African Journal of
Biotechnology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Biotechnol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1684-5315
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJB
  • Start Year: 2002
  • Published Articles: 12463

AJB Articles

Isolation and molecular identification of tannase producing fungi from soil

December 2023

The study was conducted to isolate and identify tannase producing fungi from soil. Soil samples were collected aseptically and cultured on tannic acid agar (TAA) to screen for tannic acid hydrolysis. The observed isolates were sub-cultured to obtain pure culture and were later subjected to secondary screening in the Czapek medium. The biomass weight, tannase activity, and gallic acid concentration in the fermentation...

Author(s): Mutiat Adetayo Omotayo, Oluremi Nurudeen Olaleye, Simeon K. Odetunde and Mary Oluwatoyin Avungbeto  

Inoculation effectiveness of native and exotic Bradyrhizobium species strains in a Senegalese agricultural soil: A comparison on modern and traditional peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars

December 2023

Peanut is a key component of Senegal’s predominantly cereal-based farming systems, but its production is challenged by low soil fertility. Rhizobial inoculation is a promising strategy to improve crop yield and reduce the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers. The aim of this study was to isolate the most specific and effective bradyrhizobial strain for peanut, and to determine the degree of variability in the...

Author(s): Godar Sene, Nibourou Top, Maimouna Cissoko, Nogaye Niang, Cheikh Ndiaye, Issa Faye, Mansour Thiao, Saliou Fall, and Samba Ndao Sylla,

Preferential expression of somatic embryogenesis in five elite genotypes of Theobroma cacao (L.) associated with explant type and protocols used

December 2023

This study aims to identify the suitable subculturing time, culture media (protocols) and explants type suitable for somatic embryogenesis expression in five elite genotypes of Theobroma cacao L. Thus, petals and staminodes explants extracted from immature flower buds of genotypes (C1, C8, C9, C14, and C16) are first grown in different media (CIM and CDM) to assess the subculturing time. Then, successive transfers in...

Author(s): N’goran Poh Konan Georges, Minyaka Emile, Kouassi Kan Modeste, Kone Siaka, Djeni N’dede Theodore, Kouamé Christophe and N’zi Jean-Claude  

Identification of antagonistic bacterium strain and biocontrol effects on ginseng root rot disease

December 2023

From healthy mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves, 45 endophytic bacteria strains were isolated. Antagonistic bacterium strain FS17 was screened with the confront culture method, and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on morphological characteristic and 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Growth rate method was used to determine that the fermentation broth of FS17 had inhibitory effect on 10 plant pathogenic fungi, and the...

Author(s): Chunyuan Zhou, Chengci Piao and Hao Zhang,

Callus induction of Tacca integrifolia Ker Gawl using stem nodal segment

December 2023

A study was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of plant growth regulators on in vitro callus induction of Tacca integrifolia using stem nodal segment. Fresh, dry weight and morphology of callus were evaluated and the results showed significant effects on callus induction when analyzed at a 5% level of significance. Among the treatments, Murashige and Skoog with only 6-Benzylaminopurine (1.0 mg/L) produced...

Author(s): Nur Azalina Azman, Asmah Awal, and Fatimah Abdol Latif

Dynamics of the vaginal microbiome during the menstrual cycle of HIV positive and negative women in a sub-urban population of Kenya

November 2023

Vaginal microbiome (VM) is dominated by Lactobacillus for maintenance of vaginal health. The objective of this study was to characterize changes in the VM during the menstrual cycle of HIV positive (HIV+) and HIV negative (HIV-) women in a sub-urban population of Kenya. In this longitudinal study of 38 women-20 HIV+,18 HIV-high vaginal swabs were for genomic DNA and Gram stain and quantitative PCR (qPCR). qPCR nested on...

Author(s): Teresa N. Kiama, Mario Vaneechoutte, Paul M. Mbugua, Hans Verstraelen, Benson Estambale, Marleen Temmerman and Rita Verhelst  

Evaluation of viral hepatitis C screening at Institut Pasteur of Côte d'Ivoire from 2012 to 2022

November 2023

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) accounts for 48% of the 1.4 million deaths from viral hepatitis worldwide. The prevalence of HCV was estimated at 5% in Côte d'Ivoire in 2015. The aim is to evaluate screening for the HCV at the Institut Pasteur de Côte d'Ivoire (IPCI) from 2012 to 2022. A retrospective study was carried out to monitor changes in screening for the anti-HCV Ac at the IPCI. The parameters of...

Author(s): Viviane A. Kouakou, Daouda Sevede, Moussa Doumbia, Stanislas E. Assohoun and Mireille Dosso

A comparative study of transgenic cotton development, impacts, challenges and prospects with respect to China and Africa

November 2023

Cotton is grown in about 101 countries with about 10 countries including China contributing highest quantity. Africa contributes less than 5% to the global demand for cotton. Processing of cotton generate so many businesses for the rural people of China and Africa. Like other cotton producing continents, the majorly cultivated species of cotton in China and Africa is Gossypium hirsutisms Gh (Upland Cotton) and is mostly...

Author(s): Nnaemeka E. Vitalis and Yuqiang Sun

Assessment of the stability and genotype-environment interaction of a spider plant (Cleome gynandra L.) collection in Burkina Faso: Application of the AMMI and GGE models

November 2023

Spider plant, Cleome gynandra L (Cleomaceae) is an important traditional leafy vegetable in Burkina Faso diets. Due to its high nutritional value and medicinal properties, it is a good dietary supplement for combating nutritional deficiencies and certain degenerative diseases. However, the lack of quality seeds and poor agronomic performance are limitations to crop improvement. The aim of the present study was to...

Author(s): SAKANDE Boureima, SAWADOGO Pingawindé, TIENDREBEOGO Josiane, KIEBRE Zakaria and BATIONO/KANDO Pauline  

Efficacy of organic extracts of Nicotiana tabacum (Solanaceae) leaf and Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) seed against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions

November 2023

The maize weevil is a pest of stored maize controlled with synthetic insecticides. The widespread use of these insecticides, however, is harmful to the environment and human health. In this study, solvent extracts (SEs) and powder treatments (PTs) of Nicotiana tabacum leaves and Jatropha curcas seeds were tested for their efficacy against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. The experiment was designed in a completely...

Author(s): Tsegab Temesgen and Emana Getu

Screening extracts of fungal endophytes isolated from Allophylus abyssinicus (Hochst. Radlk.) for control of bean anthracnose

October 2023

Common bean is consumed in large quantities globally but it is highly susceptible to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, leading to 90 to 100% yield losses. This study investigated the bioactivity of secondary metabolites from Allophylus abyssinicus fungal endophytes against C. lindemuthianum, causing bean anthracnose. A total of 37 fungal endophytes were isolated from the leaves, bark and roots of A. abyssinicus and 20%...

Author(s): Hellen Gathiru Kariuki, Isabel Nyokabi Wagara, Beatrice Were, Waudo Walyambillah and Josphat Clement Matasyoh

Quality evaluation of low free fatty acid and high free fatty acid crude palm oil and variation of total fatty matter and fatty acid composition in Nigerian palm oil

October 2023

Quality of palm oil determines its consumer and market acceptability and price. This correlates directly to its moisture (%), free fatty acid (% FFA) and total fatty matter (%TFM) content. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quality of low free fatty acid (LFFA) and high free fatty acid (HFFA) crude palm oil (CPO) samples aged 5 to 10 days, purchased from four locations in Southern Nigeria. HFFA CPO is...

Author(s): Igile G. O., Iwara A. I., Ekpe O. O., Essien N. M. and Egbung G. E.

Introducing cotton farming by the use of transgenic cotton for phytoremediation of industrial wastes polluted soils in Southern Nigeria

October 2023

Industrialization in the Niger Delta region of southern Nigeria has resulted in excessive discharge of industrial wastes, especially oil spillage. Farming in this region has declined and cotton farming has not survived there due to this menace. Phytoremediation, which is an emerging green technology has been adopted for the revitalization of farming in polluted sites and has been integrated towards solving this...

Author(s): Nnaemeka E. Vitalis and Yuqiang Sun

Effects of sound waves on conidiospores of Aspergillus oryzae strain RIB40 and characterization of the enzyme activity of rice–koji

October 2023

It was reported that the glucoamylase activity of rice-koji prepared with sound-irradiated conidiospores of yellow-koji, Aspergillus oryzae, at 16 kHz was decreased as compared with that of conidiospores that had not been sound irradiated. To reveal why the glucoamylase activity was changed, we observed the changes of the expression level of glaB encoding glucoamylase. We also determined to observe how the germination...

Author(s): Taku Matsumoto, Kouji Kojima, Noriaki Saigusa and Yuji Teramoto

An optimized protocol for in vitro regeneration of tropical maize inbred lines through cell suspension and semi-protoplast cultures

October 2023

Maize being an important staple food crop is widely consumed in Kenya but its production remains low due to biotic and abiotic challenges that have not been addressed sufficiently through conventional breeding. This study sought to optimize the establishment of cell suspension and protoplast cultures for 10 tropical inbred maize genotypes in order to identify genotypes that can readily establish in liquid cultures and...

Author(s): Billiah Moemi, Joel Masanga and Steven Runo

Molecular characterization of probiotic Enterococcus hirae from fermenting acalypha wilkesiana (Irish Petticoat) and Talinum triangulare (Water Leaf) medicinal plants

September 2023

Research on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) continues to be relevant in the development of nutraceuticals. In this study, edible medicinal Talinum triangulare and Acalypha wilkesiana were collected and subjected to spontaneous fermentation for 24 h. Samples were collected at 6 h intervals for determination of pH and microbial analysis. Determination of LAB percentage frequency occurrence, probiotic properties, and safety...

Author(s): Siyanbola M. F., Ajao O., Olateru C. T., Fatoki O. A. and Ekanola Y. A.  

Nutritional and physicochemical characteristics of natural fruit juice formulated from papaya (Carica papaya), pineapple (Ananas comosus) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris)

September 2023

Maintaining optimal nutrition and healthy population continues to be a global priority. The group of liquids and beverages plays an important role in human nutrition. Most beverages consumed are artificial and contain an array of chemical molecules that can be harmful to the health of consumers. Papaya, pineapple and beetroot are the most popular fruits and legumes in Cameroon with several therapeutical effects. This...

Author(s): Marlyne-Joséphine Mananga, Nolla Nicolas Policarpe, Hamadou Moustapha, Edoun Ebouel Ferdinand Lanvin, Eyili Noah Joseph Karrington, Michelle Carole Djouhou Fowe and Fokou Elie

Study of the effectiveness of essential oils of Mentha aquatica L. and Pimpinella anisum L. in the microbiological stabilization of pasteurized plant extract of Cyperus esculentus L. in Mali

September 2023

This study evaluates the antimicrobial properties of essential oils of Mentha aquatica and Pimpinella anisum in the stabilization of pasteurized plant extract of Cyperus esculentus in Mali. The extraction of essential oils was carried out by steam distillation of the aerial organs of M. aquatica harvested in Bamako and the seeds of P. anisum harvested at Diré in Timbuktu Region. Aging tests were carried out by...

Author(s): Issa COULIBALY, Sékou BOUARE, Drissa SAMAKE, Oumar Diandjo TRAORE and Amadou H. DICKO

Optimization of regeneration protocol and prospecting spectinomycin resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cv Haider-93

September 2023

Immature zygotic embryos from spring barley cv. Haider-93 were used to induce somatic embryogenesis. The type of the explant, the level of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and handling of calli during subculture are critical factors to obtain maximum number of regenerants. Different concentrations of 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L) and Kinetin (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mg/L) were used for callus induction...

Author(s): Manzar Abbas, Syed Sarfaraz Hussain, Saqi Kosar Abbas, Sammar Abbas, Muhammad Tahir, Yongying Su, Jia Li, Nisar Ahmed, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, and Caiming Gou

Phytochemical composition, GC-MS analysis and toxicological profiling of Gouania longipetala leaf extract in rats

September 2023

This study investigated the phytochemical composition and toxicity potentials of Gouania longipetala leaf extract in rats. Crude extract was prepared from freshly collected leaves of the plant and was subjected to phytochemical analyses including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and acute toxicity. 15 rats were used for the sub-acute toxicity evaluation, 5 rats in each group of 3, each were treated such...

Author(s): Kenneth C. Nwachukwu, Godwin S. Aloh, Simeon I. Egbachukwu, Solomon N. Ijioma, Lukman A. Alli, Kingsley C. Ugwuanyi, Blessing U. Onwuchekwa and Michael P. Okoh

Expression of bioactive compounds in different pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum L.) in response to different fertilizer treatments

August 2023

This research aimed at evaluating four cultivars of Capsicum annuum L. with different nutrient sources to ascertain the nutrient source that would improve the soil characteristic and promote the accumulation of carotenoids and flavonoids in peppers. Four nutrient sources: poultry manure, pig manure, goat manure, and nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium (NPK) were used for the study. The experiment was conducted as a 4...

Author(s): Odo V. C., Abu N. E., Igu T. C., Asogwa L. N., Eze C. O., James O.V., Oyediran O.T., Okanwu J. O. and Ojua E. O.

Genome-wide association analysis identifies resistance loci for bacterial blight in diverse East African rice germplasm

August 2023

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causal agent of rice bacterial blight disease has been extensively characterized, and loci against different races identified. Many rice cultivars have been developed and utilized to combat the disease, however, due to the rapid evolution of Xoo, several resistances have broken down. The continuous challenge of ever-evolving Xoo and the breakdown of resistance in cultivated rice...

Author(s): Moses Okello, Ochwo S. Mildred, Jimmy Lamo, Geoffrey Onaga, Thomas L. Odong, Geoffrey Tusiime, Phinehas Tukamuhabwa, Settumba B. Mukasa, Peter Wasswa, Jonathan Ogwal and Ricardo Oliva

Current status of molecular tools development for cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] improvement

August 2023

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is a popular tropical grain legume which is widely produced and consumed in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The grains are rich in dietary protein for human while the haulm is high quality fodder for livestock particularly ruminants. Compared with many other crops cowpea is a laggard in development, evaluation and deployment of different molecular markers for use in genetics and breeding....

Author(s): Abdoul Moumouni Iro Sodo, Christian Fatokun, Bunmi Olasanmi and Ousmane Boukar

Contact activities of Piper guineense (Schum and Thonn) and Eugenia aromaticum (L). (Merril and Perryl) extracts against larvae of hide beetles, Dermestes maculatus (Degger) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

August 2023

Contact activities of Piper guineense (Schum and Thonn) and Eugenia aromaticum (L). (Merril and Perryl) extracts in the control of Dermestes maculatus larvae infesting stored fish (Clarias gariepinus) were investigated under laboratory condition (28±3°C and 65±5% RH). The extracts were tested by application of 2.0 µL each to ten third instars larvae using micro pipette at a concentration of 6.00,...

Author(s): Jatau A., Badamasi M. Z. and Yahaya M. A.

Antioxidant activities and GC-MS profiling of fractions of methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata

August 2023

This study was intended to investigate the antioxidant activities of different solvent fractions (hexane (HEX), chloroform (CHL), ethylacetate (ETHYL) and methanol (MET) fractions) of methanol extract of Andrographis paniculata and GC-MS profiling of the most active fraction (MET). The crude methanol extract was fractionated using vacuum liquid chromatography method. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using total...

Author(s): Benjamin Olusola Omiyale and Kayode Olayele Karigidi

Contact activities of Piper guineense (Schum and Thonn) and Eugenia aromaticum (L). (Merril and Perryl) extracts against larvae of hide beetles, Dermestes maculatus (Degger) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)

July 2023

Contact activities of Piper guineense (Schum and Thonn) and Eugenia aromaticum (L). (Merril and Perryl) extracts in the control of Dermestes maculatus larvae infesting stored fish (Clarias gariepinus) were investigated under laboratory condition (28 ±3°C and 65±5% RH). The extracts were tested by application of 2.0 µL each to ten third instars larvae using micro pipette at a concentration of...

Author(s): Jatau A., Badmasi M. Z and Yahaya M. A

Propagation of cochineal scale insect free cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) by in vitro regeneration culture technique in Tigray, Ethiopia

July 2023

Cactus in northern Ethiopia is an endangered plant due to the attack by cochineal scale insect (Dactylopius coccus). The aim of this study was to micro propagate disease-free and cochineal resistance cactus pear by in vitro regeneration culturing technique. The study started with young cladodes carefully removed from mother plants. The surface-sterilized 1 cm2 cladode with one areole was cultured on shoot initiation MS...

Author(s): Tsehaye Kidus Ebuy and Kiros–Meles Ayimut

The use of microsatellites in the characterization of three plantain cultivars from the Democratic Republic of Congo

June 2023

Knowledge of the genetic variability of plantain cultivars in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is limited. This study assessed genetic diversity and relationships in three plantain accessions differing in pseudostem color at seven microsatellite loci using SSR markers. DNA was extracted from banana leaves, and PCR was performed with unlabeled and fluorescent-labeled SSR primers and eventual capillary...

Author(s): Mave Dhed’asi Gracia, Dhed’a Djailo Benoit, Kateregga John N. and Nanyiti Sarah

Bioactive compounds from Juniperus procera (Cupressaceae) with activity against common bean bacterial pathogens

June 2023

Common bean is an important source of protein in sub-Saharan Africa but its production is constrained by various factors especially bacterial diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate compounds from Juniperus procera for bioactivity against common bean pathogens, Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. Solvent extraction method was used to obtain crude extracts from the...

Author(s): Teresia Wangui Nduati, Isabel Nyokabi Wagara, Waudo Walyambillah, Beatrice Were and Josphat Clement Matasyoh

Harnessing the bio-stimulatory properties of heavy metals in improving biogas yield from agro-wastes: Two-phase logistic modeling of diauxic response

May 2023

This study aimed to harness the bio-stimulatory properties of two heavy metals, Zn (II) and Cd (II) at low concentrations in improving biogas yield from anaerobic digestion of cow dung (CD) and pig dung (PD). Proximate characteristics of the feedstocks were estimated by adopting standard methods. The batch fermentation experiment which was set-up in triplicates with equal weights of CD/PD and three concentrations: 0.02,...

Author(s): Christian C. Opurum, Christopher E. Nwanyanwu, Nkemakolam A. Nwogu, Chioma B. Nwaneri and Maximus M. Ebulue

Bioactive compounds from Hagenia abyssinica with activity against bean pathogenic bacteria

May 2023

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a major food crop in Africa and its production is plagued by diseases that reduce the potential yield, thus threatening food security. This study evaluated compounds from Hagenia abyssinica for bioactivity against bean bacterial pathogens Xanthomonus axonopodis pv. phaseoli and Pseudomonus savastanoi pv. phaseolicola. One triterpenoid, 1,3,19-trihydroxy-2-oxo-12-ursen-28-oic acid...

Author(s): Isabel Nyokabi Wagara, Waudo Walyambillah, Beatrice Were David Muthama, Hellen Gathiru and Josphat Clement Matasyoh

Variability in the chemical composition and phenolic compounds of wild Tunisian populations of Nitraria retusa (Forssk.) Asch. and study of their antioxidant properties

April 2023

Six wild populations of Nitraria retusa growing in Tunisia (Mehdia, Mtorech, Kataena, Matmata, Bechima, and Tataouine) were evaluated for their mineral contents, phytochemical composition, phenols content and antioxidants activity. The preliminary phytochemical composition revealed the presence of phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, sterols terpenes and free quinones. Analysis of mineral...

Author(s): Guedri Mkaddem Mounira, Krir Nouha, Daghsni Ons, Neffeti Mohamed and Mehrez Romdhane

Evaluation of the grain yield performance of 5 soybean genotypes in Mozambique using the GGE Biplot method

March 2023

Soybean is a peculiar crop due to its photoperiod sensitivity. The introduction of this crop to a new production region requires a detailed study of its adaptability to select the best genotypes with high production stability for the region. In Mozambique, the demand for soybean grain has been growing. However, national production is low due to little knowledge of the performance of genotypes. The objective of this...

Author(s): Constantino Rico Raimundo Artur, Leonel Domingos Moiana, Manuel Pedro Maleia, Giseli Valentini, Arminda Davane Sumbuleiro and Marcos Armando Marcos

Chemical components of the volatile and non-volatile extractives of Croton species and their microbial activities

March 2023

Essential oil compounds of Croton pseudopulchellus and Croton gratissimus were analysed using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrophotometry and screened for antimicrobial activity against Bacillus pimilus (ATCC 29212), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10702), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 3983), Streptococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Escherichia coli (ATCC 4983), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 2983) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 19582)...

Author(s): I. C. Morobe, A. O. Oyedeji, S. D. Vasaikar and C. L. Obi

Production and characterisation of chitosan from chitin of snail shells by sequential modification process

February 2023

Presently, the snail shells produced wastes that are detrimental to clean immediate environment while over reliance on synthesized polymer are suicidal to environment because they are not degradable. Hence, biological production of polymer through shells of snail recycling will signal an ending to consequences associated with wastes and polymer synthesis. Therefore, the current study is targeted at chitosan extraction,...

Author(s): Abideen Adeyinka Adekanmi, Uthman Taiwo Adekanmi, Adeniyi Sheriffdeen Adekanmi, Lawal Kola Ahmad and Oluwadare Olusegun Emmanuel

In vitro anthelmintic activities of stem and root barks extracts of Parkia biglobosa on infective larvae and adult of Haemonchus contortus

January 2023

The treatment of gastrointestinal nematode infections in the 21st century is largely through the use of modern synthetic anthelmintics. However, there is over growing drug resistance to anthelmintics in treatment of gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats and sheep. This present study was carried out to determine the in vitro anthelmintic activitities of Parkia biglobosa using Larval motility inhibition assay...

Author(s): Josiah J. G., Adama J. Y., Jiya Z., Abah O. M. and Imoisi C.

Assessment of anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain against coccidia in naturally infected goats in Kenya

January 2023

The current study assessed the anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain (CNB) against coccidiosis in goats. Bromelain was extracted from the pineapple peels using standard methods while oral solution of CNB was prepared using standard manufacturing methods. The in vivo study was done on fifteen healthy male goats naturally infected with coccidia. The goats were divided into three groups consisting...

Author(s): Daiba Ahmota Romain, Ngotho Maina, Kagira John Maina, Kimotho James, Adoum Issa Youssouf and Maina Naomi,

Adsorption of lead, cadmium, and mercury ions in aqueous solution using groundnut and sheanut shells biochars

January 2023

The adsorption performance of toxic ions and effect of initial pH using groundnut shells and sheanut shells biochars were studied to ascertain the practical and theoretical basis of the use of biochars to remediate water pollution. Biochars were prepared using groundnut and sheanut shells as the feed stocks. The removal efficiencies of lead (Pb) were 100%, > 65.90% for cadmium (Cd) and 96.70% for mercury (Hg) in mono...

Author(s): Duwiejuah Abudu Ballu, Abubakari Abdul-Halim, Quainoo Albert Kojo, Amadu Yakubu and Bawa Abdul-Aziz

Some physicochemical properties of tyrosinase from sweet potato (Ipomea batatas)

December 2022

Tyrosinase catalyzes formation of browning in plants, foods and vegetables. Sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) undergoes browning after harvesting or during post-harvest operations leading to spoilage and loss of economic value. The physico-chemical properties of purified tyrosinase from I. batatas are here described with a view to providing information on the suitability or otherwise of the enzyme for several industrial and...

Author(s): Ilesanmi Olutosin Samuel, Adedugbe Omowumi Funke and Oyegoke David Adeniran

Engineering of high production of salicylic acid in transgenic hairy roots of Marigold Calendula officinalis L. by Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 13332

December 2022

This study is directed to engineering the high production of salicylic acid from both genetically transformed hairy roots and callus cultures of Marigold, Calendula officinalis L., by pRi-DNA plasmid of the wild type Agrobacterium rhizogenes ATCC 13332, via "Direct injection" and "Co-cultivation" techniques. High frequency of transformed hairy roots was recorded as leaves were inoculated by mixture...

Author(s): Al-Abasi Ihab N., Al-Mallah Mozahim K. and Bashi Bashar Z. Kassab

Molecular and physiological characterization of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding lines for fungal diseases tolerance

December 2022

Fungal diseases are one of the major causes of losses on wheat yield in the world. Recent studies on plant defense mechanisms have highlighted the role of amino acids and total polyphenols in disease tolerance. Thus, with the objective of identifying on the basis of morphological and physiological variables the high-performance wheat accessions in high and low altitude, we characterized sixteen wheat accessions via...

Author(s): Ngonkeu Eddy M. L., Damdjo Ariane, Mongoue Aminatou Fanche, Tékeu Honoré, Foko Arlette, Tsimi Patrick, Mam Charly E., Manga Jude D., Effa Pierre O., Djocgoué Pierre F. and Bote Willem C.

Microbial analysis and detection of Aflatoxin from Irvingia gabonensis kernels sold in Oyo Town, Oyo State, Nigeria

December 2022

This research work aimed at screening for different microorganisms associated with Irvingia gabonensis var. gabonesis Kernels, its nutritional value and detection of aflatoxins from some of the infested I. gabonensis Kernels sold in Oyo town. A total of 30 different I. gabonensis var. gabonesis Kernels were randomly purchased from six different points in the five major markets in Oyo town and isolation was...

Author(s): Fashogbon Racheal Oluwayemisi, Popoola Bukola Margaret, Aforijiku Samuel, Oyekanmi Ayomide Ezekiel, Uloko Osaze Ruth and Olanbiwoninu Afolake

Antibacterial Activities of selected Medicinal Plants Against Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, B and C, Clinical Isolates in North Central, Nigeria.

November 2022

The aim of the research was to investigate the antibacterial activities and the phytochemical properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Mango (Mangifera indica) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves, on clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, B and C, in Lafia, Nigeria. The agar well diffusion technique was used and the analyses were done in triplicates. At the highest aqueous and ethanolic...

Author(s): Stanislaus O. O., Etsuyankpa, M. B. and Tanko O. O.

Evaluation of Fagara zanthoxyloïdes and Mucuna pruriens extracts phenolic profile and their in vitro antioxidant activity

November 2022

In this study, the antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of extracts from the bark of Fagara zanthoxyloides and seeds of Mucuna pruriens were performed. Phytochemical analysis quantified total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins and anthocyanins and the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method. The high levels of polyphenols are obtained from the aqueous extract of F. zanthoxyloïdes (488.6 ±...

Author(s): Namkona A. F., Worowounga X., Issa Madongo M., Semboli O., Moustapha F. and M’beli G. K.

Improved SSRs-based genetic diversity assessment of coconuts (Cocos nucifera L) along the coast of Kenya

November 2022

Coconut is the most important cash crop along the Coast of Kenya, yet its genetic diversity has not been fully established. Genetic diversity study of 48 coconut genotypes, collected at the Coastal Kenya was conducted with 13 polymorphic short sequence repeats (SSRs) markers. SSR analysis was performed using GeneMapper while data analysis was done with PowerMarker and DARwin softwares. Analysis revealed a total of...

Author(s): Masha Justus C., Muhammed Najya, Njung’e Vincent, Oyoo Maurice E. and Miheso Manfred

Screening for phosphate deficiency tolerance and expression of phosphate uptake genes in Nigerian local rice landraces

October 2022

Twenty-one Nigerian rice landraces were screened for tolerance to phosphate deficiency in nutrient medium using selected morphological indices from which Phosphate Deficiency Tolerance Index (PDTI) was evaluated. All landraces were analyzed for the presence of four phosphate uptake 1 (Pup-1) gene-linked markers while relative expression levels of two Pup-1 genes were evaluated in selected landraces under zero, normal...

Author(s): Ekeme Ewona, Peter Nkachukwu Chukwurah, Effiom Eyo Ita, Valentine Otang Ntui, Charles Opara, Shidoon Edna Apaa, Vera Ojong and Edak Aniedi Uyoh

Encapsulation by complex coacervation of total flavonoids and total phenols of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardeaceae) obtained by microwave assisted extraction

October 2022

The study was carried out to produce a microcapsule powder of total flavonoids and total total phenols of methanol extract of the cashew, using a complex coacervation encapsulation method. In the search for optimal conditions for encapsulation, a three level factorial design was set up, while taking into account factors like time and proportions in Arabic gum and gelatin. The kinetic of encapsulation follows a kinetic...

Author(s): BETOLOUM Salomon Madjitoloum, MBAIOGAOU Abel, MBAIHOUGADOBE Severin, TALLA Emmanuel, NGASSOUM Martin Benoît and MAHMOUT Yaya

Semi-artificial method of induced breeding of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822) under varying broodstock ratios using Ovaprim®

October 2022

Modern methods of producing African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fingerlings require that the male brooder is sacrificed to obtain milt for artificial fertilization of the eggs stripped from the female under hormonal induction. This study assessed the semi-artificial technique of producing catfish larvae with different broodstock ratios using Ovaprim®, a synthetic spawning inducing hormone. The treatments with 3...

Author(s): Addo Samuel, Ameti Kennedy S., Sowah Winnie, Diyie Rhoda Lims, Duodu Collins P. and Asamoah Eunice K.

Effect of temperature on lipid accumulation in three green microalgae species

October 2022

The objective of this work was to analyze the growth of Scenedesmus acutus, Nannochloropsis oculata and Chlorella vulgaris at different temperatures (25, 30 and 38°C) in order to identify changes in lipid content, accumulation of neutral lipids and fatty acids profile. According to the results obtained, the temperature of 30°C does not affect the growth of the microalgae S. acutus, N. oculata and C. vulgaris;...

Author(s): Castro-Tapia Juan Marcos, Dibildox-Alvarado Elena and Soria-Guerra Ruth Elena

Cordycepin production by the potential fungal strains Cordyceps militaris BCC 2819 and Cordyceps cicadae BCC 19788 in submerged culture during batch and Fed-batch fermentation

October 2022

Cordycepin is one of the most important bioactive compounds; the low productivity and long production cycle of cordycepin are barriers to its commercialization. The optimal media for cordycepin production by Cordyceps militaris BCC 2819 and Cordyceps cicadae BCC 19788, which are potent cordycepin-producing-fungal strains, were determined through statistical experiments. Six nutrients including glucose, adenine, glycine,...

Author(s): Borworn Werapan, Pumin Nutaratat, Siriporn Ariyaphuttarat and Wai Prathumpai

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