June 2019
Thermal comfort estimation for dairy cows in the south of Goiás State, Brazil
The objective of this research was to analyze the correlation between climatic and milk composition variables. Thus, meteorological data and data on milk quality and composition (fat, protein, lactose, total solids content and defatted dry extract (DDE)) were used, as well as somatic cell count (SCC). The analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test. After the study, it was verified that the temperature...
May 2019
Market preferences for cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) dry grain in Ghana
Cowpea is an important crop in Ghana, serving as a major source of calories and high-quality protein for many people. An understanding of market preferences is necessary when targeting research and breeding efforts. This study makes use of data from 562 samples of cowpea dry grain collected from 91 markets across Ghana, analyzed using the hedonic model framework, to determine implicit prices of characteristics,...
May 2019
Rhizosphere yeast Torulaspora globosa with plant growth promotion traits and improvement of the development of tomato seedlings under greenhouse conditions
Yeasts are an interesting group of microorganisms, which occur naturally in soil and on plant surfaces. Few studies have analysed their potential as plant growth promoters. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the indole acetic acid (IAA) production and phosphate solubilization by the yeasts Torulaspora globosa (CCA5S51 and CCA5S55), Meyerozyma guilliermondii (CCA3C98), and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (CCA2F32), and...
May 2019
Physiological response of colza (Brassica napus L.) seeds coated and treated with alternative materials
The coated seeds have multiple advantages in relation to the common seeds. In addition to the increase in size and uniformity in their shape, treatment products can be incorporated in them helping the germination process. Against the foregoing, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological quality of the colza (Brassica napus L.) seeds coated with bentonite, gypsum and kaolin and treated with fungicide...
May 2019
Interactive effects of phosphorus and water stress on plant development and yield resilience in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of increasing soil phosphorus under water stress conditions on yield and plant development in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes with contrasting drought susceptibility tolerances. A split-split plot design with genotypes (main plot), two water regimes (split plot) and three phosphorus rates (split-split plot) was used. Water regimes were imposed by irrigating at...
May 2019
Improving agricultural productivity on salt-affected soils in Ethiopia: Farmers’ perceptions and proposals
This paper presents the results of a baseline study carried out to understand farmers’ perceptions about the existence of salinity in their farmlands and its impact on agricultural production and household food security. The strategies adopted by farmers to deal with the salinity and food insecurity problems are also discussed. The survey data were collected from a total of 300 farmers from five districts of...
May 2019
Identification of 1-decyne as a new volatile allele-chemical in baobab (Adansonia digitata) from Sudan
Leaf, fruit, wood, and gum of fifty-five plants collected in Sudan were evaluated by Dish pack method for their allelopathic activity through volatile chemicals using lettuce (Lactuca sativa) as a receptor plant. Several potential plants with high allelopathic activity, such as Terminalia brownie, Euphorbia hirta, Diospyros mespiliformis, Corchorus olitorius, Adansonia digitata, Hibiscus sabdariffa, were determined....
May 2019
Production performance of sunflower genotypes in Campo Novo do Parecis, Brazil´s main producing region of the oleaginous plant
Sunflower crops have a wide adaptability to several edaphoclimatic conditions, with possible alternative for a second harvest. Crops are diversified and extra profit is collected by the producer. Current assay determines the agronomic characteristics of the sunflower genotype planted in second harvest in Campo Novo do Parecis MT Brazil, the main sunflower producing region in Brazil. The assay was conducted on the...
May 2019
Construction and evaluation of soybeans thresher
In order to resuscitate soybean production and post-harvest processing, especially in terms of threshing, there is a need to develop an affordable threshing machine, which will reduce drudgery associated with manual soybean threshing. Soybean thresher was fabricated and evaluated at the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Apata, Ibadan. The machine component parts includes: hopper, threshing...
May 2019
Effects of seeds ingestion by Lagune cattle and other pre-planting treatments on the germinability of Centrosema pubescens Benth seeds in Soudanian region of Benin (West Africa)
In Benin under extensive management of grassland, there is little information about legumes regeneration and management in pastures. This trial evaluated the germination of Centrosema pubescens seeds after passage through the digestive tract of three young bulls and three heifers of Lagune breed cattle. Following seeds ingestion by cattle, total faeces were collected at 24-h intervals for 6 days after which time the...
May 2019
Verification of integrated management of chickpea Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris) in major chickpea growing areas of East Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
Fusarium wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris, a major limiting chickpea productivity in Ethiopia. The present study was to validate the integrated management of chickpea Fusarium wilt. The verifications were conducted in Adea, Lume and Gimbichu districts. The experiment was laid out as a factorial combination a farmer’s field was used as replications. The management package consists of two varieties...
May 2019
Foliar application of zinc sulphate to improve yield and grain zinc content in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Foliar application is a promising agronomic strategy as it involves direct adsorption and loading of nutrients from leaf surface to phloem in comparatively far less quantity than soil applications. Present investigation entails the evaluation of most suitable treatment of zinc sulphate to improve growth and yield components of wheat. Significant increase in leaf length, leaf area, plant height, number of tillers, spike...
May 2019
Short-term effect of reducing conventional tillage intensity on some physical and chemical properties of volcanic soils in Rwanda
Volcanic soils which comprise a minor portion worldwide are generally characterized by their high natural fertility yet susceptible to soil erosion due to their fragility. Regardless of which, the success in soil management to maintain its quality depends on the understanding of how the soil properties respond to its disturbance through tillage practices over time. This study was conducted in the highland region of...
May 2019
Production components and water efficiency of upland cotton cultivars under water deficit strategies
The objective of this work was to study water deficits effect on different phenological phases in the production components and water efficiency of upland cotton cultivars. For this, an experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Pombal county Campus, Paraíba State, Brazil. Treatments were formed from a split-plot arrangement in which plots were 6 water deficit periods (P): (P1...
May 2019
Management of potato leaf miner in Uganda
The yield of potato, an important food security and income crop in Uganda is substantially affected by pests. A survey was carried out in south western Uganda, a major potato growing area to assess the distribution and severity of potato pests in June and July 2015. In addition, leaf miner management options such as pesticide use, yellow sticky traps and mulching were evaluated for effectiveness. Trials in leaf miner...
May 2019
Determinants of the extent of adoption of maize production technologies in Northern Ghana
In spite of substantial investments in developing and disseminating improved maize production technologies by successive governments and several development partners, technology adoption in Ghana remains low. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the extent of adoption of improved maize production technologies among farmers in northern Ghana. A Tobit regression model was used to analyse...
May 2019
Market production and productivity: The effects of cash cropping on technical efficiency in staple crop production
To meet increasing food demand, most developing countries cannot rely on expanding the crop area, but will need to stimulate yield growth arising from increased factor productivity. This can be achieved through more efficient utilization of inputs to produce maximum output given existing technologies. Low productivity arising from technical inefficiency negatively impacts on household income and food security by...
May 2019
Allure of insect pest and diseases among three solanaceous crops viz. tomato, chilli and brinjal in Hamelmalo Agricultural College
The experiment was conducted in the Hamelmalo Agricultural College, Eritrea, from January 2017 to May 2017. This was done to study the attraction of major insect pest and diseases in three solanaceous crops (tomato, chilli and brinjal) grown singly and with mix cropping pattern. In Eritrea, solanaceous crops are important vegetables grown in different areas of the country. Insect pest and diseases are the major...
May 2019
Water use efficiency in the sugarcane cropping in different planting dates in Brazil
In global terms, irrigation is a human activity with greater demand for fresh water and strategies are needed to minimize this consumption. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish the sugarcane planting date, which results in a greater water use efficiency, considering the summer planting of the Northeast region of Brazil. The sugarcane cultivar was RB92579, drip irrigated, and the stage of the plant was...
May 2019
Cultivation of cactus pear forage propagated through the method of fractionation of cladode
Between the varieties of Cactus Pear Forage resistant to Cochineal Carmine, the Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM), Baiana (BA) and Miúda (MI) were found. The adoption of these varieties and dissemination in the areas damaged by this plague are directly related to provision of seeds cladodes. The method of propagation through fractionation of cladode is an alternative in cases where this availability is deficient....
May 2019
Cattle milk production, processing and marketing situations of smallholder farmers in Telo district, Keffa zone, Ethiopia
The study was conducted in Telo district of Keffa zone, SNNP Regional State with the aim of assessing milk production and milk use pattern. Cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from randomly sampled 156 households using survey questioner, farm visit and focus group discussion. Female headed farms were more frequent in urban. The average family size per household was 7 persons. 58.3% of HH were...
April 2019
Vegetation cover affects rhizobia-tree legume symbiosis in the semi-arid region of Brazil
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the main form of introducing nitrogen into systems with low fertilizer input, which prevail in the semi-arid region of Brazil. BNF was evaluated in leucena and sabiá grown in samples of a soil collected under different vegetation cover: native vegetation; capoeira (area abandoned for the restoration); agricultural use; sabiá grove; and leucena grove. Nodulation was...
April 2019
Stakeholders’ perception of weaver ant’s effects on mango fruits quality in Benin
Weaver ant (Oecophylla longinonda) used in biological control of pest, is said to improve the organoleptic quality of protected fruits. This study aims at bringing out stakeholders’ perception of weaver ants effect on mango quality. A survey was performed in Parakou (Benin), with stakeholders to assess their perception of mango quality and their opinion about weaver ant’s effect on mango quality. Then, the...
April 2019
Prediction of genetic gain using selection indices in maize lines
Maize is an important cereal crop in scientific research area and the world economy, where Brazil is one of the leading producers. High production and productivity are partly due to plant breeding programs, where the selection of superior genotypes is based on indexes. This strategy has been very efficient o obtaining superior genotypes since there are simultaneous gains for various agronomic and economic characters....
April 2019
Physiological response of soybean [Glycine max (L) Merrill] to soil moisture stress
This study was done to determine the effects of varying soil moisture regimes on CO2 assimilation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] in pots under greenhouse conditions during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The experiment was conducted as a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in a 4 x 6 factorial treatment arrangement and replicated 3 times. Soil moisture regimes (80, 60, 40 and 20% of field capacity) and...
April 2019
Physiological quality of colza seeds (Brassica napus L.) after coating and seed treatment during storage
Seed coating is a technique widely used by growers to increase, standardize and improve seed germination conditions. Despite this, there is lack of information about the physiological quality of coated seeds during storage. The objective of this study is to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of colza (Brassica napus L.) seeds coated with bentonite and treated with fungicide and black pepper plant extract...
April 2019
Weed flora survey in field crops of Northwestern Ethiopia
A survey was conducted in different field crops of six districts (Chilga, Gondarzuria, Metema, Takussa, Dabat and Dembia) in Northwestern Ethiopia within 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons. The objective of the study was to identify the most important weed species and to determine their frequency, density and uniformity at different altitudes. A quantitative and qualitative method was employed for the enumeration and...
April 2019
Study of diversity in some Moroccan population of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
To study Moroccan saffron germplasm variability relating to different agro-morphological and phenological traits, 969 saffron corms (accessions) were collected from thirteen different sites located in traditional saffron area of Taliouine-Taznakht. The study confirmed a wide range of phenotypic variability within and between populations. The variance analysis revealed that the mother corm weight (MCW), taken as...
April 2019
Effect of fertilizers amendment on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on acidic soil of Tsegede Highland, Northern Ethiopia
A field experiment was carried out during 2012/2013 on acidic soil of Tsegede highlands, Northern Ethiopia to evaluate wheat crop response to different Fertilizers and Liming with four treatments: (1) (No fertilizer), (2) 64 kg/ha Nitrogen+ 150 kg/ha Minjingu organic hyper phosphate fertilizer, (3) 64 kg/ha Nitrogen and 20 kg/ha Phosphorus, and (4) 64 kg/ha Nitrogen and 20 kg/ha Phosphorus + 4.17 t/ha lime were arranged...
April 2019
Rice insect pest management in selected rice irrigation schemes in Morogoro Region, Tanzania
This study was conducted in five randomly selected rice schemes in Morogoro region to obtain information on farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practice in respect to management strategies undertaken for controlling insect pests both in rice fields and stores as an aid to reduce crop loss. A total of 150 farmers were randomly selected from 5 villages (30 respondents per village) and interviewed using semi structured...
April 2019
Evaluation of dry matter yield, yield components and nutritive value of selected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars grown under Lowland Raya Valley, Northern Ethiopia
The experiment was conducted at Raya Azebo district, which is located in Southern Tigray, North Ethiopia, with the objective to investigate the highest dry matter yield and herbage nutritive value among the selected alfalfa cultivars. The experiment was conducted by randomized complete block design with four replications and five cultivars. The experimental cultivars were FG-10-09 (F), FG-9-09 (F), Magna-801-FG...
April 2019
Vulnerability and adaptation strategies to drought and erratic rains as key extreme events: Insights from small scale farming households in mixed crop agro ecosystems of semi-arid eastern Kenya
Climate variability and change are some of the most pressing environmental challenges in semi-arid Kenya and Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) and are associated with persistent droughts, dry spells and erratic rains. The present study aimed at determining exposure and adaptation mechanisms among selected small-scale farmers cultivating drought tolerant crops in Wote, Makueni County, Eastern Kenya in the period 2003 to 2013. The...
April 2019
Mechanisms of aerenchyma formation in maize roots
Respiration is very sensitive to waterlogged conditions. Under these conditions, plant roots suffer from lack of available oxygen. In fact, waterlogging reduces the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. When plants cannot receive sufficient oxygen level for respiration, they form aerenchyma in their roots which function as reservoirs of oxygen in the submerged plant. Aerenchyma is formed in maize (Zea...
April 2019
Yield of the hydroponic lettuce under levels of salinity of the nutrient solution
Hydroponic cultivation is a viable alternative, given the water scarcity scenario, since this technique uses water rationally and without waste. However, it is necessary to monitor the salinity of the nutrient solution, especially in leafy vegetables such as lettuce. The aim of this research is to examine the yield of hydroponic lettuce under different salinity levels of the nutrient solution, in greenhouse. The...
March 2019
A review on golden species of Zingiberaceae family around the world: Genus Curcuma
Genus Curcuma has a long history of traditional uses, ranging from folk medicine to its culinary uses. More than 70 species of Curcuma are distributed throughout the world but extensively cultivate in Asian, Australian and Western African counties. Many phytochemical, pharmacological and molecular studies have been conducted on several Curcuma species worldwide. The interest on its medicinal properties have increased...
March 2019
Nutritional status of three sugarcane varieties grown in the northeast region of Brazil
The diagnosis of plant nutritional status was a tool to improve crop fertilization and thus ensure better productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of three sugarcane varieties (RB92579, RB98710 and RB961552) in the plant-cane and first regrowth cycles in the sub-humid region of the state of Alagoas, located in the Northeast of Brazil. The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block...
March 2019
Mathematical modelling of greenhouse drying of red chilli pepper
The purpose of this study was to examine twelve different mathematical models for red pepper plant (Capsicum annum L.) and to investigate the appropriate models of mass fraction (Mt / Mo) in relation to drying time.This study attempted to assess the efficiency and profitability of the drying of red pepper under the plastic tunnel greenhouse and a total of twelve models, including Newton, Page, Improved Page, Henderson...
March 2019
A synthesis of Ethiopian agricultural technical efficiency: A meta-analysis
In Ethiopia, technical efficiency studies started about three decades ago. These studies have reached different conclusions regarding agriculture efficiency based on technical efficiency scores. This study represents the first attempt to use meta-analysis to examine the mean technical efficiency estimates in agriculture in Ethiopia. The current study employed 45 frontier studies published from 1993 to 2014 for the...
March 2019
Reputation effect of the moral hazard on contract farming market development: Game theory application on rice farmers in Benin
A good reputation is the basis for rice farmers to survive and gain trust from buyers in a competitive business environment. However, due to the existence of information asymmetry between buyers and rice farmers, the moral hazard problem is the key obstacle that impedes the benefits of related shareholders and hinders the efficiency of contract farming negotiations. It is crucial to design a control mechanism to avoid...
March 2019
Sorption-desorption isotherms of diuron alone and in a mixture in soils with different physico-chemical properties
Herbicide mixture is a widely used weed control practice in many agricultural areas. However, interactions between the herbicide mixture and soil may alter the soil dynamics. This research evaluated the effect of the physicochemical properties of the soils in the application of diuron alone and in a mixture with hexazinone, by means of sorption-desorption Freundlich isotherms. 14C-diuron sorption (isolated and mixed)...
March 2019
Phenotypic plasticity in soybean (Glycine max (Merrill)) genotypes with contrasting growth characteristics subjected to planting density stress at different developmental stages
A study was conducted to determine phenotype plasticity responses in soybean genotypes subjected to plant density stress at different phenological stages. Plants planted at supra optimal population density (500,000 plants per hectare) were thinned to 400,000 population density at 4 developmental stages: V1 (Full expansion of first trifoliate leaves), V3 (Four nodes with 3 unfolded trifoliates), V6 (Seven nodes, with 6...
March 2019
Soil hydro-physical attributes under management practices for pineapple genotypes cultivation
Pineapple is a rustic species but may respond positively to conservation practices of soil management. This work aimed to evaluate the physical properties of the soil under conservation management practices for the cultivation of pineapple genotypes. The treatments consisted of four varieties of pineapple, two levels of gypsum (0 to 4 t ha-1), two levels of management (with and without cover crop - millet), and two soil...
March 2019
Aries Guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus Jacq cv. Aries) pasture establishment without chemical control in an environmentally protected area
This study aimed to evaluate the Aries Guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus sin. Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aries) and the weed community dynamics under different soil tillage and sowing methods in Southern Brazil, to create alternatives for sustainable farming in areas where weed chemical control is restricted. The experiment was carried out in split-plot design with randomized blocks and four replications; the main plots...
March 2019
Foodborne diseases, fish and the case of Aeromonas spp.
Food intake is an imperative need of living beings in order to obtain the nutrients and energy necessary for their growth and development. All human beings worldwide have the right to access to nutritious and safe food. Food safety is a term that has become increasingly important in food production; is defined as the set of conditions and actions necessary along all phases of the food chain (from its primary production...
March 2019
Application of nitrogen in different phenological states of the corn crop
Corn is a crop of high productive potential, but to achieve this, it is essential to apply production technologies, especially fertilizers with a high level of nitrogen. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizer in different phenological stages on corn production. The experiment was installed in the experimental plot of the Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de...
March 2019
Effects of biogas slurry and conventional fertilizer on the abundance, diversity, and function of the soil microbe community in continuously cropped Chinese chives
The effects of biogass slurry and conventional chemical fertilizer as topdressings on relative abundance and community diversity of soil microbes in fields under continuous cropping of Chinese chives were investigated. It was found that topdressing treatment altered soil bacteria community and diversity, where relative abundance and taxonomic diversity were greater in the biogas slurry treatment. Although average well...
March 2019
Development and technical validation of spray kit for coffee harvester
Spraying a coffee plantation simultaneously with harvesting ensures that the coffee plants are protected from pests and diseases, which are intensified during this period. In addition to economical operation, the pulverizer adapted to all harvester models promotes greater uniformity in pulverized syrup dispensing since the spray tips are arranged evenly around the plant. Two experiments were carried out in the...
March 2019
Pig compost for the formation of coffee seedlings in the substrate composition
Pigs can be used in the formation of coffee seedlings; it gradually provides essential nutrients for the development of plants, in addition to promoting the improvement of the substrate and water retention. It was decided, with this work, to evaluate the use of pig compost in the formation of coffee seedlings. The topics studied were: T1 - Witness (absence of organic compound); T2-30% concentration of cattle compost;...
March 2019
Correlation of climatic elements with phases of the lace bug Vatiga illudens (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in two cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae)
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is subject to various disease problems and insect attacks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of climatic elements on the phases of the lacebug, Vatiga illudens in two cultivars of cassava. The study was carried out in a greenhouse using the ‘Sergipana’ and ‘Campina’ cultivars. Data were analyzed using the Pearson index for linear...
March 2019
Comparison of cyanobacterial bio-fertilizer with urea on three crops and two soils of Ethiopia
Although chemical fertilizers have long been used to meet the high demand of nitrogen (N), the most common limiting nutrient to plant growth, the frequent use of this fertilizer gradually deteriorates soil fertility in addition to its high cost, lower supply and agronomic use efficiency in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, N-fixing cyanobacterial biofertilizers are eco-friendly, and currently considered important to support the...
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