July 2019
Testing vertical distance and growth medium for vertically farming bush beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in urban agriculture
Vertical farming implies growing crops in superimposed growth beds. This study assessed the effects of vertical distance between growth beds and growth medium on beans and tomatoes. Three levels of vertical spacing and three levels of growth medium were studied in a split plot design and three replicates. The vertical distance was tested in main plots while the growth medium was tested in sub-plots. The main plot was a...
July 2019
Influence of GA3 on seed multiplication of CMS lines used for hybrid rice development
In Pakistan, the F1 seed production ranks very low in the three-line system. One of the reasons is poor panicle exertion and less out crossing rate in the female lines. Gibbrillic Acid (GA3) increase the seed and improve panicle exertion as well as outcrossing. This study was designed to identify the suitable doses of GA3 application in the seed multiplication block of different CMS lines. The material comprising both...
July 2019
Anatomical adaptations in species of Poaceae growing in Al-Ha'ir region of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The aim of this work was to determine the anatomical adaptations of leaves and stems of four species of Poaceae (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers., Chloris barbata SW. (Chloridoideae), Setaria verticillata L. P. Beauv., and Panicum coloratum L. (Panicoideae)) growing naturally at Al-Ha'ir region near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cross-sections of the leaves revealed that the epidermis cells were spherical to oval and formed one...
June 2019
Association and variation on boll and seed morphology among hybrids between linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and Linum bienne Mill. and their parents
Linseed is the only cultivated species from the genus Linum and selection is the most frequently used method to develop varieties from the crop resulting in the reduction of the genetic diversity. Linum bienne Mill. is genetically more diverse than linseed and produces fertile hybrids with linseed. The author aimed for the development of hybrids with new combinations of genes useful for variety development programme....
June 2019
Adaptability and yield stability of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties studied using GGE-biplot analysis in the highland environments of South-western Ethiopia
The objectives of this study were to evaluate released Ethiopian bread wheat varieties for yield stability using the GGE biplot method and identify well adapted and high-yielding genotypes for the highland environments of South-western Ethiopia. Twenty five varieties were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Dedo and Gomma during the main cropping season of 2016 and at Dedo,...
June 2019
Determination of concentration of heavy metals in ginger using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
Concentrations of four heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb) in two ginger varieties were determined using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) with wet acidic digestion methods. Results showed that the concentration of zinc is 0.86 to 1.17 mg/kg in Hargama and 0.63 to 0.87 mg/kg in Bolbo varieties. The concentration of nickel for Hargama and Bolbo are 0.15 to 0.18 and 0.17 to 0.21 mg/kg, respectively. Zinc...
June 2019
Genetic diversity, variability and characterization of the agro-morphological traits of Northern Ghana Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima) accessions
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. altissima), a bast fibre crop adapted to the warm climate of Northern Ghana, offers a great economic potential not yet explored for lack of information on its distribution, collection, and genetic diversity. Little variability is reported in exotic genotypes to merit trait improvement. The objective of this study is to investigate distribution and diversity in roselle of Northern Ghana....
May 2019
Control of some Penicillium and Aspergillus rots of Discorea alata Poir and Discorea rotundata L. using extracts of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal.) Linn. and Syzygium aromaticum (Linn.) Merr.
The antimicrobial activities of Xylopia aethiopica and Syzygium aromaticum extracts on fungi associated with rotting white and water yam was investigated. Diseased and healthy yam species of Dioscorea spp. were obtained from some markets. Fungal isolation was done from the samples using standard procedures. Leaves and fruits of X. aethiopica and S. aromaticum were obtained from the botanical garden, University of...
May 2019
Combining ability of highland adapted maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for grain yield and yield related traits under optimum and low nitrogen conditions
Maize is staple cereal crop in Ethiopia despite the fact that its production is constrained by nitrogen deficiency due to the high cost of fertilizer, and risks of drought. Therefore, development of maize varieties for low nitrogen might be one of the options to overcome the problem. The objective of this study was to estimate combining ability of highland maize inbred lines for yield and yield related traits under low...
April 2019
Agro-physiological responses of okra genotypes cultivated under water deficit conditions
Water is a scarce resource, and Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is grown in wet and dry seasons. For its dry season cultivation, alternative water sources are used for watering, but these sources are not sustainable in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to determine water deficit effect on okra’s behavior. Five genotypes of okra were subjected to three water regimes: (i) T1, watering at 100% of soil...
April 2019
Taxonomic significance of the vegetative anatomy of members of genera Colocasia (L.) Schott and Xanthosoma (L.) Schott in the family Araceae
Anatomical attributes are important for taxonomic studies of plants. This study investigated foliar and petiole anatomy of some members of the genera Colocasia and Xanthosoma. Similar and diagnostic characters critical for the taxonomy of the two genera were identified. The similar characters include, polygonal epidermal cell shape, straight adaxial anticlinal wall pattern, brachyparacytic stomata type, elliptic...
April 2019
Nutrient and antinutrient constituents in seeds of Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. Ex A. Rich.) Harms
Nutrient and antinutrient constituents in seeds of Sphenostylis stenocarpa were determined. The proximate composition revealed that S. stenocarpa seed contains 12.44% moisture, 18.55% protein, 2.41% lipid, 2.93% ash, 1.95% fibre, 74.16% carbohydrate and 392.50 kcal caloric value. The antinutrients analysis showed that the seed contains 15.25 mg/100 g hydrocyanide, 144.14 mg/100 g tannins, 1.01 mg/100 g phytate and 61.60...
March 2019
Influence of combined application of P fertilizer and lime on Mucuna flagellipes nodulation, growth and yield
Field studies were carried out in the Teaching and Research farm of Cross River University of Technology, Obubra, Nigeria in 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons to determine the effects of lime and phosphorus on the nodulation of Mucuna flagellipes. The experimental design was a 3 × 4 factorial of three lime rates: 0, 1 and 2 t CaCO3/ha and four P rates: 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P/ha laid out in a randomized complete block...
March 2019
Predicting aflatoxin content in peanuts using ambient temperature, soil temperature and soil moisture content during pod development
Higher than acceptable aflatoxin levels in peanut kernels (Arachis hypogaea L.) and related products is a worldwide food safety concern. Strict regulatory standards by major importers of peanuts limit the marketability of peanuts for many developing tropical countries including Zambia. The incidence of pre-harvest aflatoxins is strongly linked to soil and weather conditions during pod-development. This study aimed to...
March 2019
Evaluation of triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack) genotypes for adult plant resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici)
Stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) is one of the three rust diseases that infect triticale (X. Triticosecale Wittmack). Twenty-six triticale genotypes were evaluated for adult plant resistance (APR) to stem rust (Sr) infection in the greenhouse in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). R-TR (resistant –trace or minimal uredinia) reactions were observed on 6 genotypes EUT046, EUT59, EUT090, EUT093,...
February 2019
Family Neuradaceae J. G. Agardh in Saudi Arabia
Morphological characters, seed coat sculpturing (SEM) of seed, leaf, pollen grains and also a key aspects were revisited to revise relationships between dissimilar taxa of the genus Neurada in Saudi Arabia. The present revision shows the occurrence of three distinctive varieties (var. procambens, var. al-eisawii and var. stellate); the last two varieties considered a new registration in Flora of Saudi...
February 2019
Genetic variability studies of some quantitative traits in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata l. [walp]) under water stress
This research was conducted to study genetic variability of some quantitative traits in varieties of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. [Walp.]) under water stressed in Zaria Sudan Savannah, Nigeria. Seven varieties of cowpea (Sampea 1, Sampea 2, IAR1074, Sampea 7, Sampea 8, Sampea 10 and Sampea 12) collected from Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru, Zaria, were screened for tolerance to water stress. The seeds were...
February 2019
Correlations and path Analysis of some quantitative characters in barley (Hordeum vulgareum L.) landraces in western Oromia, Ethiopia
Barley is recognized as one of the oldest cereal crop in Ethiopia grown for various uses. The knowledge of the association between various yield components and yield is paramount important for effective selection in crop improvement. The present study was to determine the interrelationship and direct and indirect effects of yield component traits on grain yield of Ethiopian landraces barley for further...
January 2019
Traits association and path coefficient analysis of yield and related traits in rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes in North Western Ethiopia
The current study was conducted to assess the trait association and path analyses in thirty-six rain fed lowland rice genotypes at two locations. The aim of this present study was to estimate the extent of association between pairs of characters at phenotypic and genotypic levels and thereby compare the direct and indirect effects of the characters. The field experiment was laid out in 6x6 simple lattice design with two...
January 2019
Growth, yield component and yield response of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. Durum) to blended NPS fertilizer supplemented with N rates at Arsi Negelle, Central Ethiopia
Proper type and amount of fertilizer application is the major factor that affects yield and yield components of durum wheat. Hence, field experiment was carried out on farmer’s field to determine the effect of blended NPS fertilizer (19% Nitrogen, 38% P2O5 and 7% Sulfur) in combination with nitrogen on growth, yield components, and yield of durum wheat. Factorial combinations of three blended NPS levels (100, 150,...
December 2018
Review on effect of population density and tuber size on yield components and yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Population density and seed tuber is an important agronomic management practices in the production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). However, potato farmers in Ethiopia often use random population density and tuber sizes, which contribute to the low yield of the crop. Thus the objective of this study is to review effect of population density and tuber size on yield components and yield of potato. The result of this...
December 2018
Effect of genotype and environment on grain quality of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) lines evaluated in Kenya
Grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) has a great potential for use as food and beverage in developing countries. However, information regarding the effect of the agro-ecological environments on the grain quality attributes of selected sorghum lines desirable for malting and brewing and for baking in Kenya, is lacking. The experiments of this study were conducted at different environmental locations in Kisumu, Siaya and Busia...
December 2018
Nitrogen release dynamics of Erythrina abyssinica and Erythrina brucei litters as influenced by their biochemical composition
Litter mineralization is a crucial process in providing nutrients through decomposition to plants, which also depends in the biochemical composition of the litter and soil properties as well. Decomposition rate of Erythrina abyssinica and Erythrina brucei in Luvisol was investigated in relation to their nutrient release dynamics such as NH4+-N and NO3--N in relation to their initial concentrations of lignin, acid...
December 2018
Effects of waterlogging on growth, biomass and antioxidant enzymes on upper ground and roots of two peony cultivars
Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) is a perennial deciduous shrub with ornamental and medicinal value. Waterlogging stress is an agricultural problem for peony in Jiangnan of China. This study investigated the growth, biomass, cell membrane permeability and antioxidant enzymes of two P. suffruticosa cultivars ‘Feng Dan Bai (FDB)’ and ‘MingXing (MX)’. The response of roots and upper ground to...
December 2018
Effect of Electrocultre on seed germination and growth of Raphanus sativus (L)
Experiments were carried out to study the effect of electricity on the seed germination and growth of the Raphanus sativus. For the experiment, twelve pots were grouped into four sets, each containing three pots. In each pot, 20 seeds were sowed. While keeping all the parameters constant 3V, 6V and 9V electricity was supplied for 10 min daily to three groups only, while one set of three pots were not supplied with the...
November 2018
Evaluation of Growth, Yield and Quality of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varieties at Bule, Southern Ethiopia
This experiment was aimed to evaluate the performance of potato varieties in respect to growth, yield and quality attributes. A field experiment was carried out in Bule, Southern Ethiopia during the summer of 2017 under rain fed condition. The experiment was a single factor and arranged with randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Treatments included different potato varieties (Bule, Gudenie, Jalenie,...
November 2018
Evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) advance uniform lines using multivariate analysis
Principal component analysis is a multivariate statistical technique used to observe the variance and to assess the relative influence of various traits for aggregate variability. In this study, ten advance uniform rice lines were grown for two consecutive years and morphometric data on eight yield and yield related attributes were collected. The principle component analysis was performed on the means of two...
November 2018
Effect of brewery effluent on the anatomical and morphological structure of Talinum triangulare (Jacq) Willd
The study was carried out to determine effect of brewery effluent on the anatomical and morphological characters of Talinum triangulare. Seeds from matured T. triangulare were germinated and transplanted into plastic containers. The seeds were irrigated with 10, 20, 30 and 40% effluent concentrations respectively. A control experiment irrigated with normal water was also set aside. Data were collected on weekly basis...
November 2018
Genotypic response to weeding regimes of upland rice on woodland savannah sub-ecological area of Lake Albert crescent zone of Uganda
Weeds represent one of the major biological constraints to upland rice production in low input agricultural systems. The effects of weeding regimes and rice cultivars on weed growth and rice yield were investigated over three seasons. Four weeding regimes [0 (no weeding control), 1, 2, and 3] and three popular rice varieties (NARIC 2, a local cultivar, and NERICA 4), were tested in 4x3 factorial experiment in a...
November 2018
Assessment of the allelopathic effects of seeds and seedlings of rotational crops and ryegrass
Allelopathic effects were evaluated for a series of rotational crops, namely barley, canola, wheat, lupine, medic, lucerne (alfalfa) and ryegrass in laboratory studies. This followed on a field assessment of these crops to identify inter-species phytotoxic effects. Two different experiments to determine phytotoxicity effects of seed and seedling leachates were conducted under controlled conditions. The first experiment...
October 2018
Characterization of markers linked to resistance motifs against maize lethal necrosis in Tanzanian maize germplasm
Among the biological constraints facing maize production in Tanzania is a severe occurrence of maize lethal necrosis disease (MLN) raising an urgent need for application of new approaches. A pool of 22 maize genotypes with promising resistance and susceptibility to MLN infection were evaluated by Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting analysis to detect genetic variation in the selected lines....
October 2018
Agronomic performance of pro vitamin a cassava varieties in three locations in Nigeria
In an early yellow root cassava study in 2003 to 2004, we investigated agronomic performance of pro Vitamin A (yellow fleshed) cassava genotypes in three locations in Nigeria (Ibadan, Mokwa, and Onne). Twenty-two clones and three checks were evaluated. A randomized complete block design was used with four replications. Characteristics showing significant differences among genotypes across all locations included...
October 2018
Effect of native mycorrhizal fungi inoculants on the growth and phosphorus uptake of tree legumes: Erythryna brucei and Millettia ferruginea
The inoculation study was conducted in the greenhouse to investigate the effect of phosphorus (P) concentrations on growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization of multipurpose tree legumes Erythrina brucei and Millettia ferruginea. Plant growth parameters (shoot length, dry weight) and P uptake increased significantly after inoculations with AM fungi, Rhizophagus clarus, Rhizophagus intraradices and the...
October 2018
Survey of Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) on maize (Zea mays) in major highland and mid-altitudes of maize growing agro-ecologies of Western part of Oromia, Ethiopia
Turcicum leaf blight (Exserohilum turcicum) (TLB) is a major disease affecting maize (Zea mays) in western Ethiopia. This study was designed to: assess the incidence and severity of TLB in major highland and mid-altitudes of maize growing agro-ecologies of Western Oromia, map the geographical distribution of the TLB disease in the study area, and evaluate the reaction of maize varieties under production to TLB. From...
September 2018
Integrated management of Aspergillus species and aflatoxin production in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) through application of farm yard manure and seed treatments with fungicides and Trichoderma species
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important cash crop in the lowland areas of Ethiopia. However, prevalence of Aspergillus invasions and subsequent aflatoxin contamination compromises the quality of groundnut kernels. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of farm yard manure (FYM) and seed treatments against Aspergillus species pod colonization and aflatoxin accumulation under field conditions. The...
September 2018
Physiological characterization of NADP-malic enzyme activity under 2,4-D toxicity in an aquatic fern, Azolla pinnata R.Br.
This work proposes NADP-ME activity as bio-indices for herbicidal sensitivity in Azolla pinnata R.Br. under 2,4-D toxicity. Azolla fronds were illuminated under saturated photosynthetic flux and bicarbonate induction. There was significant variation in the NADP-ME activity under light and dark conditions. This increased more when varying concentrations of 2,4-D were used for the up regulation of enzyme activity...
September 2018
Effects of seedling age and rates of phosphorus fertilizer on growth and yield performance of onion (Allium cepa L.) under irrigation at Alage, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Onion is an important cultivated crop as a condiment as well as a source of income for many farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of the crop is much lower due to different problems. A field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of seedling age and phosphorus rate on growth and yield performance of onion at Alage, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia, during 2016/2017 season. The treatments comprised...
September 2018
Genotype and genotype by environment interaction and grain yield stability of medium maturity groups of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] varieties in Western Oromia, Ethiopia
The objectives of this study were to identify high yielding and stable medium maturity soybean varieties across environment and examine the influence of genotype × environment interaction (GEI) on grain yield of soybean varieties in western Oromia. Seven early soybean varieties were evaluated at five locations (Bako, Gute, Billo, Chewaka and Uke) using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three...
August 2018
Comparative study of yield performance and nutrient composition of the edible mushroom Pleurotus pulmonarius, cultivated on different substrates
Sawdust from four types of woods (Milicia excelsa, Gmelina arborea, Afzelia africana and Khaya senegalensis) was used for cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius. Growth and yield of fruiting bodies were monitored and biological efficiency (BE) determined. Proximate composition of fruiting bodies was determined; total phenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of the extract from the mushrooms were...
August 2018
Evaluation of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties for yield and reaction to chocolate spot disease at Chencha, Southern Ethiopia
Field experiment was conducted at Chencha Woreda with the objective of evaluating faba bean varieties for better yield and chocolate spot disease resistance during 2015 main cropping season. Ten improved faba bean varieties and two local controls were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Field performances of varieties were evaluated for grain yield and yield parameters on...
August 2018
Response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties to rates of blended NPS fertilizer in Adola district, Southern Ethiopia
Common bean is one of the most economically important pulse crops cultivated in Ethiopia. However, its average yield reported at national level remains far below the potential yield to be attained. This is partly due to low soil fertility management, inappropriate agronomic packages and diseases and pest problems. Hence, this experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of blended NPS rates on growth, yield and...
August 2018
Protocol optimization for in vitro propagation of two Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties through lateral bud culture
Potato is a versatile vegetable that is eaten all around the year. The objective of this study was to establish a protocol for in vitro micropropagation of Gudene and Belete popular varieties in Ethiopia from lateral bud explants. For shoot induction and multiplication, lateral bud explants were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with different concentration levels of PGRS. Rooting was done on the same media type...
August 2018
Study on suitability of locally available substrates for cultivation of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in Jimma zone, Oromia regional state, southwestern Ethiopia
A mushroom is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above the ground on soil. The nutritional value of mushrooms is greater than one may think. Generally, it is a nature's hidden treasures of nutrition. The aim of this study was to access the suitability of available agro wastes of some lignocelluloses materials containing five different types of main substrates namely, sawdust...
July 2018
Attenuation effect of plant canopy sizes on microclimate in urban greenspaces within Nairobi City, Kenya
Diversity of plant species could have a different influence on urban microclimate and thermal comfort. However, the magnitude of different plant species to ameliorate urban microclimate by cooling the urban microclimate and improving thermal comfort based on their allometric properties at any particular time of the day is unknown for urban environments. This paper presents the result of a study conducted in Kenya to...
July 2018
Effect of substrate media on growth, yield and nutritional composition of domestically grown oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
The effect of substrate (medium) on growth, yield and nutritional composition of domestically-grown oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) was investigated. Six different substrates namely sawdust only (SDO), sawdust + corn waste + CaCO3 (SDW), sawdust + rice bran + CaCO3 (SDR), sawdust + banana leaves (SBL), sawdust + cassava peel (SDC) and cassava peel only (CPO) were used. The substrates were pasteurized with...
June 2018
Biological effect of gamma irradiation on vegetative propagation of Coffea arabica L
Coffee is the second most valuable commodity exported by developing countries, and supports the livelihood of more than 75 million people. There are limitations to preference for established cultivars due to the autogamous nature of the crop thereby making improvements via conventional breeding of many years to produce a new cultivar difficult. Mutation breeding can overcome these obstacles. One of the first steps in...
May 2018
Evaluation of chemical, botanical and cultural management options of termite in Tanqua Abergelle district, Ethiopia
The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of botanical, chemical and cultural methods on the management of termite in seedling beds of hot pepper in Tanqua Abergelle district of Sheka Tekli during 2015-2016. The experiment comprised of treatments including Neem Leaf extract, wood ash, Dursban and control and each treatment was applied at 40 kg ha-1, 10000 kg ha-1, and 0.5 L ha-1 respectively. The experiment was...
May 2018
Response of onion (Allium cepa l.) to deficit irrigation under different furrow irrigation water management techniques in Raya Valley, Northern Ethiopia
Scarcity of water is the most severe constraint for development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid areas. Under this condition, the need to use the available water economically and efficiently is unquestionable. Based on the actual crop need, irrigation management has to be improved so that the water supply to the crop can be reduced while still achieving high yield. A field experiment was carried out at Mehoni...
May 2018
Comparative effects of newly introduced and adopted chemical N and P fertilizers on wheat growth, yield and yield components
Soil fertility decline is one of the prime factors contributing to low productivity of crops and food insecurity in Ethiopia. To alleviate this problem and achieve maximum yield, identifying suitable agronomic inputs such as N and P types in wheat production systems is very important. The aim of this study was therefore, to estimate the effects of different N and P fertilizer types and rates on growth, yield and yield...
April 2018
Current outlook and future promise of ethnobotany in Nigeria: A review and personal observation
This paper reviews the current state and future prospects of ethnobotany in Nigeria. A brief historical background is presented. Books and journals indexed by Scopus and Science Direct were reviewed. Direct search was also made on the official websites of journals specializing in ethnobotany and allied disciplines. The field of ethnobotany manifests in all facets of human activities and relates to cultural and...
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