African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5238

AJMR Articles

Combination of genetic tools to discern Bacillus species isolated from hot springs in South Africa

August 2020

Using phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene 43 Gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes were isolated, cultured and identified from five hot water springs in South Africa. Thirty-nine isolates belonged to the family Bacillaceae, genus Bacillus (n = 31) and genus Anoxybacillus (n = 8), while four isolates belonged to the family Paenibacillaceae, genus Brevibacillus. The majority of isolates...

Author(s): Jocelyn Leonie Jardine and Eunice Ubomba-Jaswa,  

Metabolomics analysis of carotenoid production from Proteiniphilum acetatigenes PSB-W based on LC-MS

August 2020

Metabolomics based on LC-MS was used for the analysis of the fermentation of Proteiniphilum acetatigenes PSB-W treated by different culture time and different light intensity. 26 putative metabolites were detected in samples treated by different culture time. Most of the components were produced in the metabolic activity in order to participate in the whole life process of bacteria. Compared with samples treated with...

Author(s): Qingping Hu, Xiaoli Gao and Yan Wang  

Evaluation of the microbiological quality of "mabokés" smothered fish and, proteolytic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus in Brazzaville, Congo

August 2020

In order to assess the health risks related to the consumption of smothered fish "mabokés" sold in the markets of Brazzaville, samples of smothered fish sold in three markets in Brazzaville were analyzed for their microbiological quality. The different samples were cultured for isolation on solid media using conventional microbiological methods. The bacteria isolated were identified on the basis of...

Author(s): Cyr Jonas Morabandza, Tarcisse Baloki Ngoulou, Valentin Dibangou, Saphia Jemylah Galekoua Ndjiwa Empilo, Armel Faly Soloka Mabika, Christian Ngo - Itsouhou, Rachel Moyen and Gabriel Ahombo  

Antibiotic resistance and genotypic detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing pathogens in catheter associated urinary tract infection at a teaching facility in Kumasi, Ghana

August 2020

This study determines the antibiotic resistance pattern of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing pathogens responsible for catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) and the genes associated with the resistance. The study used 35 ESBL-producing pathogens isolated from urine and biofilm found in CAUTI from June 2018 to November 2018. Pathogens were confirmed phenotypically for ESBL production with...

Author(s): Alexander Bekoe, Roland Azorliade, Anthony Ablordey and Matthew Glover Addo

Water quality index (WQI) and bacteriological assessment of some selected hand-dug wells in the Adenta municipality, Ghana

August 2020

Water quality was assessed from 11 hand dug wells in the Adentan Municipality using Water Quality Index (WQI) and bacteriological load as indicators. The sampling was conducted during the months of July to September, 2019. A total of 33 samples were taken from 11 hand dug wells at monthly intervals. Weighted Average Water Quality Index (WAWQI) was used to compute parameters which include temperature, pH, conductivity,...

Author(s): Phillip Adu-Gyamfi, John Asiedu Larbi and Matthew Glover Addo

Evaluation of micro-fungi associated with leaf spot of Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. in Southern Nigeria

August 2020

Fruit of Allanblackia floribunda is an active ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry. Fruit production in the species is hindered by incidence of pathogenic fungi leading to economic loss. This study was conducted to investigate micro-fungi species associated with leaf spot of A. floribunda. Field surveys were carried out in natural stands containing matured  A. floribunda trees  located at Owu Ikija, Ogun...

Author(s): Olusola O. Olasupo Adebola O. Adegeye and Samuel O. Olajuyigbe  

Antimicrobial activity of coconut water, oil and palm kernel oils extracted from coconut and palm kernel on some plasmid-mediated multi-drug resistant organisms associated with food spoilage

July 2020

This study is aimed at evaluating the antibacterial and anticandidal activity of coconut oil, fermented and unfermented coconut water and palm kernel oil (PKO) on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Corynebacterium sp. and Candida albicans. The coconut water was fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the pH, sugar and alcohol contents were determined before and after fermentation. The...

Author(s): Akpomie, Olubunmi Olufunmi, Akponah, Ejiro, Ehwarieme, Ayobola Daniel and Paul, Rachael Efem  

Comparison between wet and semi-dry anaerobic biogas diester under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions: Methane productivity and analysis of microbiota

July 2020

The current practice of using stanchion breeding cow houses results in a semi-dry manure that ideally should be used as the substrate for the anaerobic fermentation. The conventional liquid-slurry biogas fermentation is disadvantageous with high running costs due to requirement such as water addition and running efficiency, among others. This study aimed to establish a high-speed semi-dry methane fermentation system for...

Author(s): Kikue Hirota, Kosuke Hironaga, Zhihao Tu, and Isao Yumoto,

Bridging technique failure through low-tech improvisation: A case study of food microbiology

July 2020

Modern technology for food safety studies includes standardized protocols and equipment. However, appropriate technology needs to step in to bridge technology dys- or malfunctioning. We examined different low-tech methods for extraction of bacteria from fresh vegetables. Standard equipment including stomacher and filter bags were compared to extraction using bread stick and alternative filter material (nylon stocking,...

Author(s): Most Tahera Naznin, Sofia Windstam, Rumana Akter, Lars Mogren, Hanna Y. Berhane, Yemane Berhane, Eva-Charlotte Ekström, Magnus Jirström and Beatrix W. Alsanius  

A Malian native Azospirillum sp. Az6-based biofertilizer improves growth and yield of both rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.)

July 2020

The objective of this study was to improve rice and maize yields using native Azospirillum-based biofertilizer. To reach this objective, samples of rhizosphere soil, non-rhizosphere soil and roots of maize plants were collected from the particular locations of Samanko and Bamako of the south Mali. Thirty-three different colonies of bacteria were isolated from the different samples. Based on their better growth in...

Author(s): Ibrahima Mallé, Adounigna Kassogué, Amadou Hamadoun Babana, Christiane Abreu de Oliveira Paiva and Ivanildo Ivodio Murriel  

Suitability of bacterial fermentation and foil packaging of condiment from African mesquite (Prosopis africana) seeds for nutritional retention and commercialization

July 2020

The process for bacterial fermentation and foil packaging of condiment (‘Okpeye’) from African mesquite seeds was described and its nutritional enrichment and packaging improvement for commercialization were verified. The seeds (1 Kg) were cleaned, washed and boiled in autoclave at 121°C for 2 h, cooled, drained, de-hulled and divided into two portions of 300 g each. One portion was placed in sterile...

Author(s): Uzodinma E. O., Mbaeyi-Nwaoha I. E. and Onwurafor E. U.

Isolation and characterization of rhizospheric microorganisms from bacterial wilt endemic areas in Kenya

July 2020

Ralstonia solanacearum is a soil-borne bacterium causing bacterial wilt, particularly in Solanaceae crops, including tomatoes. Due to pathogen’s wide host plant range, pesticide resistance, and ability to overcome cultivars utilized for innate resistance, not even a single measure is effective against the pathogen. Screening the rhizosphere of bacterial wilt tolerant tomato plants from Bomet, Kiambu, Kajiado and...

Author(s): Kones C., Mwajita M., Kariuki L., Kiirika L. and Kavoo A.  

Cytological changes in Solanum lycopersicum seedlings in response to some rhizopheric fungi

July 2020

Some rhizospheric fungi of Solanum lycopersicum were isolated from Cairo governorate and identified in Taxonomy Department, Ain-Shams University, Cairo City, Egypt. These isolated fungi were cultivated on soil extract medium enriched with 2% (w/v) glucose and 5% (w/v) yeast extract. The cytological effects of the metabolites of these fungi on the seeds of S. lycopersicum were examined after three different intervals (6,...

Author(s): Ahmed Fouad Afifi, Ehab Abdel-Razik Kamel, Amal Abdelsamei Elsaed, Mohamed Abdelaziz Foaad, Eman Mohamed Fawzy and Heba Ibrahim Abo-Elmagd  

Molecular characterization, biofilm production and sensitivity to the natural extract of Staphylococcus spp. from subclinical mastitis in goats

July 2020

Mastitis is one of the most important diseases in dairy milk systems. Molecular studies of the principal agents that are involved, as well as tests of bacterial sensitivity to plant extracts, are currently the most common forms of research related to this disease. The aim of the present study was to molecularly characterize isolates from cases of subclinical mastitis and to investigate the production of biofilm...

Author(s): Rodolfo de Moraes Peixoto, Renata de Moraes Peixoto Araújo, Werônica de Souza Rocha, Luciana Jatobá e Silva Peixoto, Gisele Veneroni Gouveia, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida, Helinando Pequeno de Oliveira and Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa  

Epidemiology of pathogenic microorganisms, basic diseases and clinical biomarker analysis in patients with bloodstream infections from a 3A General Hospital in Lanzhou of China

July 2020

The aim of this study is to investigate the burden of basic diseases, the epidemiology of pathogenic microbes in patients with bloodstream infections and their clinical biomarkers. Data on bloodstream infections from 2012 to 2018 were obtained from a 3A General Hospital in Lanzhou of China. 1990 patients with bloodstream infections participated in the study; their basic diseases, pathogenic microorganisms and...

Author(s): Feng Qiangsheng, Song Yuejuan and Ha Xiaoqin  

Isolation and characterization of haloalkaliphilic bacteria from the hot springs of Lake Magadi

July 2020

The Magadi Lake located in the Southern Rift Valley in Kenya is a hypersaline and alkaline lake. The lake’s pH ranges from pH 9 to 11 whereas the salinity can reach saturation during the dry Season. Little studies have previously been done on Lake Magadi as compared to other soda lakes from Kenya. This study concentrated on isolating and characterizing haloalkaliphilic bacteria found in the hot springs of Lake...

Author(s): Eunice Mulango, Remmy Kasili, Romano Mwirichia, Anne-Kelly Kambura and Christabel Muhonja  

Isolation of an emerging thermotolerant medically important Fungus, Lichtheimia ramosa from soil

June 2020

Lichtheimia ramosa, a ubiquitous clinically important mould was isolated during a screen for thermotolerant fungi obtained from soil on a freshly burnt field in Ikorodu, Lagos State. In the laboratory, as expected it grew more luxuriantly on Potato Dextrose Agar than on size limiting Rose Bengal Agar. The isolate had mycelia with a white cottony appearance on both media. It was then identified based on morphological...

Author(s): Imade Yolanda Nsa, Rukayat Odunayo Kareem, Olubunmi Temitope Aina and Busayo Tosin Akinyemi  

GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Daedalea elegans: A Nigerian mushroom

June 2020

Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds present in varying levels in plants and help significantly in protecting them against pathogens. The chemical composition of acetone and ethanolic extracts of Daedalea elegans were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Twenty-eight and fourty-four compounds were identified in the acetone and ethanolic extracts respectively. Only four compounds were found...

Author(s): Grace Oluwatoyin Mensah-Agyei, Kolawole IfeOluwa Ayeni and Cajethan Onyebuchi Ezeamagu  

Evaluating the efficacy of household filters used for the removal of bacterial contaminants from drinking water

June 2020

Due to the erratic nature of microbial contaminants in drinking water, private and municipality water supply systems failed to deliver safe drinking water to households. In Ethiopia, there is lack of data and knowledge on the effectiveness of filter devices used to treat drinking water at household. This study aims to evaluate efficiency of household point of use filter devices (membrane filter, membrane with activated...

Author(s): Bayable Atnafu Kassa, Adey Feleke Desta and Fassil Assefa  

Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growing in the Far-North region of Cameroon

June 2020

The present study was carried out with the aim of highlighting the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with the rhizosphere of cotton grown in the Far-North region of Cameroon. To achieve this, composite soil and root samples were taken in six fields, chosen according to edapho-climatic conditions and types of cultural practices. After entrapping the glomales in the greenhouse, the roots of the...

Author(s): Ismael Haman Ramza, Honore Issa Koulagna, Abaka Abba Said, Philippe Kosma and Clautilde Megueni  

Fungal diversity within organic and conventional farming systems in Central Highlands of Kenya

June 2020

Fungal diversity in agro-ecosystems is influenced by various factors related to soil and crop management practices. However, due to the complexity in fungal cultivation, only a limited number has been extensively studied. In this study, amplicon sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region was used to explore their diversity and composition within long-term farming system comparison trials at Chuka and...

Author(s): Edward Nderitu Karanja, Andreas Fliessbach, Noah Adamtey, Anne Kelly Kambura, Martha Musyoka, Komi Fiaboe, and Romano Mwirichia  

Presence of phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes on rice and avocado crops in Tolima (Colombia)

June 2020

Tolima is one of the largest zones in Colombia where avocado and rice are produced. The disease management programs for these crops are mainly chemical-dependent and tend to have variable results since the diagnosis of some diseases is based on unspecific symptoms. In this context, the present study aims to bring information about the phytopathogens affecting Tolima´s rice and avocado crops. From foliar tissue,...

Author(s): Vinchira-Villarraga Diana Marcela, Macias-Camacho Jeimy, Mendez-Olivera Juan David, Méndez-Tibambre María Elizabeth, Rodríguez-García Victoria, Saavedra-Orduz Zeidy, Torres-López Michael Alejandro and Moreno-Sarmiento Nubia  

Phenotypic detection of extended spectrum β-lactamase and Metallo β-lactamase production by Gram negative uropathogens after exposure to gamma radiation

June 2020

Eighty-five uropathogen isolates were collected and differentiated on the basis of their Gram stain reaction. Among the collected isolates, 25 (29.4%) were Gram positive cocci and 60 (70.6%) were Gram negative bacilli. Antibiotic susceptibility profile towards 15 different antibiotics concluded that impenime (IMP), amikacin (AK) and Pipperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) were the most effective against Gram negative; while...

Author(s): Yehia Ahmed El-Zawahry, Lotfy Abd-El-Rehem Mousa, Eman Araby and Salma Abd El Monsef-Elnahass  

First novel phages from rodents with lytic activity on clinical Enterobacteriaceae strains: Initiation for phage therapy in West Africa

June 2020

Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria. The emergence of resistant bacteria has been reported worldwide. The use of phages to treat bacterial infection or to reduce bacteria load has become a new area of interest. The viral colonization of rodents represents an important source for a specific biotope. The objective of this study is to characterize the effect of novel phages isolated from rodents...

Author(s): Kakou-Ngazoa E. Solange, Addablah A. Audrey, Krylova Katerina, Saraka Daniel, Kouassi K. Stéphane, Coulibaly Ngolo David, Sina Kouamé Mireille, Aoussi Serge, Dozois Charles and Dosso Mireille

Antibacterial resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from clinical specimens at Uttara IbnSina Diagnostic Centre, Dhaka

May 2020

Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat. Bangladesh is accelerated to this owing to its sub-standards healthcare along with the self-medication and overuse of antibiotics. The study aimed to assess patterns of antibacterial resistance in the clinical samples. The study was carried out at Ibn Sina Diagnostic and Consultation Center Uttara, Dhaka, from January to December 2019. All cultures and...

Author(s): Rashid Md Haroon, Md Motiur Rahman, Hafiza Sultana, Md Khorshedul Islam, M. M. Nahid Al Rakib, Muhammad Abul Kalam and Syeda Sumaiya Efa

Naftifine inhibits pigmentation through down-regulation on expression of phytoene desaturase gene CAR1 in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

May 2020

Naftifine, an antifungal drug, inhibits pigmentation in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. However, the relative mechanism is minutely understood. In this study, regulation of gene expression by naftifine was investigated to elucidate mechanism of yeast de-pigmentation. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The qPCR results showed that mRNA...

Author(s): Guowang Huang, Nur Fazleen Binti Idris, Yimin Li, Yang Wang and Zeng Tu  

Distribution of β-Lactam resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical and environmental sources in two tertiary hospitals in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

May 2020

For appropriate control of infections, it is necessary to possess updated awareness about occurrence of the caus­ative agents. Gram-negative bacteria are considered important microorganisms that cause hospital infections. Clinical multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria were obtained from clinical samples including urine, high vaginal swab (HVS), wound swab (WS), stools, ear swab (ES), endocervical swab (ECS),...

Author(s): Florence Bose Omoregbe and Obasola Ezekiel Fagade  

Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Succinovibrio dextrinosolvens promoting the growth of maize and soybean plants

May 2020

Plant growth promoting bacteria can be an alternative to increase plant production, and reduce production costs and environmental impacts. Ruminal bacteria have several abilities and some of them are related to plant growth promotion. The aim of this study is to evaluate the increase in maize and soybean plants and in soils promoted by the inoculation of three ruminal bacteria: Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus...

Author(s): Ana Claudia dos Santos, Saveetha Kandasamy and Everlon Cid Rigobelo  

Assessing the polymorphism of DHFR gene from Plasmodium falciparum in the south of Côte d’Ivoire

May 2020

Since 2005, Côte d'Ivoire has adopted new strategies of malaria management including free provision of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) to children less than five years of age and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) for pregnant women. However, introduction of ATCs raises concerns about the extensive use of cheap SP which could increase Plasmodium falciparum...

Author(s): Dagnogo Oléfongo, Ako Aristide Berenger, Bla Kouakou Brice, Dago Dougba Noel, Coulibaly N&#;golo David, Coulibaly Baba, Touré Offianan André and Djaman Allico Joseph,  

In vitro efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum and detached leaflet assay on late blight pathogen: Phytophthora infestans

May 2020

Late blight is highly variable adapting to new fungicides and overcoming host resistance. The objective of the study was to determine efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum against Phytophthora infestans and its compatibility with fungicides. T. asperellum at 33% (3 × 106), 66% (7 × 106) and 100% (1 × 107 CFU/mL; g/L),   Ridomil® (Metalaxyl 4% + Mancozeb 64%) and Mistress 72® (Cynamoxil...

Author(s): Kilonzi J. M., Mafurah J. J. and Nyongesa M. W.  

Occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in aquaculture farms in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

May 2020

Aquaculture provides a significant proportion of the fish consumed around the world. In West Africa, aquaculture is an important economic sector. However, several diseases with high fish mortality are caused by bacterial infections.  Due to the lack of surveillance in aquaculture, this study investigated the presence of bacteria in fish farms. The purpose of the study was to isolate bacteria in aquaculture (Ivory...

Author(s): Amian Aristide KOUDOU, Solange KAKOU-NGAZOA, Kouadio Fernique KONAN, Edwige AKA, Audrey ADDABLAH, David COULIBALY N’GOLO, Stéphane KOUASSI, Mireille Kouamé SINA, Hortense ATTA DIALLO, Nathalie GUESSEND, Serge AHOUSSI and Mireille DOSSO

Food hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among hospital food handlers in Elmanagil City, Sudan

April 2020

Food borne diseases (FBDs) can occur due to the health status of the food handlers. The present study aimed to assess food hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among hospital food handlers of ElManagil City, Sudan. A cross-sectional study was administered to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices, in food hygiene among hospital food handlers through a questionnaire. The food handlers expressed a level of...

Author(s): Omar B. Ahmed,Shadia S. Mohamed, Anas S. Dablool and Mohammed A. Elawad,

Formulation and pathogenicity of a bioherbicide for wild poinsettia control

April 2020

Adequate formulation of bioproducts represents one of the most challenging aspects of bioproduct development. The incorporation of adjuvants with bioagents can positively influence product development. However, it is indispensable to evaluate the sensitivity of bioagents to these adjuvants. The aim of this study was to determine the toxicity of seven adjuvants at different concentrations to Bipolaris yamadae (Bipolaris...

Author(s): Ana Carolina Ribeiro Machado, Noemi Carla Baron, Saveetha Kadasamy and Everlon Cid Rigobelo  

Chemical composition and in-vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oil of African nutmeg (Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal on microorganisms isolated from smoke-dried catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

April 2020

Dried seeds of Monodora myristica were obtained from Oba market in Edo State, ground into fine powder and stored in an air tight plastic container at room temperature until when used. Essential oils were extracted using steam distillation and characterised using the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique. Microbial isolates obtained from smoke dried fish samples purchased from Oba Market, Benin City, Edo...

Author(s): Akise O. G., Fasakin E. A. and Adeparusi E. O.  

Physicochemical and microbiological evaluation of water from western part of the Rio Grande does Norte, Brazil

April 2020

The water quality evaluation with reference to parameters of drinkability is made through a series of analyses, which are physicochemical or microbiological. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of drinking water distribution network in the western part of the Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Water samples were collected in several neighborhoods, and divided into 5 zones. In each of...

Author(s): Manoel Marcelino da Silva, Francisco Marlon Carneiro Feijó, Nilza Dutra Alves, Gardênia Silvana de Oliveira Rodrigues, Caio Sergio Santos and Fernando da Costa Fernandes  

Chemical composition and control of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc by essential oils

April 2020

Essential oils of medicinal plants show potential to control phytopathogens. Essential oils of Lippia sidoides Cham, Lippia lasiocalycina Cham, Lippia origanoides Kunth - Teresina, Lippia origanoides Kunth - Jatobá, Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze, Croton sonderianus Muell. Arg. And Croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm. were evaluated regarding their chemical composition and in controlling the Sclerotium...

Author(s): Ananda Rosa Beserra Santos, Delson Laranjeira, Larisse Raquel Carvalho Dias, Edymilais Da Silva Sousa, Christian Dário Silva De Melo, Sidney Gonçalo De Lima, Paulo Henrique Soares Da Silva and Candido Athayde Sobrinho  

Microbial load of indoor airborne bacteria and fungi in a teaching hospital in Ghana

March 2020

The hospital, even though a place for the sick people, is inhabited by medical staff, administrative, security and patients who may share common microbes in the hospital environment. Some of these organisms may be pathogenic and may pose health hazard to humans through inhalation in the hospital atmosphere. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the microbial load of airborne microorganisms in some...

Author(s): Enoch Kwaku Larrey, Jacob Nii Ayitey Laryea, Stephen Wilson Kpordze and Courage Kosi Setsoafia Saba  

Biosurfactant production potential of bacillus obtained from dye effluent

February 2020

This study investigated the biosurfactant productions potentials of Bacillus isolated from dye effluent. Samples were collected under aseptic condition from three areas of Sokoto (Marina, Unguwar rogo and Minannata) in Nigeria and transported in an ice bag to microbiology laboratory of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Enumeration, identification and characterization of the isolates were carried out using standard...

Author(s): Abubakar, U., Ibrahim, U. B., Fardami, A. Y., Kawo, A. H. and Dankaka, S. M.

Prevalence of Rickettsia typhi in rodent fleas from areas with and without previous history of plague in Mbulu district, Tanzania

February 2020

Murine (endemic) typhus is a flea-borne infectious disease caused by Rickettsia typhi. The disease transmission cycle has similarities to that of Yersinia pestis causing plague. It is hypothesized that murine typhus is prevalent in areas with plague transmission. This study aims at detection of R. typhi in rodent fleas by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A cross sectional study was carried out in Mbulu...

Author(s): Claus A. Thomas, Abdul A. S. katakweba, Apia W. Massawe, Rhodes H. Makundi, Robert S. Machang’u and Stella T. Kessy  

MALDI-TOF identification of Campylobacter isolated from patients consulted in private laboratories in France

February 2020

Campylobacter is a major agent of gastroenteritis worldwide. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have been increasing in both developed and developing countries over the last decade. In this study, 197 strains of successive Campylobacter-like were identified in French laboratories in September 2018. Bacterial isolates from clinical samples were identified with a mass spectrometer (Ultraflex III TOF/TOF...

Author(s): René Dembélé, Astrid Ducournau, Alice Buissonnière, Lucie Bruhl, Francis Megraud, Emilie Bessède, Nicolas Barro, and Philippe Lehours,  

Biofilm-inhibition activities of fractions of Senna Siamea (LAM) Irwin & Barneby leaf against Escherichia coli

February 2020

Escherichia coli has carved its niche in the urinary tract with the formation of a formidable matrix called biofilm. This biofilm is not only recalcitrant to the body’s immune system but also resistant to antibacterial agents. Senna siamea (Lam) Irwin and Barneby is a medicinal plant with established antibacterial effect against planktonic cells of many bacteria. An attempt was made herein to evaluate the effect...

Author(s): Usman N. A., Adeshina G. O., Tytler B. A. and Abdulrahim U.

Biological activity and production of metabolites from Amazon endophytic fungi

February 2020

Obtaining bioactive metabolites from endophytic microorganisms has become increasingly more interesting in the last few decades, since endophytes are known for their biotechnological potential. However, studies involving endophytic microbiota from tropical hosts are still scarce. In this study, the production of bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi isolated from Amazonian plants were evaluated. Two fungi...

Author(s): Raiana Silveira Gurgell, Juliana Gisele Corrêa Rodrigues, Rosiane Rodrigues Matias, Bárbara Nunes Batista, Rafael Lopes e Oliveira and Patrícia Melchionna Albuquerque,  

Phylogenetic analysis of multidrug resistant E. coli isolates from the urinary tract in Bushenyi district, Uganda using the new Clermont phylotyping method

February 2020

Due to the increasing rates of multidrug resistance (MDR) among the Enterobacteriaceae that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs), selection of antimicrobial agents for empirical therapy is becoming a major challenge. This study determines the antimicrobial resistance profiles, multidrug resistance profiles, multiple antibiotic resistance indices (MARI), factors associated with MDR UTIs and the phylogenetic groups of...

Author(s): Martin Odoki, Adamu Almustapha Aliero, Julius Tibyangye, Sarah Kemuma Onkoba, Bashir Alkali, Josephat Nyabayo Maniga, Emmanuel Eilu, Eddie Wampande, Charles Drago Kato, Ezera Agwu, and Joel Bazira

Seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in the Middle-Belt of Nigeria

January 2020

The aim of the study was to establish the seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) among cattle and small ruminants received at abattoirs in Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 643 blood samples were taken from 324 cattle and 319 sheep and goats. These samples were screened for CBPP and CCPP using rapid latex agglutination tests. The majority were from the north of...

Author(s): Olorunshola Isaac Dayo, Daodu, Babatunde Oluwafemi, Ajiboye, Busayo, Folaranmi Emanuel Bode, Nicholas Robin A. J., Adegboye David S. and Peters Andrew R.  

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacteriaceae isolates from Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Tanzania

January 2020

This study aimed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility of members of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Antimicrobial susceptibility of 67 Flavobacteriaceae isolates originating mainly from ponds and Lake Victoria against 19 antimicrobial agents was determined by the broth micro dilution method. Overall, most isolates were susceptible to enrofloxacin (97%; MIC90 2 μg/ml)...

Author(s): Elisa Mwega, Augustino Chengula, Duncan Colquhoun, Stephen Mutoloki, Robinson Mdegela, Øystein Evensen and Yngvild Wasteson  

Efficacy of two diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious bursal disease viruses in chicken from different types of bursal samples

January 2020

Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is an economically important irreversible immunosuppressive disease of young birds. The present study was designed to confirm the efficacy of two common diagnostic tests for the detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) from the three types of bursal samples collected from a recent outbreak in layer and broiler chickens of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. This study compared the...

Author(s): Fahmida Afrin, M. M. R. Chowdhury, Chang-Yeon Cho, Seungchang Kim, Hee-Jong Roh, Dong-Kyo Kim, Md. Alimul Islam and Sukumar Saha

Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities

January 2020

Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities of a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil, was assessed. Samples of Lactuca sativa, L., Coriandrum sativum and Solanum lycopersicum, soil, and irrigation water were analyzed between August and October, 2015. Total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli, molds and yeasts on vegetables, soil and water, heterotrophic...

Author(s): Juciene de Jesus Barreto da Silva, Felipe Silva de Miranda, Jamille de Souza Almeida, Ana Lucia Moreno Amor and Isabella de Matos Mendes da Silva  

Studies on optimization of L-glutaminase production under submerged fermentation from marine Bacillus subtilis JK-79

January 2020

In the current study, a marine strain Bacillus subtilis JK-79 capable of producing L-glutaminase enzyme, was analyzed for maximal L-glutaminase production. The Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was applied to determine the significant variables. Optimum conditions of the significant variables on L-glutaminase production were determined by the Central Composite Design (CCD) of response surface methodology. Maximum...

Author(s): Jambulingam Kiruthika and Saranya Murugesan

Comparative bacteriological analysis of stored borehole water sources in Oyo town, Oyo State, Nigeria

January 2020

Water contamination is one of the leading causes of deaths and diseases worldwide, accounting for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily, majority being children under 5 years old, therefore periodic monitoring of municipal water supplies are necessary. Comparative bacteriological analyses of twenty five samples of stored borehole water from five hostels in a tertiary institution in Oyo, Oyo State, was carried out...

Author(s): Oluwasanmi Anuoluwapo ADEYEMI, Tobiloba Kehinde EFUNWOLE and Afolake Atinuke OLANBIWONINU

Evaluation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented mustards in lowering hypercholesterol by using bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity and bile salt de-conjugation

December 2019

This work evaluates lactic acid bacteria (LAB) obtained from fermented mustards for lowering cholesterol. The LAB strains’ ability to reduce cholesterol in vitro was determined using activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and deconjugation of bile salt in vitro. The LAB strains were examined for their ability to resist acid and bile salt. Strains that can reduce cholesterol adhere to Caco-2 cells and they were...

Author(s): Shu Chen Wang, Chen Kai Chang, Shu Chia Chang, Chih Kuang Chiu and Pin-Der Duh

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