Articles
Page 1 of 1136, showing 50 records out of 56755 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of adoption of dorper black head Somali crossbred sheep in pastoral areas: the case of Yabello District, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
This study aims to investigate determinants of adoption of the Dorper Black Head Somali (DBHS) Crossbred Sheep by the pastoralists in Yabello District, Ethiopia. Data from 123 sample respondents (pastoralists) were collected and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the effects of hypothesized independent variables on the dependent variable (adoption of DBHS crossbred...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
The effect of mechanical kneading and absit preparation on tef injera quality
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mechanical kneading and ‘absit’ preparation difference on the quality of tef injera, the staple food of Ethiopians. Standard methods were adopted to determine the starch fraction, total phenol, flavonoid, phytate and tannins of injera. Sensory injera quality was assessed using 9-point-hedonic scale. Change in kneading conditions (time/speed) did not...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Weaning food fortification and improvement of fermented cereal and legume by metabolic activities of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum
The provision of cheap, balanced and adequate nutritional composition for growing infants is a major challenge in Africa. Most weaning foods are usually cereal-based gruels fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The major nutrient they supply being carbohydrate, uncontrolled or inappropriate intake might cause growth retardation and malnutrition in growing children. The nutritional requirement of weaning infants could...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Determinants of traders’ nutrition knowledge and intake of traditional African vegetables in Tanzania
Indigenous and traditional African vegetables are receiving increasing attention because of their potential to contribute to food and nutritional security as well as enhance livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Traditional African vegetables are important sources of nutrients like iron and calcium and also vitamins A, B complex, C, and E. The consumption of vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa, however, falls way below the...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Effect of pregelatinized corn and rice flour on specific volume of gluten-free traditional Algerian bread «KhobzEddar» using central composite design
In the present study, the effect of addition of pregelatinized corn and rice flour on specific volume of gluten-free traditional Algerian bread Khobz Eddar was studied. The gluten-free breads were made from corn and rice/field bean formula in ratio 2/1 (w/w) and pregelatinized corn and rice flour were made by adding water to flour on the basis of 5/1 (w/w) and heated until 65°C. Response Surface Methodology (RSM)...
October 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Fate of aflatoxins during traditional melon cake and sauce processing
Melon cake is a non-fermented, traditionally processed food product obtained from melon seeds, and it is consumed as a snack or added to soup. Melon sauce is obtained during the final step of melon cake processing and it is used with melon cake during soup making. This study focused on evaluating the fate of aflatoxin during traditional melon seed processing into melon cake and sauce as a combined product. Shelled melon...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Economic efficiency of smallholder farmers in barley production in Meket district, Ethiopia
This study analyzed the economic efficiency of smallholder farmers in barley production in the case of Meket district, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. A cross sectional data collected from a sample of 123 barley producers during the 2015/2016 production season was used for the analysis. Two stages random sampling method was used to select sample respondents. The translog functional form was chosen to estimate...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of commercialization by smallholder onion farmers in Fogera district, South Gondar Zone, Amhara national regional State, Ethiopia
Onion crop is one of the most important commercialized horticultural crops among smallholder farmers because they derive benefits such as income, source of food, health care and rural employment. In developing countries like Ethiopia, most smallholder farmers are characterized by poor market participation due to lack of market information, price volatility related to seasonality of supply, and poor performance of the...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of the adoption of improved faba bean varieties in Enda-Mehoni district, South Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
This paper examines determinants of faba bean varieties adoption in Enda-Mehoni district using a cross-sectional data collected from 223 sample households. An interview schedule was employed to collect the data and presented using frequency, percentage and mean. We employed t-test and χ2-test statistics to see the significant difference between adopter and non-adopter and a binary logit model to know the influence...
October 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of market participation and intensity of marketed surplus among teff producers in Dera District of South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
In Ethiopia, cereal production and marketing are the means of livelihood for millions of households. Teff is the major cash crop grown in the study area mainly for market. However, the teff marketing has not been given due attention, which has potential production volume and marketability. The objective of this paper is to identify the factors affecting market participation and intensity of teff marketed surplus. A two...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens in Ethiopia
This study reviews the productive and reproductive performance of indigenous chickens in Ethiopia with the aim of delivering summarized and synthesized information for the beneficiaries and producers. Chicken production encompasses into traditional scavenging, small and large-scale market orientated systems based on the objective of the producer, the type of inputs used and the number and types of chickens kept. In...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Current Status of animal biotechnology and option for improvement of animal reproduction in Asia
The aim of this review paper was to investigate the use of biotechnology in the improvement of animal reproduction in different Asian Countries. Biotechnologies have contributed immensely to increasing livestock reproductively, particularly in developed countries, and can help to alleviate poverty and hunger, reduce the threats of diseases and ensure environmental sustainability in developing countries. A wide range of...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Assesment of quality and marketing of hide and skin in Adamitulu Jidokombolcha and Bora Woreda in East Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Hide and Skins are important economic products contributing to the largest share of the total and agricultural export commodities followed by live animals in Ethiopia. The current study was conducted with the objective of assessing the major causes of hide and skin defect, quality, and marketing of the raw materials in Adami-Tulu and Bora district. A total of 768 (382 sheep and 220 goat skins and 76 cattle hides) sample...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Local sheep and goat reproductive performance managed under farmer condition in Southern Ethiopia
Sheep and goats represent an important component of the farming system by providing about 12% of the value of livestock products consumed and 48% of the cash income generated at the farm level. Although diverse sheep and goats resources are found in Ethiopia, their productivity is low; the sector has not received a great deal of attention from scientists, administrators and legislators. Strategic recording and...
October 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Influence of dietary wood charcoal on growth performance, nutrient efficiency and excreta quality of male broiler chickens
Dietary wood charcoal can be a potential low-cost feed supplement for the improvement of performance in broiler chicken production, while reducing loss of nutrients through birds’ excreta. However, it has no nutritive value and excess feeding may lead to constipation and thereby hamper birds’ production performance. An experiment was conducted with a total of 24 male broiler chickens which were...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Prevalence of premarital sexual practices and its associated factors among high school students in Addis Zemen Town, South Gondar, Ethiopia, 2017
Pre-marital sex is a penetrative vaginal or anal sexual intercourse performed before formal marriage in younger population. Moreover, these population groups are less likely than adults to have the information, skills and support to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS and other consequences of premarital sex. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pre-marital sexual practice and its associated factors...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Mental health status of students attending tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
National health policies that take into cognizance the interventions against the menace of students’ ill health in Nigeria are limited. This study investigated the health status of students in tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State. A descriptive study design was adopted to randomly select four tertiary institutions out of six. Two hundred students were randomly selected from the four schools; fifty from each...
October 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Sanitation practice and associated factors among slum dwellers residing in urban slums of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
Attaining sustainable sanitation in urban slum community is still an issue and continues to be a gap. Furthermore, factors associated with sanitation practices among slum dwellers has not been yet well explored in many low income countries, such as Ethiopia. This study was designed to determine the sanitation practice and associated factors among slum dwellers residing in urban slums of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A...
September 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Temperature effects on cooked food in the tropics: A case study of local soups in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
This study examined the effects of temperature on cooked food in Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria. It utilized the survey research design. Primary data about cooked food conditions between hours of reheating were generated from women in the area using copies of checklist. Temperature data were collected for a period of one year from Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Delta State University, Abraka. The data were...
September 2018
African Journal of Food Science
A comparative study on stability of different types of coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil against autoxidation and photo-oxidation
This study aimed to compare the stability of five types of coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil available in Sri Lanka. The types of coconut oil studied were coconut pairing oil (CPO), white coconut oil (WCO), refined bleached and deodorized coconut oil (RBDCO), virgin coconut oil (VCO) and coconut oil (CO). Oils were exposed to elevated temperature (60±5°C) in the presence of excess air or oxygen to induce...
September 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Isolation and identification of probiotic Lactobacillus species from traditional drink kunun-zaki fortified with paddy rice and sweet potatoes
The present study was conducted to determine the probiotic properties of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Kunun-zaki processed with different thickeners. Kunun-zaki was processed using 50:50 and 80:20 millet and sorghum. A total of seven isolates that is, Lactobacillus (Lb.) lactis, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus brevis, Lb. acidophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus delbrueckii and...
September 2018
African Journal of Food Science
Proximate composition, physical characteristics and mineral content of fruit, pulp and seeds of Parinari curatellifolia (Maula) from Central Malawi
In this study, proximate composition, physical characteristics and mineral content of fruit, pulp and seeds of Parinari curatellifolia (Maula) fruits from Bunda forests in Central Malawi were determined. Proximate composition included crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber, while physical characteristics included mass, length, thickness of whole fruit and kernels and minerals included potassium, magnesium, manganese,...
September 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Clinopodium nubigenum (Kunth) Kuntze essential oil: Chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial test against respiratory pathogens
The essential oil of leaves and flowers of Clinopodium nubigenum (Kunth.) Kuntze (Lamiaceae) collected in the province of Pichincha-Ecuador was steam distilled and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to determine its chemical composition. The majority of the compounds identified were carvacrol acetate (42.1%), carvacrol (20.6%), pulegone (6.3%) and thymol (5.5%). Antioxidant activity was assessed by...
September 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Anti-inflammatory property of the methanol leaf extract of Parinari kerstingii (ENGL) in rats
The anti-inflammatory effect of the extract of Parinari kerstingii leaves was investigated using egg albumin-induced rat paw oedema, leukocyte mobilization, and acetic acid-induced vascular permeability assay methods. Heat and hypotonicity-induced heamolysis of human red blood cell membrane were also used to assess its membrane stabilizing effect and to determine its inhibitory property on phospholipase A2 activity....
September 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Phenotypic characterization of the West Africa dwarf goats and the production system in Liberia
Data on characterization of animal genetic resources are valuable in the development of breeding and conservation schemes to ensure their sustainable use. A survey was conducted to collect baseline data on the phenotypic characteristics, production system, traits of economic importance and challenges faced by goat farmers in Liberia. The survey was carried out in the 15 counties of Liberia and covered 1314 animals in...
September 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Production performance evaluation of koekoek chicken under farmer management practice in Tigray region, northern Ethiopia
The objective of the study was to introduce and evaluate production performance of Koekoek chicken under smallholder farmers’ management practice and enhance their household income. This on farm experiment was conducted in eastern and south eastern zone of Tigray region. About 53 food insecure smallholder farmers were selected in collaboration with the experts and village administrators. Eighty seven percent of...
September 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Livestock production system characterization in Arsi Zone, Ethiopia
Despite its vital role in the country’s economic activities, livestock sector was considered as poor investment for development in Ethiopia. But currently, it is being given due attention in government policy planning, especially in the last two growth and transformation plans. Arsi zone is known for its own cattle breed known as “Arsi breed” (one of the six local breeds of the country) and has huge...
September 2018
International Journal of Livestock Production
Poultry manure as a protein supplement in indigenous goat production in Zimbabwe
The abundance of poultry litter in most farms in the sub-Saharan Africa is becoming an environmental problem. The objective of this study is to evaluate the proximate value, in-vitro digestibility of dried poultry manure (DPM) and its subsequent effect on growth, pH, and volatile fatty acid production of indigenous goats in Zimbabwe. Eighteen goats were randomly allocated to two treatment diets: grazing veld grass plus...
September 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Stability for descriptors of Solanum aethiopicum Shum group (family Solanaceae)
Solanum aethiopicum Shum group is a nutrient-rich and income-generating crop enterprise in various sub-Saharan Africa countries. Despite its importance, the development of its improved varieties has not been prioritized. Until now, no field-based descriptor development reference for the crop is available for testing candidate varieties for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability. The purpose of this study is to...
September 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Inheritance and combining ability of cowpea resistance to bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus F.)
The bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) is one of the most destructive pests and causes substantial losses to cowpea during storage in tropical and subtropical regions. The development of successful breeding strategy requires knowledge on gene action and trait inheritance in local and improved sources. In this study, the mode of inheritance, the types of gene action and maternal effects of cowpea resistance to...
September 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Inheritance and combing ability in maize using a 7x7 diallel cross
Twenty one F1s produced from 7x7 diallel mating along with the 7 parents were evaluated to notice the inheritance and combining ability of different traits to obtain high heterotic crosses. Genetic analysis and combing ability were analyzed following Hayman’s and Griffing’s diallel analyses, respectively. Hybrids projecting positive or negative potency ratio with >1.0 value for those traits is also the...
September 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Genotype by environment interaction and stability analysis of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] genotypes for yield in Ethiopia
Ethiopia is claimed to be a center of diversity for cowpea production. The crop is the most drought tolerant and could help the country overcome the recurrent drought problem; however, the yield is very low due to lack of effort to develop varieties. This research was conducted to evaluate the stability of cowpea genotypes and to estimate the magnitude of genotypes by environment interaction (GEI) effect on grain yield....
September 2018
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Evaluations of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties for yield and yield related traits in central zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
A field experiment was carried out at Laelay maichew and Tahtay maichew districts in central zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, for two consecutive seasons (2014/2015 to 2015/2016) under rain fed conditions. The objective of the study was to evaluate and select best performing faba bean varieties. Ten faba bean varieties including the local check were evaluated in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three...
September 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Tinea capitis:A tropical disease of hygienic concern among primary school children in an urban community in Nigeria
Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophyte infection in school age children in developing countries and is known to impact negatively on their health and well-being. This study determined the prevalence of T. capitis and its relationship with hygiene among primary school pupils in Ile-Ife. This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited randomly selected pupils from public and private schools in Ile-Ife from March...
September 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics within Kaduna metropolis, North-Central, Nigeria
Chlamydia trachomatis is a major causative agent of sexually transmitted disease (STD), which can damage a woman’s reproductive organs. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was investigated among 200 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in three hospitals located within Kaduna metropolis, North-Central, Nigeria. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique was performed to detect chlamydia...
September 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Assessment of major causes of heart failure and it’s pharmacologic management among patients at Felege Hiwot referral hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Heart failure is a complex, clinical syndrome of signs and symptoms that are caused by defects in cardiac structure, function, or both, resulting in impairment of peripheral circulation and organ oxygenation. It is a staggering clinical and public health problem and the study of the epidemiology on heart failure demonstrated that heart failure is associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and health care...
September 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Association of body weight, scrotal circumference, heart girth and penile development with spermatogenesis in the Nubian bucks
This study was designed to monitor the morphological development of the reproductive tract of the Nubian bucks in relation to puberty. Thirty-two Nubian male kids were used in this study. Their ages ranged between 1 day and 24 weeks. The study was undertaken to correlate the body weight (BW), heart girth circumference (HG), scrotal circumference (SC), testicular descent into the scrotum and penile separation from...
September 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Assessment on major reproductive health problems of dairy cattle in Boloso Sore, Southern Ethiopia
The ultimate goal integrated herd health management is to lower calving interval, decrease the number of services per conception thereby increasing reproduction and production but reproductive health disorders affect the reproductive performance of the dairy cows, the number of potential replacement needed to maintain a constant herd size and the longevity of the cow in the herd. There was insufficiency research...
September 2018
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Prevalence and clinical pathology caused by infectious bronchitis virus in poultry birds at Sindh, Pakistan
Poultry is a major meat and eggs producing sector that generates high income throughout the world. Despite worldwide growth of poultry, it is influenced by various infectious pathogens especially infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). As a result of heavy economic losses through high morbidity, mortality, deficient performance, low weight gain, abnormal colour and misshapen eggs, this study is designed on identification and...
September 2018
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with diets containing caffeine
The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of caffeine on the performance of juveniles of Nile tilapia. One hundred and forty four (144) juveniles of Nile Tilapia with mass, total length and initial mean height of 2.94 ± 0.16 g, 5.19 ± 0.14 cm and 1.49 ± 0.04 cm, respectively, were used. The fishes were housed in 24 plastic boxes in a closed water recirculation system, where...
September 2018
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Anaesthetic effects and haematological responses of heterobranchus bidorsalis juveniles exposed to
clove oil
This study aims to investigate the use of clove oil as an anaesthetic agent for Heterobranchus bidorsalis juveniles and assess the effects on the test fish, using some hematological parameters. Different concentrations of clove oil (0.8 to 1.2 ppm) were used in static water to determine the induction time and recovery time of the test organisms. Behavioral changes of the test fish were observed, the time the fish became...
September 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Drivers and socioeconomic factors influencing individual and household adaptation to climate change: A case study of residents of Leeds, UK
The dynamic nature of human adaptation and coping strategies to climate change continues to arouse the interest of environmental researchers. This study contributed to this growing area of research by examining the drivers and some socioeconomic factors influencing individual and household adaptation to climate change. Data were collected through household surveys and in-depth interviews. Descriptive statistics,...
September 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Access to land and agricultural based livelihoods in Northwestern Ethiopia: Implications for land use
Land has been curtail national asset and seen as central to economy, the social and political spheres of community as well as the overall society. The objective of this paper has been to assess the implication of accessing land and agricultural based livelihoods of smallholder on land use. The underpinning research involved both primary and secondary data. Primary data were generated using household surveys, focus group...
September 2018
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
The effects of crop market participation in improving food security among smallholder crop producer farmers: The case of Central Ethiopia, Ada’a Woreda
Merely providing support on improved yields for increased crop productivity to smallholder farmers can not improve the household food security. But parallel support for market linkages to crop producer smallholders can reap the full benefit of this increased crop productivity because lack of reliable and accessible market linking system has been found to be one of the main constraints faced by smallholder crop producer...
September 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Genotoxic effects of Peganum harmala L. in relation to traditional use
Peganum harmala L. is a well-known medicinal plant, widely distributed and used in folk medicine. Recently, numerous reports have been published regarding the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of P. harmala and its major alkaloids components. However, mammalian toxicity due to P. harmala alkaloids extract has been rarely investigated. The present research aimed to study the genotoxic effects of harmala plant...
September 2018
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
In vitro anticancer screening of Colombian plants from Piper genus (Piperaceae)
Historically, knowledge of ethnobotany, which has revealed different phytochemical and pharmacological compounds from traditional plants, has formed the basis for new anticancer drug discovery. The use of some Piper species in traditional medicine against cancer, suggests that genus Piper is a promising source of new compounds with anticancer activity. A total of 28 ethanolic extracts were obtained from 16 different...
September 2018
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Quality of tuberculosis treatment services in public hospitals of Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2016
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, responsible for ill health among millions of people each year. It is the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide following human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Tuberculosis control measures are limited by the quality of care provided at the local level. Providing a quality and timely care for patients with TB is crucial in prevention and...
September 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Macrofungal diversity in Yangambi Biosphere reserve and Yoko reserve rainforests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Detecting and understanding patterns in the distribution of taxa is a fundamental element in implementing biodiversity conservation. Regarding fungi, understanding how functional diversity varies with forest types helps to define their niche and allows predicting the impact of forest degradation on communities of macrofungi. It also allows better understanding of the way in which they realize their ecological function...
September 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
In vitro micropropagation of Rhinacanthus nasutus (L) Kurz
The study was aimed to standardise a protocol for the in vitro mass propagation of Rhinacanthus nasutus (L) Kurz, an anticancer shrub. Leaf, node and inflorescence explants were inoculated onto the Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium enriched with different combinations and concentrations of growth regulators. Maximum callusing percentage was achieved in leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/l 2,4-D....
September 2018
International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation
Study on community perception of termite expansion and control in Borana plateau: Case study of Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
Ecologically termites can be divided into damp wood dwellers, dry wood dwellers under and above ground dwellers in Dire, Miyo and Moyale districts. The combination of methods and tools such as stakeholder, key informant interview, group discussions, timelines, transect walk, community sketches were used. About 90 pastoralists were interviewed formally on its expansion and control techniques. The cause of termite...
Page 1 of 1136, showing 50 records out of 56755 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
