Articles
Page 1 of 1192, showing 50 records out of 59588 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Protective effect of piperine from Piper chaba fruits on LPS-induced inflammation in human intestinal cell line
Piper chaba is a flowering vine in the family of piperaceae. It is a spicy plant widely used as food and herbal medicine in the South and Southeast Asian countries. The study evaluated anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities of a major alkaloid extract, piperine, from P. chaba fruits on human colonic epithelial cells. The effects of piperine extract on cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition, and...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Larvicidal activity of Juniperus procera extract against anopheles mosquito in in vitro, North Western Ethiopia
Mosquitoes are the major health threat as they transmit plasmodium parasites that cause malaria. Since mosquitoes developed resistances towards insecticides, investigators are searching for alternative control measures. Bioactive plant chemicals have been identified to serve as a defense mechanism against insects’ larvae. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate larvicidal activities of Juniperus procera...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Screening open source traditional Chinese medicine extracts for growth-inhibiting properties towards Acinetobacter baumannii
Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and other pathogenic bacteria are a worldwide concern due to their increasingly prevalent multidrug resistance. World leaders and health organizations across the globe have voiced their concerns over antibiotic resistance and the critical need for the development of novel antibiotics. Although the number of new antibiotic drugs entering the marketplace in recent years has...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Antibacterial, total phenols, antioxidant, and fatty acids of the lyophilized body fat of Podocnemis expansa (Schweigger, 1812) from farm in Acre State, Brazil
Podocnemis expansa (Podocnemididae) is a chelonian of suborder Pleurodira and is popularly known as Amazon turtle. The animal’s body fat was removed from the farm in Xapuri city in Acre State, Brazil. The fat was lyophilized and the oil was extracted by the Soxhlet method using hexane, as a solvent. The fatty acids majority, identified and quantified by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector, were:...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants commonly used in snakebites in North Western Nigeria
The incidence of snake bite in rural West Africa is reportedly high with an 11–17% mortality rate. Nigeria has one third of the cases for snake bite cases in this region.Thus, most tribes in North-western part of Nigeria depend on medicinal plants for snakebites. However, it appears that a gap exists on documentation of these plants especially tropical flora used in the management of snake bite. This led to...
September 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
In vitro antibacterial activity of Psidium guajava (Guava) leaves extract on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing multi-drug resistant systemic infections
Systemic bacterial infections affect almost all part of the human body systems leading to infections such as urinary tract infections, septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, peritonitis and gastritis. Carbapenems have been used as drug of choice in the treatment of systemic infections. Studies have indicated that Enterobacteriaceae are producing enzymes such as carbapenemases, which inactivate carbapenems. There ...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of dried pods of Prosopis Africana
Evolving resistant microbial strains have posed a great challenge on antibacterial chemotherapy in recent times. Search for novel antimicrobial agents has therefore remained a highly prospective area of research, especially those of plant origin. To this end, Prosopis africana pod used in West Africa in traditional medicine was evaluated for phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. Antibacterial activity...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Effect of Aloe resin on cell migration between Scratch and Boyden chamber assays
Effect of herbal medicine on cell migration is one of the therapeutic points. The objective of this study was to compare the Scratch assay with the Boyden chamber assay for evaluating cell migration with Aloe resin as the chemoattractant agent. Human gingival fibroblasts cells (2.5×105 cells/ml) were exposed to 0.02% (w/v) of Aloe resin in 6-well culture plates for the Scratch assay or in 24-transwell-culture...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Determination of total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and nutrients in Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H. B. K.)
Bertholletia excelsa is native to the Amazon, and it grows in the forests that border the great rivers of the Amazon. This tree brings interest in the commercialization of its fruit, which is called the urchin and almond. Bertholletia excelsa has antioxidant properties, and it is rich in phenolic compounds. In this research, the antioxidant capacity of the Brazilian nut from the city of São João da Baliza...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary practices in the Federal Capital Territory, North-Central Nigeria
A survey of medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary practices (EVP) was conducted in Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria to document the indigenous use of this plant in the management of animal diseases. Data were collected from fifty informants which included seven traditional medical practitioners and 43 pastoralists using a structured questionnaire. A total of 31 plant species from 25 families were recorded from the...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Bioprospective potential in the traditional use of herbal medicines in an institution in Central Brazil
Medicinal plants are important natural goods for many different peoples, especially because of their use as herbal medicines resulting from the traditional knowledge emerged from the direct contact with nature. The great experience of regional, traditional communities on the management and use of plant resources available in their regions led different populations to create and use several medicines. Even though the...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Prevalence and gene sequencing of extended spectrum β-lactamases producing Salmonella enterica serovar. Typhi from South-East Nigeria
Enteric fever is a systemic disease classified into typhoid and paratyphoid fever. Fluoroquinolones and third generation cephalosporins are usually the drugs of choice in the management of Salmonella infections. Previous reports have indicated common occurrence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) including resistance to β-lactams and fluoroquinolones. However, there is paucity of information on the genetic determinants...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Assessment of acute and sub-chronic toxicity of Camellia hakodae Ninh leaves aqueous extracts in experimental animals
Camellia hakodae Ninh (CHN) is an ornamental plant of Vietnam, whose extracts is used as a potential phytotherapeutic beverage due to its good improvement in the immune system, reduction of inflammation and assisting the treatment of some chronic diseases. CHN production may be useful for health during this coronavirus epidemic period. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, acute and sub-chronic toxicity of aqueous...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Antimalarial potential and phytochemical composition of fractions of Lippia kituiensis Vatke (Verbenaceae) growing in Northern Tanzania
Despite past decades of steady advances in the fight against Malaria, statistics show that the disease is still a threat to human health. Previous successes in the development of antimalarial drugs from medicinal plants have fuelled research in this area. However, antimalarial studies on fractionated extracts from such plants have progressed slowly. This study reports the antimalarial potential of fractions from Lippia...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Consensus level in the traditional management of diabetes and chemical potentiality of plants from north Sudanese, Burkina Faso
Diabetes, has become a public health problem whose prevalence is increasing in subsahelian Africa. The present study aimed to determine the consensus level of plant use and their antidiabetic potentiality. Thus, a semi-structured interview carried out from May 2014 to April 2018 with 120 traditional healers allowed retaining nine species after selection according to the frequency of citation and the bibliographic...
August 2020
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Comparison of antioxidant role of methanol, acetone and water extracts of Andrographis paniculata Nees
Antioxidant properties of plants can help thwart a plethora of conditions including cancer, bronchitis, asthma, ulcers, coronary heart diseases, scabies, insomnia, senile debility, diabetes, dysentery, etc. In this study, Andrographis paniculata (Family: Acanthaceae) was investigated for antioxidant activity. 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, 2,2'-azino-bis...
August 2020
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Factors associated with child’s comorbid diarrhea and pneumonia in rural Democratic Republic of the Congo
Diarrhea and pneumonia are leading killers of the world’s youngest children. The toll is highly concentrated in the most disadvantaged children from 15 high-burden countries. The present research reports the factors associated with the comorbidity of the two killer diseases in the context of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), one of the 15 countries suffering the most from the blights. This analysis of...
August 2020
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Determinants of pre-cervical cancer among women visiting Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia: A case control study
Cervical cancer is the most common and lethal form of cancer occurring among women of sub- Saharan Africa and Ethiopia. Despite its wider occurrence, cervical cancer is preventable and curable if it is diagnosed and treated in its pre-cancerous stage. Recognizing the risk factors associated with pre- cervical cancer lesion is important to design appropriate strategies for prevention of cervical cancer. However, studies...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Comparative analysis of biopharmaceutic classification system (BCS) based biowaiver protocols to validate equivalence of a multisource product
Biopharmaceutic classification system (BCS) is a substantial part of drug designing and generic product development and has been accepted as a technique to renounce in-vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation (biowaiver). It appeared to be worthwhile and time-saving by means of in-vitro studies in the presence of biorelevant physiological mediums that mimic not only the predictable solubility but also permeability of the...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Assessment of household knowledge, attitude and practices on disposal methods of expired and unused medicines among residents of Lusaka City, Zambia
Medicines play an important role in treating different diseases and conditions, but when left unused or to expire at home and improperly disposed, they may cause environmental pollution and can be hazardous to health. In this study, assessment of household knowledge attitude and practices on disposal methods of expired and unused medicines among residents was done in selected areas of Lusaka City, Zambia. This was...
August 2020
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Evaluation of the microbiological quality of "mabokés" smothered fish and, proteolytic activity of bacteria of the genus Bacillus in Brazzaville, Congo
In order to assess the health risks related to the consumption of smothered fish "mabokés" sold in the markets of Brazzaville, samples of smothered fish sold in three markets in Brazzaville were analyzed for their microbiological quality. The different samples were cultured for isolation on solid media using conventional microbiological methods. The bacteria isolated were identified on the basis of...
August 2020
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Evaluation of micro-fungi associated with leaf spot of Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. in Southern Nigeria
Fruit of Allanblackia floribunda is an active ingredient in the pharmaceutical industry. Fruit production in the species is hindered by incidence of pathogenic fungi leading to economic loss. This study was conducted to investigate micro-fungi species associated with leaf spot of A. floribunda. Field surveys were carried out in natural stands containing matured A. floribunda trees located at Owu Ikija, Ogun...
August 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effect of scattered tree species on the diversity, abundance and biomass of pastures in a sedentary grazing system in South-western Uganda
Tree species play a significant role in sustaining the productivity of grazing lands. However, information on appropriate species to use in restoring degraded grazing areas is limited. This study used 120 trees to assess the effect of 8 tree species on pasture diversity, abundance and biomass. This was done in a total of 960 quadrats of 1 m2 established under tree canopies and 5 m away from the edge of tree canopies. In...
August 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Influence of distance between plants and pruning of axillary buds on morphological and productive characteristics of tomato plants
This research was carried out for 120 days in the horticulture area of the Universidad Nacional de Concepción, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias to evaluate how morphological and productive characteristics of tomato plants were influenced by the distance between plants and the pruning of axillary buds. The design used in the experiment was the randomized block method with factorial arrangement (3x3); factor A was the...
August 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Participatory upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) seed rate determination for row method of sowing under irrigated eco-system
A field experiment was conducted in 2013 cropping season at Bedloale and Werer sites in Amibara district, Afar Regional State, to determine optimum seeding rate for row method of sowing for productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under irrigated ecosystem. The experiment was conducted with five levels of seed rate treatments (50, 60, 70, and 80 kg ha-1 and local practice) laid out in a randomized complete block design...
August 2020
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Effect of stocking density on growth and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) under cage culture in Lake Albert, Uganda
In Uganda fish is a great source of animal dietary protein, however, natural stocks continue to decline. Therefore, aquaculture provides a viable option to bridge the increasing fish supply-demand gap. Accordingly, a study was conducted from March to August 2016 to investigate the effect of stocking density on the growth performance, and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating net-cages to...
August 2020
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Assessment of selected soil physicochemical properties on different land-use systems and landscape positions at Hamesa watershed, Wolayita zone, Southern Ethiopia
The investigation was undertaken at Hamesa watershed of Wolayita Zone with the aim to assess the consequences of land-use systems and topography on the physical and chemical properties of selected soils. Surface soil samples taken at 0-15 and 15-30 cm depths from three land-use systems (enset, grassland and maize fields) were collected under three slope positions (upper, middle and lower). Both the clay and bulk density...
August 2020
Journal of Dryland Agriculture
Acclimatization and performance evaluations of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) on yield and yield components in different agro-ecologies of Northern Ethiopia
The study is aimed at evaluating the genotype by environment interactions (GEI) on acclimatization of sweetpotato genotypes to the farmers’ field conditions. A field evaluation was done on six sweetpotato genotypes planted in RCBD, three replications in three different agro-ecologies. These genotypes were previously (2012, 2014) tested for yield performance in the same environment. Data collected were subjected to...
August 2020
Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology and Sustainable Development
Land suitability for cocoa production in Idanre, Ondo State, Nigeria
In Nigeria, cocoa is an important cash crop that contributes to wealth creation and poverty alleviation. This study combined a Geographic Information System (GIS) application and Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) to assess land suitability for cocoa cultivation. Based on the FAO rating standard Landsat ETM (2002) and Landsat 8 (2015) images, AsterDEM data, rainfall data, soil map, and the administrative map of...
August 2020
International NGO Journal
Relationship between municipal performance (service delivery) and communities’ rejection/acceptance of demarcations
This paper is an assessment of the relationship between perceived municipal performance (in rendering basic needs) and communities’ rejection/acceptance of amalgamations. The research attempts to answer the question “is there a correlation between municipal demarcation disputes and service delivery provision”. Data for this study was obtained using a quantitative approach. The findings indicate that...
August 2020
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Assessing the effectiveness of nonwoven fabric pollination tents for improved grass breeding
The practices of using isolation and distance in the seed production of open pollinated crops are fundamental concepts to ensure seed purity. We uniquely examined the effectiveness of replacing isolation plots for seed production and grass breeding with different sizes of novel nonwoven synthetic fabric pollination control tents (PCTs). Two fabrics, DWB10 and DWB24, were used along with multiple genotypes of tall fescue...
August 2020
African Journal of Microbiology Research
A comparison of antibacterial efficacy of some household detergents available in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, against 16 ATCC bacterial strains and clinical isolates
The emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant microorganisms are threats to public health due to its related increasing rates of morbidity and mortality in the world. Routine disinfection practices do not eliminate many of these resistant species and may contribute to the development in their resistance. Therefore, the current study evaluates the effectiveness of some popular detergents labelled as antibacterial and...
August 2020
Journal of Dentistry and Oral Hygiene
Evaluating the erosive effect of sour candy on human
The radical increase in consumption of acidic (sour) candies amongst children and teenagers is considered a significant public health concern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the erosive potential of sour candy in comparison with their regular counterparts at different exposure times. Sixteen prepared tooth samples were randomly assigned into four groups, namely: sour candy (n=8), regular candy (n=8); each of...
August 2020
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Heavy metal soil contamination in cocoa plantations in South West Region, Cameroon
The status of heavy metal contamination of surface soils in two cocoa plantations of approximately 30 years in Cameroon was evaluated. The bioavailable fractions of Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd and Cr were used to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination using a selection of contamination indices. In addition, other physicochemical properties including organic matter, particle size, CEC and pH were assessed. One of the farms...
August 2020
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
The role of rural women in natural resources management and utilization: A case of Delanta District, South Wollo Zone, Ethiopia
Natural resources provide any material from the natural environment that can be used by people for support and sustenance of life on earth with its ecological value and manifold resources. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of rural women in natural resources management and utilization in Ethiopia by taking Delanta as the case. The research design was descriptive survey using stratified random sampling...
August 2020
Educational Research and Reviews
Exploring challenges of preparing authentic English language tests in secondary and preparatory schools: The case of Gamo, Gofa and Konso zones in Southern Ethiopia
The main objective of this research was to study challenges of preparing authentic English language tests in Ethiopian six secondary schools. The focus was to assess current challenges in the preparation of authentic and communicative language tests. To this end, interviews and FGD with English language teachers were made and hence, 61 teachers were taken as the sample for the study from six secondary schools: Arba...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Pharmacognostic and toxicological evaluation of the leaves of Piper guineense Schum. and Thonn (Piperaceae)
The leaves of Piper guineense Schum. and Thonn (Piperaceae) are used in ethnomedicine for the management/treatment of various diseases. The objective of this study was to establish the pharmacognostic and toxicological profiles of P. guineense to help practitioners in making choices, and to assist scientists involved in the research of the Piper genus. The fresh leaves were examined for their macroscopic and microscopic...
August 2020
African Journal of Business Management
Environmental reporting, accountability and governance of local governments: An Italian multiple case study
This article aims to investigate the complex interrelationship existing between reporting, accountability and governance of municipalities. More in detail, the paper attempts to identify the internal and external conditions inducing municipalities to keep environmental reports (Research Question 1) and to assess the impact of environmental reporting on the accountability of the municipalities’ governance (Research...
August 2020
Educational Research and Reviews
Development of the choir team perception scale
The purpose of this study is to develop a valid and reliable scale to measure the team perception levels of choir members. In the first step, a draft scale comprising 54-items was administered to 332 choir members. With the KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test for sampling adequacy, KMO value was found to be 0.936. Factor analysis on the scale items showed that the scale comprised 34 items and 5 factors, namely choir and...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Toxicological potential of ethanol extract of stem bark and Croton heliotropiifolius (Euphorbiaceae)
Croton heliotropiifolius is an endemic specie in northeast of Brazil. It is renowned for its medicinal properties, larvicidal, insecticidal and cytotoxic activity. This study evaluated the phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract stem bark of C. heliotropiifolius (EECroton) and the toxicological potential in Swiss albino mice. Phytochemical analysis were performed by thin-layer chromatography. The EECroton at 2000...
August 2020
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Prescribing pattern of medications prescribed to outpatients based on WHO prescribing indicators in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Poor prescribing pattern is observed and become a serious problem in the world including developing countries. In Ethiopia, several studies showed that health care institutions did not meet WHO prescribing indicators and the prescribing pattern is not satisfactory in the health care institutions. This study aimsto review the prescribing pattern of medications prescribed to outpatients based on WHO prescribing indicators...
August 2020
African Journal of Biotechnology
A survey of the aflatoxin level and molecular identification of fungal contaminants in poultry feed mills from different geopolitical zones of Nigeria
Aflatoxin contamination of poultry feeds in Nigeria is a common problem in most feed mills. A survey on the distribution of aflatoxin in feed mills from different parts of Nigeria was carried out. The aflatoxin concentration in most feed mills from the North-western part of Nigeria was low compared to the concentration in the feed mills from the South-eastern part. The total aflatoxin level in three feed mills (B, C and...
August 2020
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Antibiotic resistance and genotypic detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing pathogens in catheter associated urinary tract infection at a teaching facility in Kumasi, Ghana
This study determines the antibiotic resistance pattern of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing pathogens responsible for catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) and the genes associated with the resistance. The study used 35 ESBL-producing pathogens isolated from urine and biofilm found in CAUTI from June 2018 to November 2018. Pathogens were confirmed phenotypically for ESBL production with...
August 2020
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Water quality index (WQI) and bacteriological assessment of some selected hand-dug wells in the Adenta municipality, Ghana
Water quality was assessed from 11 hand dug wells in the Adentan Municipality using Water Quality Index (WQI) and bacteriological load as indicators. The sampling was conducted during the months of July to September, 2019. A total of 33 samples were taken from 11 hand dug wells at monthly intervals. Weighted Average Water Quality Index (WAWQI) was used to compute parameters which include temperature, pH, conductivity,...
August 2020
African Journal of Business Management
Social and environmental practices in the carboniferous industry: An analysis of the perceptions of agents impacted from the perspective of social capital
In the Brazilian contemporaneous context, there is evidence of society's demands for companies to carry out their activities in a responsible manner in the social and environmental spheres. In the coal mining industry, the debate is even more eminent because of the significant environmental impacts generated by the mining activity. The present study aims to analyze the determinants of socio-environmental practices...
August 2020
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Performance of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) varieties grown under broomrape (Orobanche spp.) infestation in South Tigray, Ethiopia
Broomrapes (Orobanche spp.) are the serious roots parasitic weed to legumes crop production in many countries. In Ethiopia, Orobanche crenata is a dominant parasite and a major constraint to faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivation, especially in the Northern parts of the country. Presently, it reduces crop production and has forced farmers to stop growing faba bean crop. Thus, it is necessary to find new sources of...
August 2020
Scientific Research and Essays
Effects of biochar and manure on soil properties and growth of Casuarina equisetifolia seedlings at the coastal region of Kenya
This study investigated the effects of biochar and manure applied singly or together on soil biochemical properties, Casuarina equisetifolia seedling growth and seedling quality. Therefore, a nursery experiment consisting of Prosopis juliflora biochar and cattle manure treatments at 0% (control), 10% biochar, 20% biochar, 10% manure, 10% biochar + 10% manure, and 20% biochar + 10% manure was conducted. Generally,...
August 2020
Journal of AIDS and HIV Research
Viral suppression and predictors among adolescents receiving care for HIV/AIDS in a tertiary health centre in Uyo, South-South, Nigeria
Viral suppression assesses the success of HIV/AIDS treatment and can avert or reduce transmission of infection. Several factors contribute to viral suppression and may vary in different settings and age groups, hence the need to study the associated factors in different populations. The aim of the research was to study the level of viral suppression and its predictors among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV), who knew...
July 2020
International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies
Examining motivation theory in higher education among tenured and non-tenured faculty: Scholarly activity and academic rank
The pursuit of tenure in higher education is arguably the dominant focus of tenure track faculty throughout the United States’ higher education environment, if not a world-wide phenomenon. By applying Vroom’s Expectancy theory of motivation, this study intends to investigate the relationship between research productivity and motivation to conduct such activities at higher education institutes by examining...
July 2020
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Bank credit access trends among farmers in Hurungwe District of Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe’s economic progress is hinged on the performance of the agricultural sector, which supports the majority of the population. Bank credit empowers farmers to adopt inputs and technologies that are key for enhancing productivity and income. This study sought to establish the bank credit access trends among farmers in the Hurungwe District of Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe, comparing the current...
Page 1 of 1192, showing 50 records out of 59588 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
