiopia
Maize (Zea mays) is a major staple crop in North-Western Ethiopia. Narrow leaf lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) grain is a commercial concentrates for livestock feed. Maize-lupine intercropping is a sustainable and emerging crop production approach for the resource poor smallholder farmers of North-Western Ethiopia; however, there is no recommended fertilizer rate for the intercrop. Therefore, field experiment was...
February 2019
Growth of parica seedlings (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) cultivated in different organic substrates
The forest plantations depends on appropriate initial seedling establishment, which occurs when primary factors (water, light, CO2 and nutrients) are within appropriate ranges. The purpose this study was to evaluate the growth of young parica plants (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) grown in different organic substrates (chicken manure, goat manure and organic matter) in proportions of 5, 10, 15 and 20% in yellow...
February 2019
Virulence and characterization of isolates of potato bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) in Rwanda
Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) is one of the major potato diseases in Rwanda. An in vitro study was carried out to identify and characterize the pathogen isolated from three potato cultivars (Kinigi, Kirundo and Gikungu) in Rwanda. This was achieved by cultural and morphological tests on triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) and casamino peptone glucose (CPG) agar as well as biochemical tests through Gram...
February 2019
An assessment of adaptation options enhancing smallholder farmers’ resilience to climate variability and change: Case of Mbengwi Central Sub-Division, North-West Region of Cameroon
Farmers’ implementation of suitable adaptation measures in the face of climate variability and change (CVC) depends first and foremost on their ability to perceive CVC. This paper analyzes the adaptation measures implemented by smallholder farmers (SHFs) in Mbengwi Central Sub-Division, North-West Region of Cameroon in the face of CVC as well as the determinants of smallholder farmers’ choice of adaptation...
February 2019
Comparison of bioslurry to common nitrogen sources on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield and yield components in andisols and oxisols of Northern Rwanda
This study evaluated the effect of bioslurry from on-farm biogas production units and other sources of nitrogen fertilizer on Irish potato yield and yield components in northern Rwanda. To achieve this, an on-farm experiment was undertaken in the Andisols of Musanze District and the Oxisols of Gicumbi District in 2012. Three farms were selected to host the study in each District. Six treatments were randomly tested in...
February 2019
Biomass accumulation and potassium concentrations in tissue of Teff (Eragrostis tef Zucc. Trotter) at three growth stages in Vertisols and Nitisols of the Central Highlands of Ethiopia
Understanding the physiology and time-course of above ground biomass (AGBM) and potassium (K) accumulation pattern in plants and removal from soil is essential to simultaneously increase crop yield and synchronize K demand and K supply, thereby predict crop yield. It is also an essential criterion for optimizing fertilizer practices, and may help to enhance soil and crop quality. A pot experiment was conducted using...
February 2019
Isotopic signature of the relation between environment and the quality of spatial coffee
The intrinsic quality of the Bourbon cultivar is well known for a high level of sweetness, intense aroma and pleasant acidity. With the evident relationship between product quality and the environment in mind, the need arises for scientific studies to provide a foundation for discrimination of product origin. Given this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of stable isotopes in discrimination of...
February 2019
Osmotic stress in Chenopodium quinoa Willd.: Variations in osmoprotectants at different phenological stages
Chenopodium quinoa Willd. is an edible crop plant adapted to the climatic conditions of the South American Andes, where it thrives under extreme environmental conditions such as saline soils, drought, high UV radiation and broad temperature fluctuations. The prolonged exposure of this crop to high salinity and low relative humidity has promoted the development of efficient mechanisms to retain water within the...
February 2019
Different dry matters content used for the conservation of annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in anaerobic environment
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is widely used for feeding ruminants, and the conservation of this material as haylage can be an alternative to farms. The aim of this work is to study the nutritional and microbiological value of annual ryegrass (L. multiflorum Lam.) pre-dried and stored with different dry matter contents (250, 350, 450, 550, 650 and 750 g kg-1) in anaerobic environment. The experimental design...
January 2019
Effects of reduced spacing on maize productivity, CO2 assimilation and gas exchange
The objective of this study is to evaluate the interference of reduced spacing in the physiological and characteristics production components of maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). Four line spacings (95, 80, 60 and 40 cm) were tested using three commercial hybrids (H1, H2 and H3) in Senador Guiomard, Acre, Brazil. The experimental design of randomized complete blocks was used in subdivided plots. The experiment lasted four...
January 2019
Management and organization of shina-hamusit and selamko irrigation schemes to preliminary assessment in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
The utilization of small-scale irrigation schemes plays a significant role in addressing food security problems as a supplementary with rain-fed or irrigation agriculture in the basin and as a whole in the country. The conveyance efficiency values at Shina-Hamusit was 73%, while at Selamko it was 59%. These values showed that the conveyance loss is huge in both irrigation schemes, especially at Selamko that has canals...
January 2019
Nutrient cycling in multifunctional agroecosystems with the use of plant cocktail as cover crop and green manure in the semi-arid
Plant cocktails used as cover crop present a significant multifunctional resource compared to monoculture, which may increase functional diversity within crop rotation and is particularly effective for designing mixtures with characteristics that increase the multifunctionality and sustainability of the agroecosystem. The objective was to evaluate sustainable agroecosystems models that improve the efficiency of nutrient...
January 2019
Socio-economic aspects related to feeding resources and practices in selected intensive dairy farms in Central Ethiopia
Dairy cattle productivity is affected by many factors such as genetics, infectious diseases, husbandry and diet. Fodder resources, fodder availability and feeding strategies were assessed by means of questionnaires and interviews in seventeen dairy farms in Addis Ababa, Sendafa and Debre Zeit. Nutrient content was analyzed from hay sample. The farms were categorized as small, medium or large. Nutrient content, as well...
January 2019
Efficiency of Trichoderma asperellum UFT 201 as plant growth promoter in soybean
Filamentous fungi of the genus Trichoderma are known for their activity as plant growth promoters. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the Trichoderma asperellum UFT 201 strain as a plant growth promoter in soybean. The ability of phosphate solubilization, indole acetic acid synthesis and the effect on soybean plant growth under greenhouse conditions were evaluated in four experiments. In vitro...
January 2019
Performance of garlic cultivars under rain-fed cultivation practice at South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important edible bulbous crop with unique culinary and medicinal purposes. It is a major cash crop widely cultivated in Libokemkem and other districts of South Gondar zone of Amhara Region in Ethiopia. However, productivity of garlic in Ethiopia in general and in South Gondar Zone in particular is very low largely due to the use of unimproved local cultivars and traditional cultural...
January 2019
Women involvement in the fishery activities of two coastal communities in Sierra Leone
Women make up an important part of the fishing sector and play critical roles, particularly, in small-scale fisheries and increasingly in capture fishing and other activities. However, the roles of women are often undervalued due to the lack of attention to gender roles in fisheries, especially in Africa. This research was therefore motivated to investigate the roles of women in two coastal communities of Sierra Leone....
January 2019
Management of the nematode of the nodule of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) with extracts in a biospace condition
For the management of the nematode of Meloidogyne incognita nodule in plants of Solanum lycopersicum L., the effectiveness of plant extracts: Ruta graveolens, Eucalyptus spp., Ocimum basilicum, Acacia farnesiana, and Nicotiana tabacum, and as a control fungus Paecilomyces lilacinus 6.5x1013 UFC/g were used. For each treatment, 5000 nematodes J2 of M. incognita/plant were used. The extracts were applied per intervals of...
January 2019
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) production practices and constraints in major production regions of Ethiopia
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the second among fruit crops in Ethiopia in its production coverage and economical importance. However, compared to the countries’ potential, it is at the infant stage. This study was conducted to identify the main mango cultivars, production practices and constraints in east and western Ethiopia in 2016. Study areas were selected purposively based on their extensive mango...
January 2019
Food Barley Land races Characterization in the Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia
Barley is an important crop for the North Gondar highlands of Amhara Region, Ethiopia. To assess the characterization of barley landraces, 180 farmers from six villages in three districts of north Gondar zone were selected and surveyed. With regard to distribution status, most of the recorded landraces of barley were endangered. The main end uses of barley in the study area were kolo, beso, tela, injera, korefe, kita...
January 2019
Growth and yield performance of selected upland and lowland rainfed rice varieties grown in farmers’ and researchers’ managed fields at Ifakara, Tanzania
Bridging the yield gaps is of major concern to rice breeders and agronomists under rainfed rice cultivation. The yield performance of lowland and upland rainfed rice varieties was investigated in farmers’ and researchers’ field conditions at four locations in Ifakara. Selected agronomic practices namely; recommended fertilizer (80 kgN/ha), spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm, weed free fields and high yielding...
January 2019
Organic amendments applied to a degraded soil: Short term effects on soil quality indicators
Low agricultural productivity is a threat to achieving global food security. Improving productivity of degraded soils is key to achieving sustainable food production. This study investigated the effects of four organic amendments (OAs) (Mushroom Compost, MC; PAS-100 compost, PAS; Anaerobic Digestate Solid Waste, AD_SW; and Poultry Manure, PM), applied at 10 t ha-1 and 30 t ha-1 on the physical, chemical and biological...
January 2019
Crop abiotic stresses and nutrition of harvested food crops: A Review of impacts, interventions and their effectiveness
In tandem with the accelerating effects of climate change, efforts to increase agricultural productivity to feed the growing population are still being extensively rolled out in Africa. That notwithstanding, a large population in the continent remains food and nutrition insecure; rendering malnutrition the biggest public health challenge. Coupled with the increased incidences of abiotic stresses, developing countries...
January 2019
Characterization of Pico Island (Azores) wood-pastures
Wood-pastures are gaining importance in various parts of the planet, either for their role in combating desertification, protecting endemic faunas and flora, or their role in animal welfare or nutritional value in all year round grazing systems. On Pico Island and on other islands in the Azores, farmers have been using tree pastures for a long time, especially in the winter, when there is a shortage of grass and the...
January 2019
Genetic diversity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) accessions collected from Sudan and IRRI using SSR markers
The assessment of genetic diversity of the traditional rice varieties or landraces is an essential component in germplasm characterization and conservation to identify potential parents. In the present study SSR markers (588 SSR markers) were used for the assessment of genetic diversity and relatedness among 31 rice accessions. These included 18 accessions from Sudan and 13 from IRRI. Among the SSR markers used only 483...
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