Articles
Page 1 of 1196, showing 50 records out of 59785 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Anticonvulsant activities of friedelan-3-one and n-dotriacontane both isolated from Harungana madagascariensis Lam (Hypericaceae) seeds extracts
Chemical investigation of the crude methanol/methylene chloride (1:1) extract of the seeds of Harungana madagascariensis resulted in the isolation of two known compounds namely n-dotriacontane and friedelan-3-one. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined on the basis of 1D NMR spectroscopy and comparison with literature data. The crude extract and the two compounds were evaluated for their anticonvulsant...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Hypoglycaemic effects of Salvia officinalis extracts on alloxan-induced diabetic Swiss albino mice
Diabetes mellitus is the fourth killer disease globally. The available management strategies are quite expensive and sometimes unsafe. This necessitates the need for bio-active drugs from medicinal plants. Although Salvia officinalis (sage) is used in herbal medicine, the scientific validation for anti-diabetic effects of various extracts has been elusive. The present study aimed to determine and compare the...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Eerdun Wurile protects neuron and promotes neurite outgrowth through regulation of apoptotic gene expression in PC-12 cells
Eerdun Wurile (EW) is one of the most widely used traditional Mongolian medicines for stroke recovery. Previous studies revealed that EW regulates brain gene expression in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). However, the fraction of active components and the specific genes regulated by such fractions have not been elucidated clearly. The study shows that the extracts of EW regulate the expression of...
October 2020
International Journal of Psychology and Counselling
Classification of posttraumatic stress disorder and its evolution in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria
The purpose of this review is to provide an historical understanding of post- traumatic stress disorder. The concept of trauma is changing drastically in every publication or revision of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The underlying dimensions of trauma are also under constant consideration. Thus, the paper would provide some historical background of trauma nomenclature. This will enable the...
October 2020
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Antimalarial pyronaridine resistance may be associated with elevated MDR-1 gene expression profiles but not point mutation in Plasmodium berghei ANKA isolates
The selection of resistance is inevitable whenever chemotherapy is necessary for pathogen control. Notably, Plasmodium falciparum has developed multifaceted means to overcome the toxicity of nearly all antimalarial medicines. To bypass this challenge, not only should novel drugs be developed, but the resistance mechanisms to new and existing drugs need should be fully explored. Pyronaridine is a companion drug in...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Larvicide and repellent activity of Hypenia irregularis (Benth.) Harley in the alternative control of mosquito Aedes aegypti
Dengue is an emerging epidemic disease and among those transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, it is the one with the highest number of cases and cases with death. With the wide dissemination of the beneficial effects of medicinal plants and the use in agriculture as a pesticide, studies on the prospection of plants with toxic activity have been increasing, highlighting extracts and essential oils. The objective of...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Future molecular medicine from white frangipani (Plumeria alba L.): A review
White frangipani (Plumeria alba L.) is tropical and subtropical plants, have been familiar used in many traditional medication as well as aromatherapy, especially for the flower part. Scientific study, but was not so many, reporting some pharmacological and toxicological effects of this plant which lead to more depth study at molecular level. This review describes the pharmacological and toxicological effect of the...
October 2020
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Sub-acute and protective effect of Cymbopogon citratus against carbon tetrachloride-induced
liver damage
The study evaluates the sub-acute toxicity and antioxidant potential of ethanolic leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus against CCl4-induced toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. The ethanolic leaf extract of C. citratus was prepared by solvent maceration method. The phytochemicals present in the extract were determined using standard methods. The potential sub-acute toxicities were evaluated using OECD procedure. The...
October 2020
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Bamboo diversity and carbon stocks of dominant species in different agro-ecological zones in Cameroon
Bamboo is of ecological and socio-economic importance in the world. However, knowledge on its potential in climate change mitigation remains superficial in Cameroon. The present study identified bamboo diversity and estimated carbon stocks of the dominant species in Cameroon. Ground truth method and local informants were used for a bamboo species survey in five Agro-ecological zones (AEZs). Twenty-two circular plots of...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Evaluation of antioxidant and protective effect against genotoxic damage of two extracts of chaya leaves (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius)
Stress, excessive consumption of processed foods, pollutants and many other factors of today's life have caused oxidative stress in our body and damage to genetic material in our cells, leading to diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, metabolic syndrome, among others. Medicine has returned to take up traditional remedies mainly in plants. Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) has been studied in this regard,...
October 2020
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Community dependency and perceptions of a protected area in a threatened ecoregion of Myanmar
Local communities living adjacent to protected areas (PA) play a vital role in biodiversity conservation. Understanding communities’ use and perceptions of a PA will increase its conservation effectiveness through reducing anthropogenic pressures and improving park-people relationship. This study assessed local communities’ dependency on the PA and perceptions of benefits and costs accrued from the PA. Using...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf extracts of Psidium guajava and Carica papaya on bacterial pathogens isolated from manual toothbrushes
Toothbrush has become a potential source of infection, owing to contamination by various pathogens as a result of poor oral hygiene awareness and practices. This study investigated the antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate and methanol leaf-extracts of Psidium guajava (guava) and Carica papaya (paw-paw) on bacteria pathogens isolated from toothbrushes. A total of 100 manual used toothbrushes of different brands were...
October 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Optimization by mixture design of the antimicrobial activities of five selected essential oils
The individual antimicrobial activities of essential oils have been reported by many authors. However, there is little information about the effects of their mixtures in order to maximize their effect and reduce the growing resistance of pathogens to existing medicines. So, the aim of this work is to optimize the antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils from Plectranthus glandulosus, Ocimum gratissimum,...
October 2020
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Advancing climate change adaptation in Uganda’s agricultural programming for sustainable development: Key milestones and constraints
Climate change remains a crucial threat to sustainable development, particularly to the farming communities, which are more vulnerable to climate impacts. Uganda has made commendable steps in building an institutional framework for addressing climate change. However, the framework remains scattered in several documents making it difficult to track and conceptualize. This paper provides a one-stop center for...
October 2020
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of air pollutant emissions from healthcare waste incinerators of different design features
The aim of this paper was to e valuate the levels of gaseous emissions from four different healthcare wastes incinerators in three regional hospitals and one national hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The incinerators studied differ in terms of capacity (kg/h) and design features. Five gaseous air pollutants (CO, CO2, NOx, and SO2) were analyzed in the sampled flue gases using a portable desktop combustion gas...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Protective effect of piperine from Piper chaba fruits on LPS-induced inflammation in human intestinal cell line
Piper chaba is a flowering vine in the family of piperaceae. It is a spicy plant widely used as food and herbal medicine in the South and Southeast Asian countries. The study evaluated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of a major alkaloid extract, piperine, from P. chaba fruits on human colonic epithelial cells. The effects of piperine extract on cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition, and...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Larvicidal activity of Juniperus procera extract against anopheles mosquito in in vitro, North Western Ethiopia
Mosquitoes are the major health threat as they transmit plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Since mosquitoes developed resistances towards insecticides, investigators are searching for alternative control measures. Bioactive plant chemicals have been identified to serve as a defense mechanism against insects’ larvae. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate larvicidal activities of Juniperus procera...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Screening open source traditional Chinese medicine extracts for growth-inhibiting properties towards Acinetobacter baumannii
Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and other pathogenic bacteria are a worldwide concern due to their increasingly prevalent multidrug resistance. World leaders and health organizations across the globe have voiced their concerns over antibiotic resistance and the critical need for the development of novel antibiotics. Although the number of new antibiotic drugs entering the marketplace in recent years has...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Antibacterial, total phenols, antioxidant, and fatty acids of the lyophilized body fat of Podocnemis expansa (Schweigger, 1812) from farm in Acre State, Brazil
Podocnemis expansa (Podocnemididae) is a chelonian of suborder Pleurodira and is popularly known as Amazon turtle. The animal’s body fat was removed from the farm in Xapuri city in Acre State, Brazil. The fat was lyophilized and the oil was extracted by the Soxhlet method using hexane, as a solvent. The fatty acids majority, identified and quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, were:...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants commonly used in snakebites in North Western Nigeria
The incidence of snake bite in rural West Africa is reportedly high with an 11–17% mortality rate. Nigeria has one third of the cases for snake bite cases in this region.Thus, most tribes in North-western part of Nigeria depend on medicinal plants for snakebites. However, it appears that a gap exists on documentation of these plants especially tropical flora used in the management of snake bite. This led to...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (Guava) leaves extract on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing multi-drug resistant systemic infections
Systemic bacterial infections affect almost all part of the human body systems leading to infections such as urinary tract infections, septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, peritonitis and gastritis. Carbapenems have been used as drug of choice in the treatment of systemic infections. Studies have indicated that Enterobacteriaceae are producing enzymes such as carbapenemases, which inactivate carbapenems. There ...
September 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Development and validation of UV- Spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC method for the analysis of raw material and formulations of Aceclofenac
The purpose of the study is to develop and validate method for assay of Aceclofenac in tablet dosage forms using ultra violet spectrophotometry (UV) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. A method was developed and validated for analysis of Aceclofenac using UV technique with methanol and phosphate buffer 7.4 as solvent. The HPLC analysis was conducted using two mobile phases, that is,...
September 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Cytotoxic, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities and phytochemical analysis of Artemisia judaica and
A. sieberi in Saudi Arabia
Cancer and microbial infectious diseases are considered a global threat. Plants have been investigated across the world to exploit their potential anticancer and antimicrobial effective agents. In this study, two medicinal plant species native to Saudi Arabia, namely; Artemisia judaica and Artemisia sieberi were screened to assess their antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial potential activities as well as...
September 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Cardioprotective effects of animal grade piperazine citrate on isoproterenol induced myocardial infarction in wistar rats: Biochemical and histopathological evaluation
The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of animal grade piperazine citrate on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats by studying cardiac marker enzymes and histopathological changes of the cardiac muscle. Isoproterenol administration showed significant (P<0.001) increase in the serum levels of cardiac injury markers (creatine kinase-MB and troponin-I), 358.98 ±...
September 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Assessment of anti-hepatitis B virus activity of endemic medicinal plants from Socotra Island
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a leading cause of liver disease and a possible worldwide source of severe morbidity and mortality. The current standard therapy using interferons or antiviral agents is not successful in all cases and is associated with severe side effects. Consequently, the development of new medicines for the treatment of HBV is still relevant. This experimental study was therefore performed to assess the...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Medicinal plants used against malaria by traditional therapists in malaria endemic areas of the Ségou region, Mali
West Africa is one of the regions in Africa with the highest levels of malaria transmission a descriptive study was carried out to inventorise the medicinal plants traditionally used against malaria by traditional therapists in five malaria endemic areas of the Ségou region, in Mali. Sixty-five traditional therapists were randomly selected to be part of the study. Questions were posed using semi-structured...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Chemo preventive effect of methanol extract of Anacardium occidentale nut shell on ultra-violet radiation induced skin damage
Anacardium occidentale nut shell liquid has been used for decades especially by natives of South America, Asia and Africa in the treatment of topical skin diseases, abrasion and cancerous ulcers amongst others. Chronic exposure to sunlight can lead to skin damages including erythema, edema, hyperplasia, formation of sunburn cells, photo-aging, suppression of the immune system and skin cancer. This study was aimed at...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Ethnobotanical study of plants used against onchocerciasis in the far north region of Cameroon
Despite the multitude of studies which have shown the use of medicinal plants in the management of parasitic diseases, little data was available on the plants used against onchocerciasis. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out among traditional healers in the Far North region of Cameroon. Studies were conducted from July 2017 to May 2018 through direct interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire taking into...
September 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Neuroprotective effects of methanol extract of Terminalia macroptera leaf in mice
The plant Terminalia macroptera has been reported to possess many pharmacological activities. The aim of the present study was to screen the effect of the methanol extract of T. macroptera against ketamine-induced mice model of psychosis and the apomorphine climbing test. The behavioural studies entailed an evaluation of locomotor activity, stereotypic behaviours in the open field and stereotypic climbing behaviour,...
September 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Investigation of hemotoxicologic potential of an ayurvedic preparation “Kutajarista” used in Sprue syndrome after chronic administration to male Sprague-Dawley rats
The ayurvedic medicinal system is the world’s most primitive medical systems which were originated in India. For the treatment of Sprue syndrome, a very well-known ayurvedic preparation named Kutajarista (KTJ) is used in the south Asian region. This study aimed to detect the impact of chronic administration of KTJ on hematological parameters. The experimental animals were subdivided into two groups. A high dose...
September 2020
Educational Research and Reviews
The impact of English language proficiency testing on the pronunciation performance of undergraduates in South-West, Nigeria
This study investigated the impact of English Language proficiency testing on the pronunciation performance of undergraduates in South-west. Nigeria. The study was a descriptive survey research design. The target population size was 1243 (200-level) undergraduates drawn from eight tertiary institutions. The instruments used for data collection were the English Language Proficiency Test and Pronunciation Test. The...
September 2020
Educational Research and Reviews
Analysis of distance education activities conducted during COVID-19 pandemic
It could be suggested that the covid-19 pandemic, which initially emerged in China and then affected the whole world, negatively affected several aspects of life since it halted life globally. One of these aspects is education. Education that usually takes place in various learning environments at schools had to be conducted from a distance after the pandemic. This requirement imposed certain responsibilities on...
September 2020
Educational Research and Reviews
Scientific research hypotheses understanding of the pre-service science teachers at Faculty of Education, Amran University, Yemen
Preparing pre-service science teachers (PSSTs) with the scientific research skills (SRSs) is an ultimate aim of PSSTs' programs. This study aimed to explore PSSTs' understanding level of SRHs (SRHUL). To this end, an action research (AR) was adopted using a pre-post-test design. In doing so, a multiple choice test which consists of 15 items was developed and conducted on a random sample comprising 120 subjects....
September 2020
Educational Research and Reviews
The problems that Syrian refugee children, class teachers and Turkish children face in the school environment from the standpoint of trainee teachers
The aim of this study is to indicate the problems that Syrian refugee children, class teachers and Turkish children face in their school environment. The data of this study were realized via case study design which is one of the qualitative investigative designs. Interviews were carried out using the observation notes of the prospective teachers as well as their semi-structured discussion forms. As a result of the...
September 2020
African Journal of Business Management
Manifestation of emotional intelligence and Transformational leadership in virtual teams: Case study of Nairobi technology hub
The dynamic nature of business and organizational operations in the 21st century as being influenced by tough economic times, globalization and need for higher effectiveness is forcing leaders to adopt more relevant approaches to management. One such adaptation is the use of virtual teams for international organization that have globally distributed offices and functions. This study provides insights into the role of...
September 2020
African Journal of Business Management
Social media, business capabilities and performance: A review of literature
Information communication technology has plenty of benefits to society. Social media being the product of information technology have become an essential tool for marketers at a very minimum investment. Social media have a positive impact on companies as well as customers. In today’s circumstances, customers judge companies based on their online presence, hence they can innovate and simultaneously create a strong...
September 2020
International Journal of Livestock Production
An assessment of the role of proper health management in reducing goat mortality in Kraals: A case of Napak District in Eastern Uganda
Poor animal health is reported as one of the major constraints of goat production leading to mortality in pastoral areas like Karamoja Sub-Region in Eastern Uganda. Based in Napak District, this study was aimed at gaining an understanding of the role of proper health management in reducing goat mortality in Kraals. Through convenience sampling, 312 pastoralists out of 388 who own animals in community kraals were...
September 2020
Journal of Cereals and Oilseeds
Understanding biodiversity in sorghums to support the development of high value bio-based products in
sub-Saharan Africa
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is one of the most important cereals worldwide with great genetic diversity. Like most small grains it has good adaptation to drought prone and marginal areas were other cereals are not productive. Globally, sorghum has been underutilized compared to other cereal staple crops however, there is growing interest in sorghum and its related products due to its unique nutritional traits,...
September 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Depletion of phosphate rock reserves and world food crisis: Reality or hoax?
Phosphate rock (PR) deposits are the major source of phosphate (P) fertilizers for soil fertility replenishment. The demand for P fertilizers in the year 2014 was 42,706,000 tons and was expected to reach 46,648,000 tons in 2018. Majority of PR deposits are found in only a few countries including Morocco, USA and China. There is however conflicting information on the extent of world PR reserves, therefore, complicating...
September 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Growth performance of royal purple and white guinea fowl varieties and their crosses under an intensive management system
Commercialization of guinea fowl production in many countries is growing and the demand for their meat is high. The study evaluated the growth of crossbred royal purple x white variety relative to purebred royal purple and white varieties. Twenty pure-bred white, 20 purebred royal purple and 20 cross-bred keets were housed together in 4 houses resulting in 4 replications. The keets were fed broiler starter crumbs from...
September 2020
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Levels of some reproductive hormones, cadmium and lead among fuel pump attendants in Benin City, Nigeria
Infertility is a common public health challenge in Nigeria. The causes of infertility in both males and females are multifactorial, and the contributions of endocrine abnormalities had been reported from both the Northern and Southern regions of Nigeria. The effect of occupational exposure on endocrine levels among petrol pump attendants has not been sufficiently documented in our setting. This study evaluated the...
September 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Pastoral farming system and its temporal shift: A case of Borana zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
The study was conducted in Borana zone, which is located at about 570 km from Addis Ababa with the objective of understanding the farming system of Borana pastoral area. The primary data was collected using survey questionnaires from 160 households selected using multistage sampling design. The study confirmed that the farming system in Borana pastoral area has been increasingly diluted, unlike the earlier decades where...
September 2020
International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
The need for integrated flood management approach from social, economic and environmental perspectives: The case of Upper Awash River Basin
Flooding has been a critical problem in our globe causing huge damage on human lives as well as socio-economic and environmental assets. The upper Awash river basin in Ethiopia, which is the target of this study, is one such region that is affected by recurrent flooding. Thus, there is a need to develop appropriate and sustainable management mechanisms to mitigate flood impacts. An integrated flood management approach...
September 2020
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Severity of coronary atherosclerosis in hypertensive: A postmortem study
The development of coronary atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease had been attributed to risk factors that include but not limited to hypertension. These factors were determined without reference to data from autopsy studies. It is likely that there is no significant difference on the grades of coronary atherosclerosis in hypertensive’s when compared with the non-hypertensive’s. The aim of this study,...
September 2020
Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research
Effect of treatments with bunch bagging on production, fruit quality and damage by thrips of banana
The effect of treatments of banana with blue polyethylene bag covering bunches on the production parameters at harvest, fruit quality during ripening and damage by thrips has been determined. Nine treatments with banana bunch blue polyethylene bags, including the control were evaluated. A complete randomized block design was used. Four replicates per treatment were used with five bunches each. Bunch weight, finger...
September 2020
African Journal of Biotechnology
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of selected Kenyan groundnut (Arachis hypongaea L.) varieties
Groundnuts are among the principle economic oilseed largely cultivated in warm regions of Kenya and contribute to domestic food security and cash revenue. The study aimed at evaluating genetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of groundnut varieties grown in some parts of Kenya. Six varieties (ICG83708, ICGV99568, CG7, ICGV12991, RV and Chalimbana) obtained from KALRO (Kakamega) based on quality traits. Seeds...
September 2020
African Journal of Biotechnology
Evaluation of sugar beet monogerm O-type lines for salinity tolerance at vegetative stage
Increased production of sugar beet under rainfed conditions on saline–sodic soils in the Iranian areas highlights the importance of salt tolerant varieties. Screening of genotypes for salinity tolerance is difficult in field due to heterogeneity of physical and chemical properties of soil. In order to evaluate the salinity tolerance of 21 sugar beet monogerm O-types lines, a pot experiment was conducted using a...
September 2020
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Irrigation water quality analysis of Mitheu Stream in Machakos Municipality, Kenya
Water samples for physico-chemical, heavy metals and bacteriological analyses were collected from 4 selected points along Mitheu Stream flowing through Machakos Municipality once every month from June 2019 to September 2019. The samples were analyzed in Kenya Plant and Health Inspectorate Service and Water Resources Authority laboratories then data subjected to one-way analysis of variance to test significant...
September 2020
African Journal of Business Management
Co-operative and saving societies (SACCOS) and poverty reduction in Lango and Kigezi sub-regions of Uganda: A comparative empirical study
The paper examines the contributions of co-operative and saving societies in poverty reduction in Lango and Kigezi sub-region. The study adopted a comparative and cross-sectional survey design where bivariate and multivariate data analyses were used to analyze the data. Specifically, correlation and regression analysis were done to determine the relationship between financial contribution by savings and credit...
September 2020
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: What is the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice in Kandahar, Afghanistan?
There is a rising concern for the rapid increase of COVID-19 confirmed cases in Kandahar province. From zero reported cases until 17th March 2020, then Kandahar saw a sudden rise in the cases by 16th May 2020. Decreased literacy rates, poor health education, lack of facilities, inconsistent government policies, and defying coronavirus safety advisory by the public have resulted in the rapid spread of COVID-19. The...
Page 1 of 1196, showing 50 records out of 59785 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
