Effect of phosphorus and organic matter on phosphorus status of winter wheat at different part and growth stages
December 2011
Knowledge about nutrient demands of plants at different growth stages is important in scheduling the fertilizer application. This study was conducted to determine the influence of three phosphorus (P) levels [0, 25, and 50 mg kg-1 soil as (Ca (H2PO4)2] and two organic matter (OM) levels (0 and 2% w/w as feedlot cattle manure) on winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) characteristics and P status in...
Genotype by trait relations of yield and yield components in aromatic peppers (Capsicum annuum) based on GT biplot
November 2011
Drastic changes in random environment and lack of cultivar evaluation and multiple trait assessment across years are major constraints to pepper breeding in derived savanna agro-ecology. Ten genotypes of aromatic pepper grown in randomized complete block design were used to investigate the genotype by trait (GT) biplot analysis and to examine its effectiveness in visualizing fresh fruit yield and yield...
Winter wheat cultivars responses to allelopathic potential of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum Koch) extracts
November 2011
Greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted to examine the effects of allelopathic potential of wild barley shoot and root extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of five winter wheat cultivars. Plant materials containing 1.8, 3.6, 5.4, 7.2, 9.0 g shoot, and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 g root were soaked in distilled water for 24 h. Then, the extracts were collected and filtered. Shoot and root extracts...
Phenomic analyses of Indian and exotic accessions of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
November 2011
A phenomic approach was undertaken to characterize seventy one accessions of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) procured from India, Venezuela and USDA following the descriptor of NBPGR and IPGRI. The phenotypic traits varied extensively and the degree of polymorphism was highest in case of seed coat colour while few traits exhibited only binary type character state. Morphological observation...
Anti-nutritional factors as screening criteria for some diseases resistance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes
November 2011
Since sesame genotypes differed significantly in the levels of anti-nutritional factors (phytate, trypsin inhibitor and tannins), these anti-nutritional factors were examined as screening criteria for diseases resistance. Forty eight sesame genotypes from different sources were grown in soil infested by Fusarium oxysporum (FOS) and Macrophomina...
Characterization of okra (Abelmoschus spp. L.) germplasm based on morphological characters in Ghana
November 2011
Twenty five accessions of okra collected in Ghana were evaluated for phenotypic identity, diversity and quality based on morphological characters. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics were measured and scored as specified by the standard international crop descriptor for okra. A dendrogram was generated for morphological data based on the simple matching coefficient, and four cluster groups were...
Chemical composition of essential oils of two cultivated Eucalyptus species from the central Iran
November 2011
The chemical composition of essential oils of leaves of two cultivated species,Eucalyptus loxophleba Benth. and Eucalyptus leocoxylon F. Muell. in the central of Iran were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography, using flame ionization and mass spectrometric detection. A total of thirty nine compounds representing 98.0% of total oil have been identified in the oil...
Studies on genetic architecture of biparental progenies for important yield attributes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
October 2011
An experiment was conducted to develop and evaluate the biparental progenies (BIPs) for important yield component traits in three rice cross combinations, namely, JGL 384 × Rasi (Cross I), KJTCMS 5B × IR 64 (Cross II), WGL 14 × Rasi (Cross III). Genetic analysis of biparental progenies revealed that, the traits, namely, days to 50% flowering, plant height and number of productive tillers per...
Variation and association among characters genetically related to yield and yield stability in Coffea canephora genotypes
October 2011
Water deficit stress is a main factor determining yield and yield stability in Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora P.). Studies were conducted to identify agronomic traits that offer genetic sources of drought tolerance associated with yields and yield stability. In a nine-year experiment, 18 genotypes were assessed for mean value and variation in three diverse environments, for nine vegetative traits, five...
Morphovariability and agronomic characteristics of soybean accessions from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR-Congo) gene pool
October 2011
Soybean [(Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is the most important grain legumes in the world in terms of total production. But only a fraction of its accessions has been characterizedbased on origin, morphometric traits, agronomic performance and seed composition. This crop is now cultivated to a very limited extent in twenty one sub-Saharan African countries. The main objective of the present study is to...
Performance of drought tolerant three-way and top cross maize hybrids in Sudan Savanna of North Eastern Nigeria
October 2011
Field experiments were conducted during the 2008 cropping season in two locations in Lokodisa, Gwoza Local Government Area and Sabongari in Damboa Local Government Area both in Borno State Nigeria. These two locations are both located within the Sudan Savanna agro-ecology of north-eastern Nigeria and the soil of the area is clay loam and are well drained. The study was conducted in order to evaluate the performance of...
In vitro explants regeneration of the grape ‘Wink’ (Vitis vinifera L. ‘Wink’)
October 2011
The effects of different hormones and their concentration combinations, different explant types, dark periods, on the regeneration of the grape ‘Wink’ was investigated using in vitro leaves, petioles, internodes and radicles. The results showed that of all the media prepared, the explants on following media produced the highest regeneration rate: 78.74±1.60% of the leave explants...
Assessment for drought adaptive and reproductive traits of field-planted upland rice genotypes in a derived savannah ecology
October 2011
A field study was conducted in derived savannah ecology to evaluate sixteen upland rice genotypes comprising breeding lines, recent releases and established cultivars for the effect of different rainfall-seasons on genotypic trait expression and to identify those harbouring drought adaptive characters. Plantings were done in the early and late rain seasons of 2006 and 2007, respectively. Data were collected...
Floral biology of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc]
October 2011
Investigation on floral biology of twelve accessions of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc] was carried out in the greenhouse of the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria, in a completely randomized design with three replications. Significant varietal differences (P<0.05) were observed among the accessions in all...
Bio-economic assessment of chemical and non-chemical weed management strategies in dry seeded fine rice (Oryza sativa L.)
October 2011
Dry seeding of rice offers potential to be opted as a resource conservation technology but its sustainability is endangered by heavy weed infestation. Experiments were conducted during summer season of 2009 to look for effective and economically viable weed control method(s) in dry seeded rice. Four mulching materials of natural origin as sorghum, sunflower and wheat residues each soil incorporated at 8 t...
The effect of different nutrient solutions on some growth indices of greenhouse cucumber in soilless culture
October 2011
Today, greenhouse cultivation of vegetables, especially cucumber in soilless culture has been developed in different parts of the world. Soilless culture creates the possibility that farmers in a shorter time with less effort produce more yield. This research was done in the greenhouses center in Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan with three kinds of nutrient solutions and so completely randomized...
Genetic diversity and inbreeder specie of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees by randomly amplified polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (RAPD) and floral architecture analysis
October 2011
“Fha-Tha-Laai-Joan” (Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees) is a medicinal plant that is, widely used in Thailand and some other countries for therapeutic value, but the lack of their genetic information may cause confusion in its utilization. The randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to identify and elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among 58 accessions...
Heterosis and combining ability analysis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
September 2011
Heterosis and combining ability analysis were studied in a 7 × 7 diallel set of bread wheat. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed the presence of significant variance due to general combining ability (GCA) among the parents for all the traits, and due to specific combining ability (SCA) among the crosses for the all the traits except for number of tillers per plant, plant height and number of spikelets...
Evaluation of antifungal and antioxidative potential of hydrolytic products of glucosinolates from some members of Brassicaceae family
September 2011
The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate antioxidative and antifungal potential of hydrolytic products of glucosinolates. These two bioactivities were assessed in the seeds of the rocket salad, Indian rape, cabbage, cauliflower, knol-knol and radish using DPPH and disc diffusion assays. Alternaria alternata was used as test pathogen in disc diffusion assay. The antioxidative and...
Biochemical and molecular characterization of submergence tolerance in rice for crop improvement
September 2011
Submergence stress is considered as the third most important limitation of rice production contributing to its low productivity in lowland and rainfed ecosystem. Characterization of genotypes and using them in breeding programme is likely the best option to withstand submergence and stabilize productivity in these environments. However, progress in genotypes characterization has been slow but can...
Combing the monogenic and polygenic resistant genes to late blight in tomato
September 2011
Late blight is a serious disease affecting tomato production especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Twenty-five crosses were generated from ten diverse parents to combine both the horizontal and vertical late blight resistance genes of late blight. Five inbred lines with polygenic resistance genes derived from interspecific cross Solanum lycopersicum x S....
Bioassay study of fenugreek extract’s allelopathic effects on the germination and growth of several crops and weeds
September 2011
In order to study the extract effect of different parts of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L. (on germination of several crops and weeds, an experiment was conducted with completely randomized factorial design and 3 replications, in the laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during 2010. The following four species were included: soybean (Glysin max), sesame (Sesamus...
Quantitative genetic analysis of flowering time, leaf number and photoperiod sensitivity in maize (Zea mays L.)
September 2011
Photoperiod sensitivity is a major difficulty of broadening the resources of breeding germplasms and widening the planting area of varieties in maize. The objective of this study was to dissect the quantitative genetic control of days to pollen shed (DPS), days to silking (DS), anthesis-silking interval (ASI), LNB (the leaf number below the top ear), LN (the total leaf number), and photoperiod sensitivity...
In-vitro culture of Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) embryo
September 2011
In the time past, grafting buds from selected clones on seedlings or plants from seed orchards were used traditionally to propagate rubber trees. Selected seeds were frequently used because their level of resistance to diseases is known. Micro-propagation of rubber tree was the method used in the propagation of Hevea brasiliensis in this experiment, which is an approach different from the...
Analysis of variabilities in populations of Nardostachys jatamansi DC. in Garhwal Himalaya, India
September 2011
Nardostachys jatamansi DC. is an endangered medicinal and aromatic plant species. Considering the status and importance, there is an urgent need of its conservation, cultivation and crop improvement. Variability studies may serve as an important tool for effective conservation and crop improvement program. Therefore, germplasm was collected from different natural population and transplanted in...
Amylopectin molecular structure and functional properties of starch from three Ugandan cassava varieties
September 2011
Amylopectin molecular structure is a very important determinant of starch functional properties. The main purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between the amylopectin structure of starches from cassava varieties and their functional properties. TME14 had the highest (46.63%) proportion of A chains while Bamunanika had the lowest 42.27%. Bamunanika had the highest (23.33%)...
Genetic variability, stability and relationship among some Cowpea, Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp breeding lines
September 2011
The contribution of cowpea to food security in the sub-Sahara Africa is incontestably obvious. Ten genotypes of cowpea were evaluated in different environments to assess their variability and stability. The genotypes differed significantly (P≤0.05) with respect to all the eight phenotypic traits studied. Days from planting to first flower production and to first ripe pod showed the least coefficient of...
Genetic evidence of developmental components of parthenocarpy in Apomictic Musa species
August 2011
Apomixis and parthenocarpy are broadly botanically defined as embryo and seed, and fruit development respectively, in the absence of fertilization. The objectives of this study were to genetically elucidate the development of apomictic seed and parthenocarpic fruit development in Musa. Borneo and Calcutta 4 plants were vegetatively propagated and were assayed in replicates of 2 and 6, respectively at...
Management of inherent soil fertility of newly opened wetland rice field for sustainable rice farming in Indonesia
August 2011
Study on management of inherent soil fertility of newly opened wetland rice for sustainable rice farming in Indonesia was conducted in Bulungan District, from 2009 to 2010. The aims were to know the soil fertility status and properly manage its fertility status to improve rice yield and sustain rice farming. Six treatments were imposed including T0: farmers practices, T1: farmer practices + compost +...
Segregation of selected agronomic traits in six S1 cassava families
August 2011
Inbreeding of predominantly cross-pollinating crops is expected to result in the generation of progeny with reduced fitness and/or progeny with improved phenotypes. However, this effect is not well documented in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). In this study, S1 progeny from six cassava genotypes (I92/00067, TMS 30572, 95/SE-00036, NASE 4, MH95/0469 and Bamunanika) were examined for...
Plant architecture and its responses to high planting density and low fertilizer of reduced culm number mutants in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
July 2011
Plant architecture is of major agronomic importance as it determines the potential grain yield depending on environmental conditions in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Here, we characterized plant architecture and its response to low fertilizer and high planting density in five rice “reduced culm number (rcn)” mutants; “rcn1-2, rcn2, rcn4-2, rcn5and rcn6”, originating...
A breeding scheme for local adoption of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
July 2011
In many rural communities, cassava mosaic disease (CMD) resistant varieties are being rejected by farmers owing to their inferior root qualities when compared to locally adapted varieties. In response to this challenge, we implemented a breeding scheme whose objective was to combine CMD resistance with farmer preferred root qualities, whose genes were respectively sourced for elite and local varieties. We...
Reactions of traditional upland and aerobic rice genotypes to rice root knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola)
July 2011
Aerobic rice cultivation is an efficient water saving strategy which maintains a significantly higher yield than traditional upland varieties. The upland rice in South East Asia is largely affected by parasitic rice root knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicolacausing severe yield losses. In the present investigation 14 widely cultivated traditional upland varieties and 45 breeding genotypes improved for...
Development of new early maturing and high yielding bread wheat lines for growing in newly reclaimed desert areas of Egypt
June 2011
Conventional wheat breeding programs aim at developing high yielding cultivars suitable for sowing under stress conditions and poor soils especially in newly reclaimed deserts. The objective of the current study was to develop high yielding and early maturing bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines adapted to grow in old and new reclaimed desert soils of Egypt. Expressed Sequence Tags...
Activities of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in grains of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars subjected to water stress during grain filling
June 2011
Developmental changes in the starch and soluble sugars content of grains and the activities of sucrose metabolism enzymes in drought-tolerant (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Zagros) and drought-sensitive with high yielding potential under favorable conditions (cv. Marvdasht) wheat genotypes were investigated under controlled water deficit during grain filling. The two cultivars were grown in pots under...
Assessing phenotypic diversity of interspecific rice varieties using agro-morphological characterization
May 2011
The aim of this study is to identify the phenotypic variability of 60 lowland NERICA varieties and 18 promising lines for better management of their genetic inheritance. The experimental design used was an augmented randomized complete block. Data on 23 agro-morphological traits were collected and analyzed. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences (P<0.0001) between the variables and...
Diversity of Myanmar cowpea accessions through seed storage polypeptides and its cross compatibility with the subgenus Ceratotropis
May 2011
This study was conducted to detect the genetic diversity of sixty eight cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) accessions mainly from Myanmar on the basis of protein subunit variations. Fourteen polymorphic bands were recorded out of total 18 resolution bands and the banding pattern revealed four regions. The UPGMA dendrogram showed two distinct clusters. It revealed random grouping of different colored...
Determination of genetic variability for physiological traits related to drought tolerance in African rice (Oryza glaberrima)
April 2011
Relative water content, water potential and transpiration of Africa rice (Oryza glaberrima) were investigated in a controlled condition under phytotron. Two Oryza sativa cultivars, IR55423-01 (a drought tolerant genotype) and IR64 (drought sensitive genotype) and 8 O. glaberrima accessions were grown under droughted and watered conditions. The fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) was...
Selection of yam seeds from open pollination for adoption in yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir) production zones in Nigeria
April 2011
Yam improvement through hybridization has suffered a lot of challenges over the years. Poor or non flowering of candidate parents, lack of synchrony in flowering of male and female genotypes, flowering intensity that varies with season and location, pests and diseases and other factors have serious obstacles limiting progress in yam hybrid production. This paper discussed the origin, germination and...
Farmers’ participatory selection for early bulking cassava genotypes in semi-arid Eastern Kenya
March 2011
Cassava is an important food security crop in semi-arid, Eastern Kenya, but production is constrained by planting late bulking landraces. Therefore, farmer participatory variety selection was initiated with the aim of identifying early bulking varieties with preferred root qualities. Four popular local varieties were crossed with six early-bulking varieties selected from IITA germplasm in a North...
Genetic diversity analysis in different varieties of black gram using RAPD markers
March 2011
The molecular marker is a useful tool for assessing genetic variation and resolving cultivars identities. The objective of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity and relationships among 8 black gram (Vigna mungo) varieties from diverse geographic locations of U.P. and Andhra Pradesh, (India) using random amplified polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid (RAPD) markers. Forty decamer -...
Use of a liquid inoculum of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus hoi in rice plants cultivated in a saline Gleysol: A new alternative to inoculate
February 2011
The functioning and efficacy of a liquid inoculum containing spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus hoi previously isolated from saline soil, were evaluated over growth and production of Oryza sativa plants cultivated under flooding conditions. Growth dynamics, grains weight, panicles number, as well as panicles weight were determined in the rice plants. Other...
Adaptation of Moroccan durum wheat varieties from different breeding eras
February 2011
The continuous technological and environmental changes are reasons for periodical re-evaluation of variety performances and adaptation. The objective of this work was to re-assess the adaptation of the main registered durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. L. durum) varieties in Morocco. Twenty three varieties were tested in six sites and during four consecutive growing seasons 2001 to 2005. The...
Evaluation of eucalyptus essential oil against some plant pathogenic fungi
February 2011
Antifungal activity of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.) essential oil was evaluated and suppressed the mycelial growth of postharvest pathogenic fungi, Penicillium digitatum, Aspergillus flavus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and soilborne pathogenic fungi, Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, Bipolaris sorokiniana pathogenic fungi. The experiment was...
Identification of coupling- and repulsion-phase markers in rice for brown planthopper resistance genes using F2S of IR 50 X CO 46
January 2011
Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most threatening pests, often significantly reducing the rice yield. The breeding of resistant cultivar has been the most effective way of controlling this pest. Recent advancements in DNA marker technology together with the concept of marker-assisted selection (MAS) provide new solutions for...
Genetic studies in relation to yield and quality traits in rajmash (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
January 2011
The experimental material comprised of 45 F1s generated by crossing ten diverse genotypes of rajmash(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a diallel mating design. The set of 45 test cross progenies along with their ten parents were evaluated in a randomized block design with two replications at the Pulse Research Substation, SKUAST-K Habak, KVK Farm SKUAST-K Pombai, Anantnag...
Genotypic and phenotypic interrelationships among yield and yield components in Egyptian bread wheat genotypes
January 2011
Two field experiments were conducted in 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 growing seasons at the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. Ten Egyptian bread wheat genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and evaluated for eight characters. The aim was to study the phenotypic and genotypic correlations and genotypic path analysis for...
Participatory selection and characterization of quality protein maize (QPM) varieties in Savanna agro-ecological region of DR-Congo
December 2010
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major cereal crop for human nutrition in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DR- Congo). Prevailing normal maize is deficient in two essential amino acids, lysine and tryptophan. Participatory variety selection was applied to select diversified quality protein maize (QPM) varieties that possess farmers’ preferred plant and grain traits. The varieties were planted with...
Combining ability studies over environments in Rajmash (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) in Jammu and Kashmir, India
December 2010
The experimental material comprised 45 F1’s generated by crossing ten diverse lines of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a half diallel fashion and their parents were evaluated in RBD in two replications at three locations during Kharif, 2008. The pooled analysis revealed that both gca and sca were influenced by environments, which suggested that studies are being conducted...
DNA content of several bermudagrass accessions in Florida
December 2010
Bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) is widely used on golf courses and sport fields in Florida. Most cultivars used on golf courses are triploid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon [L.] Pers. var. dactylon × C. transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) resulting from hybridizations between tetraploid common bermudagrass and diploid African bermudagrass. In order to breed and develop bermudagrass...
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