November 2018
Structural and productive characteristics of Cowpea (Vigna ungiculata) under different water availabilities
The cowpea has stood out on the national scene, opening up new perspectives and applications of a more suitable management to ensure quality product. Therefore, it is important to know the responsiveness to the levels of deficit and excess water in the soil. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the initial development of cowpea plants subjected to different soil water availabilities. The experiment was...
November 2018
Constraints to private seed sector development in Ethiopia: A case study
The purpose of this assessment was to identify, analyse and document major policies, laws, regulations, administrative practices, governance and institutional setups that constrained private seed sector investment in Ethiopia and identify evidence based alternative solutions to improve the supply of certified seed to small holder farmers and livelihoods in the country. The study was conducted in 2017 in Oromia, Amhara,...
November 2018
Introduction of the Sub1 gene into the Russian rice varieties using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods
Selection done using molecular markers has spread to all types of agricultural plants and animals. Marker assisted selection (MAS) is safe for ecology and food products consumed. The purpose of the study is to develop Sub1A gene (which determines tolerance to prolonged flooding) in the Russian rice varieties using DNA-markers and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. A large volume of pre-breeding rice material...
November 2018
The use of plant extracts in anthracnose control in species of Helconia (Heliconia psittacorum cv. Golden Torch and Heliconia rostrata)
The objective of the present study was to assess the anti-fungal activity of medicinal plant extracts on inhibition of Colletotrichum gloesporioides mycelial growth, sporulation and germination and on anthracnose control in Heliconia psitacorum cv. Golden Torch and Heliconia rostrata. Extracts of garlic, lemon grass, cinnamon, lemon balm, eucalyptus, ginger, mint, bitter melon and black pepper were used. The, mycelial...
November 2018
Pre-inoculation of soybean seeds: Effects on survival of Bradyrhizobium elkanii, nodulation and crop yield
Pre-inoculation of soybean seeds with Bradyrhizobium spp. associated with polymers could be an alternative to the conventional inoculation performed at the day of sowing. The objectives of this study were i) to determine whether the HiCoat® technology (peat inoculant + liquid inoculant + polymer) allows the survival of B. elkanii after storage of the inoculated seeds, and ii) to evaluate whether the...
November 2018
Comparative assessment of the fumigant action of volatile oils from three garlic cultivars on faba bean beetle Bruchidius incarnatus (Boh.)
The study aims to assess the insecticidal activity, oviposition inhibitory and ovicidal effects of volatile oils from different garlic cultivars on faba bean beetle, Bruchidius incarnatus (Boh.) (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). The oils were tested at various concentrations and time intervals. Results showed that all volatile oils caused significant mortality to the test insects. The effects were time and dose-related....
November 2018
Screening of allelopathic activity of common weed species occurring in agricultural fields
The investigation of allelopathic effects of different plant species is important to prevent serious crop losses that would arise. The usage of such materials as mulch, cover crops or residues will be useful to implement in integrated weed management strategies of agricultural fields. Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the allelopathic effect of selected plant species using seedlings growth of lettuce...
November 2018
Multi-criteria decision system for greenhouse site selection ın Lower Euphrates Basin using geographic ınformation systems (GIS)
Greenhouses have become quite a sought-after agricultural sector due to government support and private company preferences in recent years in Turkey. Greenhouse activities are only limited to Mediterranean and Aegean regions of Turkey and it is not much preferred in the inner regions. Due to these regions being preferred by people, mainly as tourism and settlement areas, it has become essential to find new areas for...
November 2018
Agromorphological traits variation in local sorghum varieties from the North region of Burkina Faso and identification of some interest traits
The aim of the study was to assess the agromorphological diversity of 150 local sorghum varieties collected from 13 villages of the North region of Burkina Faso, in order to understand the dynamics of diversity and to identify interest gene pools for varietal improvement. The varieties were characterized from 2017 to 2018 at INERA Saria Research Station in the North-Sudanian zone (700-900 mm of rainfall). The...
November 2018
Effectiveness of combining certain biotechnical methods with thymol treatment against Varroa destructor infestation
In this study, the effectiveness of combining various biotechnical methods with thymol was investigated against the mite, Varroa destructor during late summer. Experimental colonies were randomly selected and six study groups were formed with nine colonies in each group. Experimental colonies were created as follows: colonies of renewed queen bees (RQ); colonies in which the queen is trapped on one comb, but worker bees...
November 2018
Effects of tillage practices, cropping systems and organic inputs on soil nutrient content in Machakos County
Low use efficiencies of inorganic fertilizers coupled with their rising costs has diverted attention of farmers towards organic sources. A study was conducted in Yatta sub-county between October 2012 to February 2013 short rains and April-August 2013 long rainy seasons to evaluate how tillage, cropping and organic inputs influenced soil nutrient status. A randomized complete block design with a split-split plot...
November 2018
Chemical and biological managment of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) disease in irrigated common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivation
The aim of this work was to study the effect of fungicides and biological agents on the control of white mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in common beans (cv. Pérola). Nine treatments were applied in six blocks (54 experimental units) using a randomized block design (RBD). The treatments were: T1 (control); T2, Bacillus subtilis strain QST 713 (4 L / ha); T3, B. subtilis strain QST 713 (4L / ha); T4, B. subtilis...
November 2018
Impact of irrigation adoption on rural farmer’s welfare in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: A propensity score matching approach
The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of irrigation adoption on farmer’s welfare measured by consumption expenditure and food consumption pattern. The paper was based on cross sectional farm household data collected in 2015 from a sample of 200 households in rural Eastern Cape of South Africa. The study used a stratified random sampling method to select farming households from three district...
November 2018
Correlation and path coefficient analysis in mid-altitude sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm collection of Ethiopia
The current investigation was aimed to study the genetic association of seed yield and its components in 81 mid-altitude sesame accessions based on morphological traits. The genotypes were evaluated in 9 × 9 simple lattice design at Melkassa Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia, during the 2014 cropping season. The study mainly focused on determining the nature and extent of phenotypic and genotypic correlation...
November 2018
OsHKT1;3 gene sequence polymorphisms and expression profile in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Rice is sensitive to salt stress, but its sensitivity varies among genotypes, indicating natural variation in regulatory mechanisms and genetic makeup. High-affinity potassium transporters (HKTs) that transport cations across membranes play important roles in stress responses of plants. In this study, the gene sequence polymorphisms and expression level of OsHKT1;3 which is a member of the rice HKT gene family was...
November 2018
Genetic diversity of rhizobia and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria of soil under the influence of Piliostigma reticulatum (DC.) Hochst and their impact on shrub growth
Piliostigma reticulatum shrub is a native legume found in fallow areas in dry and semi-dry savanna soil and is used in intercropping systems. The aim was to understand the functioning of the rhizosphere, particularly the involvement of symbiotic and free living-N fixing bacteria. Soil extracts collected from P. reticulatum roots were sampled in two contrasting areas and endophytic bacterial communities were isolated...
November 2018
Sweetpotato seed exchange systems and knowledge on sweetpotato viral diseases among local farmers in Acholi Sub Region-Northern Uganda
Viral infections greatly limit sweetpotato yields. Good farming practices are critical for effective disease management. 383 Ugandan farmers were surveyed to document symptom incidence, crop-management practices, and buyer preferences. Results showed that 89.27% farmers grow sweet potatoes yearly and 62.76% of these farmers were female. A total of 56.83% farmers obtained vine seeds from their previous gardens, 25.85%...
November 2018
Water excess in different phenological stages of canola cultivars
The objective of this study was to determine the stage of development with greater sensitivity to water excess and the period of time required to compromise the emergence and grain yield components of canola. The experiments were performed in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Santa Maria and at the Farroupilha Federal Institute, Campus of São Vicente do Sul, RS during the 2015 agricultural year. The...
November 2018
Effects of biochar on carbon pool, N mineralization, microbial biomass and microbial respiration from mollisol
Biochar incorporation as a soil amendment has been shown to enhance soil quality. However, there has been conflicting reports on its short term effects on C and N mineralization and microbial biomass. An incubation experiment was conducted to determine the effects of three different levels (0.5, 1 and 2%) of biochar on carbon mineralization, soil organic carbon, nitrogen mineralization, microbial biomass and total...
November 2018
Economics and variety adoption of tuberose: A farm level survey in Bangladesh
qqqQ1`Recently, Bangladesh Government has incorporated flowers in its export policy. Flowers can be a source of earning huge foreign currency if established as a traditional export item. Using cross-sectional data obtained from a survey conducted during 2016/2017, gross margin analysis was used to calculate cost and returns for double (HYV) and single varieties tuberose farmers and multiple regressions for conducting...
November 2018
Effects of cutting length, time and growing media on the sprouting of dormant semi-hardwood cuttings of pomegranate cv. Wonderful
Scientific confirmation of the traditionally known health benefits of pomegranates caused a tremendous increase in the consumption and production of this highly valuable fruit tree. Reproduction of pomegranate plants with seeds shows great variability in tree vigour and fruit quality. Cuttings is one of the most successful and preferred methods for the propagation of pomegranates. It is easy, quick, economic and most...
November 2018
Preliminary survey of foliar maize diseases in North Western Ethiopia
In Ethiopia, maize is the staple food and one of the main sources of calories particularly in the major maize producing-regions of the country. Survey was conducted to determine the prevalence, incidence and severity of foliar maize diseases in North Gondar Zone. A total of 150 farmers’ fields were randomly sampled from five districts (Chilga, Gondar zuria, Takussa, Metema and Dembia) in North Gondar Zone of...
November 2018
Organic matter and maize straw influence on soil moisture in an Oxisol under different tillages
Cultivation system is one of the main parameters inherent to soil water dynamics. Studies indicate that in soil conservation systems, such as no-tillage and crop-livestock integration, soil quality is maintained and even improved due to higher input of organic matter and straw kept on the soil surface. Thereby, the aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the spatial variation of maize straw and organic matter...
November 2018
Influence of cytoplasmic genetic male sterility in the grain yield of maize hybrids
One of the main barriers to the production of hybrid maize seeds consists of needing detasseling of female parent in order to avoid contamination with unwanted pollen. This activity is a laborious practice, which makes the production more expensive and promotes productive losses. Thus, the use of cytoplasmic genetic male sterility can facilitate the hybridization process, and consequently, the production of hybrid...
November 2018
Groundwater quality monitoring for agriculture irrigated in Catolé Do Rocha, Paraíba State, Brazil
The electrical conductivity and of cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ and K+) and anions (Cl-, CO32-, HCO3- and SO42) contents of the water an Amazon well, from State University of Paraíba, Catolé do Rocha city, Paraíba State, Brazil, located in the semi-arid region of the Brazilian High Sertão were evaluated monthly from January to December of year 2017. Despite the increase in electrical conductivity...
November 2018
Performance and farmers selection criteria Evaluation of Improved Bread Wheat Varieties
Bread wheat is one of the most important cereal crops of the world and a staple food for about one third of the world’s population and is a major cereal crop in Ethiopia. One of the major challenges in improving food security is to develop varieties that are adapted to specific environment and farmers’ needs. Field trials were conducted at two locations, Hitosa (Sero-Anketo kebele) and Limu Bilbilo...
November 2018
Competitiveness of Brazilian soybean exports
The objective of this article was to analyze the indicators of competitiveness in the foreign trade of Brazilian soybean from the year 2004 to 2014. The problem under study deals with the competitiveness of this commodity in the international market. The applied methodology initially used the descriptive statistics, seeking to demonstrate through tables and graphs the evolution of the soybean exports in the...
November 2018
Factors affecting adoption of sustainable soil management practices among vegetable producers in Dhading, Nepal
A research was conducted using primary data for the year 2012 obtained from randomly selected 120 vegetable farmers using pre-tested semi-structured interview schedule. Nalang and Salang VDCs of Dhading district in Nepal were purposively selected for the study. Different variables were fed to probit regression model to identify and quantify the major factors affecting the adoption of sustainable soil management...
November 2018
Seed-priming of sorghum with antifungal extracts from Balanites aegyptiaca and Eclipta alba in different agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso
Seed-priming of sorghum with an aqueous extract from the herbal plant, Eclipta alba has previously been found to increase crop yield of sorghum in Burkina Faso dependent on field location. In the present study, a 2.5% w/v antifungal extract from the desert tree, Balanites aegyptiaca, was similarly shown to increase the yield of sorghum by seed treatment. The effect was compared to the effect of E. alba extract on...
November 2018
Estimating of rainfall soil losses in Oltu Anzav Watershed
Erosion is a key factor for sustainability of land management. This study aimed to determine the spatial distribution of estimated total soil loss amount and erosion severity in the Oltu Anzav Watershed located in the East of Anatolia, Turkey. This study was conducted by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based on Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) method. Topsoil samples (0-30 cm) were collected in...
November 2018
Farmers’ perceptions, practices and proposals for improving agricultural productivity in South Sudan
This study was carried out to establish farmers’ perceptions regarding low agricultural productivity and to document their ideas for improving the performance of agriculture sector in South Sudan. The results reveal that the major challenges related to low agricultural productivity as perceived by farmers include poor leveling of fields, poor irrigation management, low water availability, loss of land due to...
October 2018
Determinants of rice farmers’ access to credit in Benin: A case study of the municipality of Glazoue
This study aims to identify the factors that limit the accessibility of rice farmers to credit in Benin. Data were collected from 120 randomly selected rice households in the municipality of Glazoue. The logit dichotomous model was used to analyze the data and various statistics were produced for this purpose using the Stata 13 software. The results of prediction model show that the model has a high predictive power and...
October 2018
Productivity of pigeon pea and maize rotation system in Balaka District, Southern Malawi
In Malawi, some parts of the country, such as Balaka District in Southern Malawi, are particularly prone to erratic rains with poor soil productivity. In the 2015/2016 rainy season some learning centres (LCs) focusing on pigeon-pea (Cajanus cajan) – maize (Zea mays L) rotations were established in four sections of Ulongwe Agriculture Extension Planning Area (EPA) in Balaka District to enhance soil fertility,...
October 2018
Productivity and profitability on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L) and maize (Zea mays L) in a semi-arid area of southern Malawi
In many parts of Malawi, including Balaka district in Southern Malawi, are prone to erratic rains with poor soil productivity and famer practices. A research and outreach project was initiated in October 2015 to establish learning centres (LCs) of groundnut: maize rotations as an entry point to diversify nutrition and income base of smallholder farmers, while building up on soil fertility for increased resilience to...
October 2018
The influence of essential amino acid in the chick’s diet interferes in the weight gain
One of the attributes of amino acid lysine is to manufacture muscle protein, as it is a physiologically essential amino acid for immunity, development and production in birds. This study evaluates the influence of several levels of the essential amino acid lysine for chicks, with age of about 504 hours, maintained at a temperature of approximately 29 degrees Celsius. The basal diet contained 21.0% crude protein and...
October 2018
Caffeic acid as a preservative that extends shelf-life and maintains fruit quality of mulberries during cold storage
Fruits can be easily infected and damaged by microbes. Cold storage is a popular approach used to extend the shelf-life of fruits. In this paper, the effect of caffeic acid on physiological parameters and shelf-life of mulberries (Morus alba L.) stored for 21 days at 4°C was evaluated. The results showed that the shelf-life was significantly improved in the mulberries treated with the different concentrations of...
October 2018
Impacts of food production, consumption fluctuations and marketing on food prices volatility in the Sudan: Evidences from Gadarif State
This study aimed to investigate the impacts of fluctuations in agricultural production, consumption and marketing bottlenecks on main food prices in Gadarif State, east of Sudan in the period of 1996 to 2011. On the supply side, an adjusted Nerlovian model of supply response was used to calculate elasticities of prices of selected agricultural products. On the consumption side, the distribution of the agricultural...
October 2018
Economics of aflatoxin control in maize production among smallholder farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
In Africa, the prevalence of aflatoxin contamination in agricultural production places the stability of food security at risk. This study investigated the socio-economic characteristics of farmers; assessed the prevalence of aflatoxin in maize production; identified the aflatoxin control practices used; and estimated the net returns to users and non-users of the control practices. A multistage sampling procedure was...
October 2018
Sensitivity stability and fitness of Botrytis cinerea isolates to captan
The present study investigated the sensitivity and stability of Botrytis cinerea isolates collected from vineyards to captan. To determine the stability of sensitivity to captan, B. cinerea isolates on fungicide-free potato dextrose agar (PDA) was evaluated after 15 culture cycles. In some isolates with reduced sensitivity to captan, EC50 value of the isolates did not change compared to that of isolates that were...
October 2018
Technical and water use efficiency estimation of adopters and non-adopters of pressurized irrigation systems among hazelnut farmers
Water demand is continuously increasing worldwide parallel with the growing population. Because agriculture is considered as a significant water consumption sector, water demand in this sector may be reduced by improving water use efficiency to make farming more irrigated and sustainable. This study was planned to estimate the technical and water use efficiency of hazelnut growers in Carsamba district of Samsun, Turkey....
October 2018
Intra- and inter-specific interference between slender amaranth and red pepper
Competition interferes with the growth and development of plants, whether of the same species or not. The aim of this work is to evaluate the intra-specific interference of slender amaranth plants (Amaranthus viridis) at different densities and distances, and in an inter-specific interaction with red pepper (Capsicum baccatum var. pendulum). The experiment was conducted in four replications and in a randomized complete...
October 2018
Statistical analysis of impact of climate change on crop potentials productivity on a regional scale in Nigeria
Yield improvement is the main aim of all agricultural activities. Therefore, it is important to have an idea about the yield that can be produced from a piece of land before investing in it. This work is aimed at analysing the impact of climate change on crop yield potential and predicting the crop yield potential in six geo political zones in Nigeria using global solar radiation as the only limiting factor of...
October 2018
Use of artificial neural networks to assess yield projection and average production of eucalyptus stands
Eucalyptus stands growth depends on genotype, age, quality of the local soil and silvicultural treatment. Environmental factors, mainly the water availability to plants throughout the years, temperature and solar radiation are relevant to production capacity. The models used in Brazil to stimulate the future production of forestry stands are those that estimate growth and/or production according to age, basal area and...
October 2018
Does zinc uptake relate well with differential zinc efficiency of barley genotypes?
To some extent, differential zinc (Zn) efficiency of cereals, particularly differences between species may be attributed to phytosiderophores (PSs) release and inorganic Zn (Zn2+) uptake; however, the discrepancies within a given species are still under discussion. Moreover, studies on the explanations of differential Zn efficiencies of barleys are limited. That is why using two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars...
October 2018
Effect of Anacardium occidentale, Ricinus communis and Spirulina sp. on the diets of broiler chickens
The use of antibiotics as a growth promoter was banned because of residues that are left in animal products. Alternatives to antibiotics that promote animal growth and health without leaving residues in food are being sought. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of a commercial mixture of functional oils and algae (FOA) on growth and gut morphology in broiler chickens. A total of 224 one day-old Cobb male...
October 2018
Length of the growing season for dry rainfed farming under Monsoon climate in Gedarif, Sudan
Reliable information on the starting and ending of growing season as well as its length will greatly assist in appropriate planning for rainfed agriculture farming practices. The objective of this study is to determine the start, end and length of growing season, based on dependable rainfall during wet (20%), normal (50%) and dry (80%) years, which were retrieved from historical rainfall records analysis of seven...
October 2018
Agronomic efficiency, yield and yield components of food barley response to nitrogen rates after fababean in Emba Alaje, Northern Ethiopia
This study was initiated to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on agronomic efficiency, yield and yield components of barley after faba bean precursor crop. A field experiment was carried out in 2015 main cropping season at district at Ayba and Tek’a kebeles in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications....
October 2018
Water and soil conservation techniques and food security in the northern region of Burkina Faso
Food insecurity is a major challenge facing the rapidly growing population in the sub-Saharan Africa and it is a common feature in the northern region of Burkina Faso. The focus of this study was to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity in the northern region of Burkina Faso after many years of implementation of water and soil conservation techniques. A survey was carried out in six villages in the Northern...
October 2018
Strategic planning of regional oil-and-fat subcomplex of Russia
The purpose of the work is to analyze the trends in the development of the oil-and-fat subcomplex as one of the most important components of the agribusiness of the Russian Federation, and state policy in the strategic planning in this sphere. The materials of the United States Department of Agriculture, the State Statistics Service and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation served as the information...
October 2018
Evaluation of diazotrophic bacteria from rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
The indiscriminate application of nitrogen fertilizer in order to increase rice crop productivity contributes to environmental degradation. One of the possible alternatives to ease up this problem is the use of sustainable and cost-effective technologies such as biofertilizers to promote plant growth. This work aimed to isolate, characterize and select diazotrophic bacteria associated with rice cultivars EPAGRI-109 and...
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