July 2019
Is silicon capable to affect the photosynthetic performance of green maize plants?
Green maize (Zea mays L.) is a cultivated species of significant importance in the agricultural scene. The literature reports that Si has been used as an alternative option for sustainable agricultural systems. We examined the hypothesis that this beneficial element will improve the photosynthetic performance and biological productivity of crop plants, under field conditions, without nutritional stress. In this context,...
July 2019
Genetic variability of yam based on quantitative descriptors
Yam is a promising income source for small producers in the Recôncavo Baiano region. However, few genetic studies have been conducted with this culture. In this sense, the aim of this study was to assess genetic variability among 89 genotypes of yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) collected in four municipalities in Bahia State, Brazil. These were assessed based on eight quantitative descriptors. Data were subjected...
July 2019
Physiological responses of operators to handle vibration of diesel-fueled single-axle tractor
Hand-arm transmitted vibration originating from a 15 horsepower single-axle tractor can be very strong and cause operator fatigue plus various physiological disorders in vascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems. The objective of this work was to measure the characteristics of such hand-transmitted vibrations and its effect on the health of the single-axle tractor operator, in a research program conducted at...
July 2019
Physiological potential of lettuce seeds crespa
The present work aimed to evaluate the germination, emergence, vigor and initial development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars. Nine cultivars belonging to the crespa group, Cinderella, Monica SF 31, Mimosa (Salad Bowl), Veneranda, Brava, Cerbiatta (Catalonha), Itapua Super, Itaúna Prisée, Simpson and Vitória de Verão were used. The experiment was conducted to ensure the accuracy of...
July 2019
Physico-chemical characterization and kinetics of drying of organic yellow bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
The bell pepper has many qualities, but it has a high water content, favoring the occurrence of deteriorating reactions and the growth of microorganisms; however, it is possible to use drying as a conservation method. The objective of this study is to perform the kinetics of organic yellow bell pepper drying at different drying air temperatures, to adjust the data obtained to the empirical models and to evaluate the...
July 2019
Effect of cropping system, seed treatment and planting date on Striga hermonthica infetstaion and growth and yield of sorghum
Striga hermonthica is a serious biotic constraint to sorghum production in sub-Saharan Africa but the use of cropping system, seed treatment and appropriate planting dates might help to control the weed. Two years trial was conducted at the Federal University of Technology Minna research farm. The objective was to evaluate the effect of intercropping system, seed treatment, and planting date in integrated management of...
July 2019
Light effects on growth and essential oil quantity and constituents in some Apiaceae plants
The Apiaceae family known for vegetable crops rich in essential oils, includes numerous genera of high medicinal and economic value. This study investigates the effects of red and far-red light treatments through the dark period (night-break), on the growth characteristics, essential oil quantity and composition, in Coriandrum sativum L., Anethum graveolens L., and Petroselinum crispum. Treatments began 20 days after...
July 2019
Effects of conservation tillage on maize (Zea mays L.) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) chlorophyll, sugars and yields in humic nitisols soils of Embu County, Kenya
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of conservation tillage (CT) practices on leaf chlorophyll content, sugars and yields of Zea mays L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. for two consecutive cropping seasons at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization farm in Embu County, Kenya. The experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with 9 treatments replicated 3 times. The treatments...
July 2019
Enhancing agricultural research within West Africa using sensor-based technologies
The global population of the world is on an exponential increase, expected to surpass 9 billion by the year 2050. This places a huge demand on food securities and the need to address the challenges facing food security. Sensor-based techniques [e.g., Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy] have enhanced the understanding and diagnosis of several disease conditions, including cancers and are increasingly being applied...
July 2019
Chemical attributes of the soil and agronomic characteristics of maize as a monocrop and intercropped with herbaceous and woody legumes in the savannah of Roraima, Brazil
Several studies seek to identify management systems that promote an increase in soil quality. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combinations of herbaceous and woody legumes on the productivity of green maize and the chemical attributes of the soil. The research was developed over two crop years (2016 and 2017). The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks with three replications...
July 2019
Efficiency of Cajanus cajan in different sowing densities on soil compacting
This research conducted in the District of Concepción, Concepción Department, Paraguay, involved the use of a randomized complete block design consisting of four treatments and five repetitions. The general objective was to evaluate the effect of Cajanus cajan L. species with different planting densities on soil compaction and as specific objectives; measure the compaction of the soil at the beginning and...
July 2019
Assessment of pre and post-harvest management practices on coffee (Coffea arabica L.) quality determining factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia
In Gedeo zone, coffee quality is declining from time to time due to several improper pre and post-harvest management practices. Therefore, this study was designed with the objective of assessing impact of pre and post-harvest management practices on Coffea arabica L. quality determining factors in Gedeo zone, Southern Ethiopia. Totally, 90 household respondents were used from three Woredas and selected purposively....
July 2019
Effect of weed management with glyphosate on growth and early yield of young cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Ghana
Weeds are a limitation to cocoa production, and herbicide use in cocoa cultivation is known to lower the cost of weed management and support better plant growth. As a result, glyphosate was recommended for use in cocoa cultivation following a two-year field trial at the Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana. Recent informal debates among scientists and farmers, however, point towards a disagreement regarding the effect of...
July 2019
Evaluation of the Papaya´s maturation degree by electrical impedance
The economic importance of Papaya for fruit producers reinforces the idea of alternative (non-invasive and low cost) strategies to measure fruit ripening. In this work, it has been evaluated the kinetics of ripening degree of Papaya based on alternative and non-invasive electrical impedance method that is compared with conventional techniques (mechanical assays, determination of total soluble solids and titratable...
July 2019
Sustainable intensifications of African agriculture through legume-based cropping and Brachiaria forage systems
Legume-based cropping system and Brachiaria forage system could play a significant role in enhancing food and nutrition security and sustainable intensifications of African agriculture. To reveal this potential, a comprehensive review of literatures and assessment was performed using key indicators in relation to food and nutrition quality, agro-ecological services and socioeconomic benefits. The key indicators for...
July 2019
Effect of silver nitrate on shoot multiplication, rooting induction and plantlet characteristics of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) in vitro culture
St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is one of the introduced medicinal plants that have medicinal uses for anti-depressant. Germplasm conservation of St. John’s wort has been conducted at the laboratory for over ten years and plantlets showed a rosette growth. Therefore, laboratory investigations are necessary to be done to have better methods for obtaining normal growth of culture. In this study, we...
July 2019
Screening of rice germplasms under salt stress by phenotypic and molecular markers
The evaluation of salinity tolerance of rice germplasms based on phenotype and genotype of 100 rice germplasm was identified at the seedling stage at the High Agricultural Technology Research Institute for Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Screening of the phenotype was done with 30 day old seedlings using salinized concentrations (EC = 8 and 15 dS/m). Results show that the growth of the varieties, the higher the salt...
July 2019
Effects of NPK and plant tea manure (Tithonia diversifolia) on growth rate of amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus L.) in soilless growing media
Many countries are running short of agricultural land. Even where land appears to be available, soil fertility, water availability as well as nutrient mining still remains a challenge yet at the same time the world’s demand for food is rapidly increasing. Millions of square meters of soil are mined each year for use in vegetable nurseries and in backyard gardens in addition to excessive use of inorganic...
July 2019
Drought tolerance assessment of melon germplasm searching for adaptation to climate change
Shortage of irrigation water at critical melon growth stages can be the most important limiting factor in the future due to climate change, especially in the Mediterranean region. Apart from the improvement of irrigation systems and crop management, the development of drought tolerant cultivars by genetic breeding is the best solution to achieve stable yields. Screening germplasm collections is a prerequisite for that....
June 2019
Organic production and its market support policies
Populations around the world, especially in developed countries, have adopted a more conscious food consumption than that practiced conventionally, in their search for a better quality of life. In this scenario of concern about food, the organic products market is highlighted in the face of the high consumption of food produced with agrochemicals and agricultural inputs. In the last few years, there has been a...
June 2019
Integration of tree crops and pastures: Literature review
Sustainable rural development, integration, and interaction of the livestock, agricultural and forestry components can contribute to reducing the impacts of the productive sector in the environment. In forest environments, plant biomass (mainly of trees) is the main reservoir of mineral nutrients. The forest presence contributes to the elevation of mineral nutrient concentrations in the soil, through leaf deposition....
June 2019
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) production trends in Cameroon: A review
Yam (Dioscorea spp.) cultivation has the potentials to greatly contribute to poverty alleviation and food security, in Cameroon. The full production potentials of yams have not been exploited, leaving Cameroon with an annual production of 648,407 metric tons (MT) at the sixth position, among the six countries of the West African yam zone, with 67.3 million MT. This review highlights research gaps in the yam production...
June 2019
Sensory profile of coffees of different cultivars, plant exposure and post-harvest
The processes of maturation, harvest and post-harvest coffee of are strictly related to the physical and chemical modifications that can affect the sensorial quality of the coffee, being decisive factors in the choice of the appropriate management to reach the desired quality standard. The objective of this research was to identify the sensorial attributes of the Coffee Association of American (SCAA) protocol of coffee...
June 2019
Tenure security, investment and the productivity of agricultural farms in the communal area of Kavango West Region of Namibia: Any evidence of causality
The study determines whether there are causal influences amongst the decision to apply for leasehold land right, investment, and livestock farm productivity in the Kavango West Region of Namibia. Various econometrics models have been used to model these relationships in the literature. However, there is a growing concern that methods which do not explicitly account for the endogeneity of regressors and which are used to...
June 2019
Application of GIS in pig production system in Nigeria
This study aimed to identify the pig producers across various administrative regions and to determine the pig production system in Nigeria through an intensive survey of pig farms with the use of Global Positioning System (GPS). Categorization of farms by proportion in Nigeria showed that 81.1% of states had very low (<5) and low (5 to 50) number of pig farms, 8.1% of states had medium (50 to 100) number of pig farms...
June 2019
Composting coffee pulp with Minjingu phosphate rock improves phosphorus availability for tomato uptake
A glasshouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of composting coffee pulp with phosphate rock on phosphorus (P) availability for plant uptake. Coffee pulps composted with or without phosphate rock and Minjingu phosphate rock applied alone were evaluated as source of P for tomato growing on a Chromic Acrisol. All P sources were applied at varying rates of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg P kg-1 and all other...
June 2019
Association mapping for flag leaf thickness in an indica rice population from South China
Flag leaf is the most important source of photosynthate for developing rice grains, and flag leaf thickness is an important morphological trait in rice plant-type breeding programs. In the present study, we carried out association mapping for flag leaf thickness in a local rice population which consisted of 86 cultivars derived from breeding programs and planted in large areas in South China. Phenotyping was conducted...
June 2019
Genotype and environment interaction effect on yield and yield components in Desi-type Chickpea [Cicer arietinum (L.)]
Chickpea is the major pulse crop cultivated in Ethiopia. However, its production is constrained due to genotype instability and environmental variability. This research was carried out to examine the magnitude of environmental effect on yield of chickpea genotypes and to investigate the stability and adaptability of genotypes under different agro-ecologies. Twelve genotypes evaluated in randomized complete...
June 2019
Evaluation of lentil varieties and seedbed types for the management of lentil Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis) in central highlands of Ethiopia
An experiment was conducted at Chefe Donsa naturally infested field with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis in order to evaluate the effect of lentil genotypes and seedbed types as components of integrated management option. A factorial experiment including lentil variety and seedbed type, each at four levels, was carried out in a split-plot design with three replications. The four lentil genotypes were ILL-590...
June 2019
Assessment of Yield and Yield Related Traits in Durum Wheat (Triticum Turgidum) Genotypes in Northern Ethiopia
The main objective of this study was to evaluate 21 durum wheat genotypes for grain yield and agronomic traits under rain fed condition in three districts of Axum Agricultural Research Center, namely Hatsebo, Tahtay-Maichew and Ahferom during 2014 cropping season. Completely randomized block design with three replications was conducted for each location. The result of analysis of variance indicated that there was a...
June 2019
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp., Fabaceae) landrace (local farmers’ varieties) diversity and ethnobotany in Southwestern and Eastern parts of Ethiopia
The present research was carried out to identify and document the landrace diversity and ethnobotanical uses of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) (Fabaceae) in Southwestern and Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected through field observations, semi-structured interviews, guided field walk with cowpea farmers and users, and market surveys. Descriptive statistics, preference ranking and informant consensus were employed...
June 2019
Effects of fungicide application and different nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield components of three varieties of common bean Phaseolus vulgaris L.
In Cameroon, common bean is produced and highly consumed as a source of protein and means of generating income by small farm holders. However, diseases like angular leaf spot caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola (Sacc), poor agronomic practices and low soil fertility are negatively impacting the production of the crop. A field experiment was conducted under natural conditions in the University of Dschang during the 2017...
June 2019
Exploring the induction of doubled haploids in cassava through gynogenesis
Production and use of double haploids is important for attainment of systematic genetic gains, and indeed several plant breeding programmes have benefited from it. Gynogenesis, the in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules and/or embryos has specifically been exploited in several economically important crops but not cassava. In this study, we examined possibilities of generating doubled haploids (DH) in cassava...
June 2019
Gas exchange in upland cotton cultivars under water deficit strategies
Aiming to evaluate the gas exchange of upland cotton cultivars cultivated in the Brazilian semiarid, subject to water deficit periods on the phenological stages, an experiment was carried out at the Campina Grande Federal University, Pombal county campus, Paraíba State, Brazil, between June and December 2015. Treatments were formed from a split-plot arrangement, in which the plots were 6 water deficit periods (P)...
June 2019
Fiber quality in upland cotton cultivars under water deficit strategies
An evaluation was made of upland cotton cultivar fiber quality, when subjected to water deficit periods, on the phenological stages. The experiment was carried out at the Campina Grande Federal University, Pombal county Campus, Paraíba State, Brazil, between June and December 2015. Treatments were formed using a split-plot arrangement, in which the plots were 6 water deficit periods (P) (P1 = No deficit; P2 =...
June 2019
Thermal comfort estimation for dairy cows in the south of Goiás State, Brazil
The objective of this research was to analyze the correlation between climatic and milk composition variables. Thus, meteorological data and data on milk quality and composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solids content and defatted dry extract (DDE)) were used, as well as somatic cell count (SCC). The analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test. After the study, it was verified that the temperature...
May 2019
Market preferences for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) dry grain in Ghana
Cowpea is an important crop in Ghana, serving as a major source of calories and high-quality protein for many people. An understanding of market preferences is necessary when targeting research and breeding efforts. This study makes use of data from 562 samples of cowpea dry grain collected from 91 markets across Ghana, analyzed using the hedonic model framework, to determine implicit prices of characteristics,...
May 2019
Rhizosphere yeast Torulaspora globosa with plant growth promotion traits and improvement of the development of tomato seedlings under greenhouse conditions
Yeasts are an interesting group of microorganisms, which occur naturally in soil and on plant surfaces. Few studies have analysed their potential as plant growth promoters. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the indole acetic acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization by the yeasts Torulaspora globosa (CCA5S51 and CCA5S55), Meyerozyma guilliermondii (CCA3C98), and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (CCA2F32), and...
May 2019
Physiological response of colza (Brassica napus L.) seeds coated and treated with alternative materials
The coated seeds have multiple advantages in relation to the common seeds. In addition to the increase in size and uniformity in their shape, treatment products can be incorporated in them helping the germination process. Against the foregoing, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of the colza (Brassica napus L.) seeds coated with bentonite, gypsum and kaolin and treated with fungicide...
May 2019
Interactive effects of phosphorus and water stress on plant development and yield resilience in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of increasing soil phosphorus under water stress conditions on yield and plant development in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes with contrasting drought susceptibility tolerances. A split-split plot design with genotypes (main plot), two water regimes (split plot) and three phosphorus rates (split-split plot) was used. Water regimes were imposed by irrigating at...
May 2019
Improving agricultural productivity on salt-affected soils in Ethiopia: Farmers’ perceptions and proposals
This paper presents the results of a baseline study carried out to understand farmers’ perceptions about the existence of salinity in their farmlands and its impact on agricultural production and household food security. The strategies adopted by farmers to deal with the salinity and food insecurity problems are also discussed. The survey data were collected from a total of 300 farmers from five districts of...
May 2019
Identification of 1-decyne as a new volatile allele-chemical in baobab (Adansonia digitata) from Sudan
Leaf, fruit, wood, and gum of fifty-five plants collected in Sudan were evaluated by Dish pack method for their allelopathic activity through volatile chemicals using lettuce (Lactuca sativa) as a receptor plant. Several potential plants with high allelopathic activity, such as Terminalia brownie, Euphorbia hirta, Diospyros mespiliformis, Corchorus olitorius, Adansonia digitata, Hibiscus sabdariffa, were determined....
May 2019
Production performance of sunflower genotypes in Campo Novo do Parecis, Brazil´s main producing region of the oleaginous plant
Sunflower crops have a wide adaptability to several edaphoclimatic conditions, with possible alternative for a second harvest. Crops are diversified and extra profit is collected by the producer. Current assay determines the agronomic characteristics of the sunflower genotype planted in second harvest in Campo Novo do Parecis MT Brazil, the main sunflower producing region in Brazil. The assay was conducted on the...
May 2019
Construction and evaluation of soybeans thresher
In order to resuscitate soybean production and post-harvest processing, especially in terms of threshing, there is a need to develop an affordable threshing machine, which will reduce drudgery associated with manual soybean threshing. Soybean thresher was fabricated and evaluated at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Apata, Ibadan. The machine component parts includes: hopper, threshing...
May 2019
Effects of seeds ingestion by Lagune cattle and other pre-planting treatments on the germinability of Centrosema pubescens Benth seeds in Soudanian region of Benin (West Africa)
In Benin under extensive management of grassland, there is little information about legumes regeneration and management in pastures. This trial evaluated the germination of Centrosema pubescens seeds after passage through the digestive tract of three young bulls and three heifers of Lagune breed cattle. Following seeds ingestion by cattle, total faeces were collected at 24-h intervals for 6 days after which time the...
May 2019
Verification of integrated management of chickpea Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris) in major chickpea growing areas of East Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
Fusarium wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris, a major limiting chickpea productivity in Ethiopia. The present study was to validate the integrated management of chickpea Fusarium wilt. The verifications were conducted in Adea, Lume and Gimbichu districts. The experiment was laid out as a factorial combination a farmer’s field was used as replications. The management package consists of two varieties...
May 2019
Foliar application of zinc sulphate to improve yield and grain zinc content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Foliar application is a promising agronomic strategy as it involves direct adsorption and loading of nutrients from leaf surface to phloem in comparatively far less quantity than soil applications. Present investigation entails the evaluation of most suitable treatment of zinc sulphate to improve growth and yield components of wheat. Significant increase in leaf length, leaf area, plant height, number of tillers, spike...
May 2019
Short-term effect of reducing conventional tillage intensity on some physical and chemical properties of volcanic soils in Rwanda
Volcanic soils which comprise a minor portion worldwide are generally characterized by their high natural fertility yet susceptible to soil erosion due to their fragility. Regardless of which, the success in soil management to maintain its quality depends on the understanding of how the soil properties respond to its disturbance through tillage practices over time. This study was conducted in the highland region of...
May 2019
Production components and water efficiency of upland cotton cultivars under water deficit strategies
The objective of this work was to study water deficits effect on different phenological phases in the production components and water efficiency of upland cotton cultivars. For this, an experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Pombal county Campus, Paraíba State, Brazil. Treatments were formed from a split-plot arrangement in which plots were 6 water deficit periods (P): (P1...
May 2019
Management of potato leaf miner in Uganda
The yield of potato, an important food security and income crop in Uganda is substantially affected by pests. A survey was carried out in south western Uganda, a major potato growing area to assess the distribution and severity of potato pests in June and July 2015. In addition, leaf miner management options such as pesticide use, yellow sticky traps and mulching were evaluated for effectiveness. Trials in leaf miner...
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