Articles
Page 1 of 1174, showing 50 records out of 58685 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
January 2020
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Management of world energy resources (Renewable energy): Choices for the future?
Energy enables technical innovations, and progress in health, agriculture and transportation. Socio-economic development and energy production are linked, although some energy-rich countries are poor. Developed countries are the biggest consumers. Energy consumption increases with increase in world population. Fossil energies are dominantly consumed. Nuclear energies are often decried because of serious accidents....
December 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Characterization of the development and productivity of Jatropha curcas L. plants according to provenance and tillage in Bargny, Senegal
Among the crops that can potentially be used to provide the raw material needed for liquid biofuel production Jatropha curcas L. is the one that generates most interest in many development projects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the production and development of 3-year-old J. curcas L. seedlings in 2012. The results showed that after three years of planting, subsoiling and provenance have no effect on growth...
December 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Spatial patterns of climatic variability and water budget over Sudan Savannah Region of Nigeria
The study examined the effect of climatic variability on climatic water balance over Sudan Savannah, Nigeria. Temperature and Rainfall data were collected for the period 1943-2012 from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency. The data were divided into two climatic years 1943-1977 and 1978-2012. On the whole, rainfall amount decreased from a very high mean value of 981.5 mm in Yelwa (Lat. 10.88 N; Long. 4.75 E) to a very low...
December 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Future evolution of surface temperature extremes and the potential impacts on the human health in Senegal
Climate change impacts negatively vulnerable regions such as West African countries like Senegal, through an increase of climate extremes. The objectives of this study is to analyze the future evolution of the extreme temperature events and their impacts on human health in Senegal during the cold (DJF), hot (MAM) and wet seasons (JAS) under the greenhouse gas scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 using Climate projections of five...
December 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Recent advances in analytical approaches for the standardization and quality of polyphenols of propolis
Analytical approaches utilized for the characterization of polyphenols from propolis useful for the determination of its quality is investigated in this study. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation of propolis bioactive molecules is of interest in medicine and nutraceuticals. Recent powerful analytical techniques are of great utility to separate and quantify polyphenols in extracts and finished products due to their...
December 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity of Nigella sativa L. extracts
The Arabs, Asians and, Traditional Health Practitioners in Mombasa county found in Kenya have been using Nigella sativa L. seeds to traditionally manage malaria associated symptoms that is, headache, fever, chills, loss of appetite among others. The present study investigated in vitro antiplasmodial, in vivo antimalarial activities and safety of different extracts of N. sativa. Five extracts obtained via aqueous...
December 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Preliminary study to identify anti-sickle cell plants in Niger's traditional pharmacopoeia and their phytochemicals
The management of sickle cell disease is a major challenge at the international level. In many African countries, sickle cell anemia is one of the major causes of mortality and is a critical public health problem in Niger. In this part of the continent, the estimated prevalence is around 18 to 22%, which is amongst the highest in Africa. Nowadays, despite the existence of some ways to improve the prognosis of sickle...
December 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Economic valuation of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Lake Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia
The purpose of this study is to investigate the economic value of fish (Nile Tilapia) in Lake Hawassa and determine the factors affecting the households’ willingness to pay for a quality improved fish product. The survey was conducted through face-to-face interview of 467 households consuming fish caught from the lake. The respondents were aware on the poor quality of the fish due to domestic and industrial...
December 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Factors determining crop farmers’ willingness to pay for agricultural extension services in Tanzania: A case of Mpwapwa and Mvomero Districts
This study assessed crop farmers’ willingness to pay for AESs and identified factors influencing their willingness to pay for AESs. Data were collected from 292 randomly selected crop farmers’ households between December 2017 and February 2018 using a questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentages and Tobit regression model. The study found that 92% of...
December 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
A study on the effects of self-regulation skills education program on self-regulation skills of
six-year-old children
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a Self-Regulation Skills Education Program on self-regulation skills of six-year-old children. The nonequivalent control group was used in the study. The study group consists of 40 children. “General Information Form” and “Preschool Self-Regulation Assessment (PSRA)”were used as data collection tools. It was determined as a result of the study...
December 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of hydrological pathway and water quality of the songor wetland, Ghana
Wetlands regulate sediment accumulation, minimize pollution load and act as a buffer against coastal erosion. However, the overflow of seawaters into closed lagoons and wetlands could cause an excessive build-up of solutes through evaporation and could threaten the health of the aquatic life. This study examined hydrological regime, water quality and spatial distribution of flora within the Songor Wetland, Ghana using...
December 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
Teachers’ pedagogical competence as determinants of students’ attitude towards basic science in South
West Nigeria
This study investigated teachers’ pedagogical competence as determinant of students’ attitude towards Basic Science in South-West Nigeria. The study was a descriptive survey type study. Participants were 2160 students randomly selected from 108 secondary schools across four States in South- west Nigeria together. 324 teachers teaching Basic Science in Junior Secondary Schools were purposively selected for...
December 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Active and passive air quality bio-monitoring in the tropics: Intra-urban and seasonal variation in atmospheric particles estimated by leaf saturated isothermal remanent magnetisation of Ficus benjamina L (Moraceae)
Atmospheric pollutant emissions are likely to increase continously in developing cities like Abidjan (Ivory Coast) where air quality strategies are ineffective or not yet implemented. This could result in a big risk to human health. Local meteorological parameters can have both positive or negative effect on habitat quality depending on the biomonitoring approach used. This study investigates the sources and factors...
December 2019
African Journal of Cellular Pathology
Assessment of the effect of post-natal lead exposure on the hippocampus of developing Wistar rats
This study examined the effect of post-natal lead exposure on the hippocampus of developing Wistar rats. Nine pregnant Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups of three rats each, consisting of a control Group 1 which received distilled water and experimental Groups 2 and 3 orally administered with 60 and 90 mg/kg bwt of lead acetate, respectively. The pups of the experimental Groups 2 and 3 were exposed...
December 2019
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Women’s perception of male involvement during pregnancy and labour in University College
Hospital, Ibadan
In Nigeria, male involvement practice is almost a mirage in term of labour and delivery support among women. In spite, of it help at reducing complications. The aim of the study is to assess perception of different tribes towards male involvement during pregnancy and labour, the educated, non educated, employed, unemployed and perceived barriers respectively. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed....
December 2019
Journal of Dryland Agriculture
Yield variability of Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as affected by cultivars and sowing date in the Sudan Savanna Zone of Nigeria
Field experiments were conducted in the Sudan Savannah Zone of Nigeria during the 2015/2016 dry season. The Research Farm of Audu Bako Collage of Agriculture, Danbatta (12° 44′ N and 8° 51′ E) and Federal College of Education Technical, Bichi (12°24′N and 8.24′E) represented the two locations. Subjects of interest were to determine the effect of variety and sowing date on yield of...
December 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Assessment on rural poultry production and marketing system of Horro chicken ecotypes in Western Ethiopia
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess production and marketing system of Horro chicken ecotypes, and to determine poultry health and marketing constraints across different agro-ecologies of western Ethiopia. A total of 360 householders were interviewed for the survey in Horro area (western Ethiopia) where the Horro chicken ecotypes are mainly found; the sample size was determined using proportionate sampling...
December 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Unmatchability of mobile phone and handlebar: Predictors among professional motorcyclists at Cotonou (Benin)
In Benin, professional motorcyclists represent a consistent part of transport services, particularly in the city of Cotonou. However, this activity remains poorly regulated, which contributes to the development of risky behaviors. Among these latter, there is not enough evidence about the use of mobile phones while driving. The study aims to estimate the prevalence of mobile phone use while driving and to identify the...
December 2019
African Journal of Bacteriology Research
Genetic diversity and resistance profile of mycobacterial strains isolated in Senegal
Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in Senegal. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance and molecular profiles of mycobacterial strains isolated over a four-year period in Senegal. Mycobacterial isolates worked on were obtained at the National Reference Laboratory of the National Antituberculosis Program (NAP) in Senegal. These strains were cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium or on LJ...
December 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Vinca major L. on biochemical parameters and glucose level of alloxan induced diabetic rats
In view of World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation on the use of medicinal plants for the management of diabetes mellitus, this study evaluated the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Vinca major L. on biochemical parameters and glucose level of alloxan induced diabetic rats as objective. Sixty-four male Wistar albino rats were induced with diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection and were separated into...
December 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Assessment of bacteriological quality of water sources from an agrarian settlement in South-East Nigeria
This study assessed the bacteriological quality of groundwater, rainwater and surface water sourced from an agrarian settlement in South-eastern Nigeria. Agamede, Amede, Ihenyi, Mgbuji and Umuhu communities in Eha-Amufu served as sampling locations. Samples were sourced from River Ebenyi, hand-dug wells and rooftop harvested rainwater. Bacterial isolation, identification and enumeration followed standard methods....
December 2019
Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
The impact of household and similar solid wastes on Kara River quality due to their potential to release nitrogen
This study purpose to assess the real share of nitrogen the household and similar solid wastes can release in direct contact with water. The maximum amount of nitrogen could release was determined by a leaching test. The concentrations of total and organic nitrogen, ammonium and nitrates ions and the pH values were measured in the initial and incubated juices. The leaching test showed that the solid waste can release...
December 2019
Journal of Geology and Mining Research
Structure and tectonics of Hong Hills in Hawal Precambrian Basement Complex, North East Nigeria
The tectonics and impact of the Pan-African orogeny on the Hong Hills area of North Eastern Nigeria has been unraveled. This work basically used structural identification and tectonic inference to decipher the deformation episodes in this region. The results show that this area was subjected to multiple episodes of deformation and there were evidence of reworking of older structures by younger ones. Foliation, folds and...
December 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
The influence of age and gender on class attendance plus the academic achievement of undergraduate Chemistry Education students at University of Calabar
This article investigated the influence of age and gender on class attendance as well as Chemistry Education students’ academic achievement in SED 281, at the University of Calabar. Descriptive survey research design was employed for the study. The target population was two hundred and twenty Chemistry Education students in the Department of Science Education, University of Calabar. A sample size of sixty-four...
December 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Effect of coagulants on the physicochemical properties of fresh tofu
Soy flour from soybean was processed to produce fresh tofu using three coagulants namely lime, Epson salt and tamarind. The results obtained showed that the pH of the samples were 7.20 for Epson salt, 5.00 for lime and 5.50 for tamarind. There were significant differences (p< 0.05) in the weight increase of all the samples with Epson salt (46.62 kg) as the highest. Epson salt had the least coagulation time of 6 min....
December 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of extracts from Balanites aegyptiaca L. Delile (Balanitaceae) root bark: Plant used against liver diseases in Bukina Faso
Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del has been used in various traditional medicines against inflammation and pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic, anti-oedmeatous and analgesic activities of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del root bark in mice. The extracts were tested in vitro for their ability to inhibit the enzymes cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2, 15-lipoxygenase (LOX) and...
December 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Therapeutic effectiveness assessment of antiviral drugs used in chronic hepatitis treatment in three Ivorian university hospitals
This work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs used for the management of chronic viral hepatitis in the three major university hospitals in Abidjan. This is a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study of 203 patients investigated for treatment protocols, patient parameters before and after treatment. It emerged that treatment with pegylated Interferon alpha 2a resulted in a significant decrease in viremia...
December 2019
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Perineo-genital injury secondary to sexual assault in a 3-month old female
Traumatic injuries to the perineum and external genitalia in children may be accidental, self-inflicted or the result of assault. Sexual assaults account for majority of the injuries in developed countries while accidental injuries occur more in underdeveloped and developing countries. The injuries may be isolated or associated with trauma to other areas of the body. Perineal injuries constitute 0.2% of the...
December 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Molecular characterization of some brinjal genotypes (Solanum melongena L) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
To analyze genetic variability of 48 brinjal genotypes by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers, four primers named smSSR01, smSSR03, smSSR11 and smSSR14 were selected for analyze the data. Four primers generated clear bands and a total of 44 alleles were detected among the 48 brinjal genotypes (9.0 to 14.0 alleles per locus with a mean of 11.0 alleles per locus). According to Nei’s (1973), the highest level of...
December 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Milk production, marketing practices and qualities along milk supply chains of Haramaya District, Ethiopia
A study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the physicochemical properties and microbial qualities of raw cow’s milk along the milk supply chain in Haramaya district. A total of 123 smallholder dairy producers, one dairy cooperative, 3 milk collectors, 6 milk retailers, 8 selling points and 18 consumers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Sixty raw milk samples were used for...
December 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Evaluation of cocoa mirid (Distantiella theobroma Dist. and Sahlbergella singularis Hagl.) control practices in Côte d’Ivoire
Rapid pod damage evaluations were performed in four cocoa producing regions in Côte d’Ivoire to assess the severity and regional variability of the mirid pest problem. We further tested the impact of three insecticide products at two different dosages, applied at two different periods on cocoa pod production and mirid infestation on sixty cocoa farms. It was found that in Côte d’Ivoire, cocoa...
December 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Appropriate fertilizer (NPK) rates for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production in the humid forest agro-ecological zone of Cameroon
The objective of this study was to test for appropriate quantity of fertilizer (NPK 12-11-18) required to boost the production of cassava (variety TME 419) in the forest zone of Cameroon. The trial was conducted at the experimental farm of the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) in Mbalmayo. The experimental design was completely randomized block design in three replicates. The treatments were as...
December 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effects of fungicide treatments against Anthracnose in Calabrian (southern Italy) Olive Orchards during
2014-2015
In recent years, severe natural olive anthracnose infections have been observed in orchards of Southern and Central Italy, favoured by mild and rainy seasonal trends, making disease control with the sole use of copper fungicides difficult. Besides, European restrictions in the use of copper compounds for eco-toxicological aspects have forced researchers towards the use of available plant protection products. Thus, 2...
December 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Logistic regression analysis on factors influencing income-poverty among smallholder French bean farmers in Kirinyaga County, Kenya
The study determined factors affecting income-poverty among French bean farmers in Kirinyaga County, Kenya. Results show that 72.6% of French bean farmers were poor. Relative to the poor households, non-poor had the highest net French bean income per acre (KES. 24,133), total net crop income (KES. 150,608), total net livestock income (KES. 21,674), and off-farm income (KES. 198,070). Aversion to risks (p=0.051 and...
December 2019
Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction Technology
Reliability assessment of progressive failure of a low rise framed building on weak
soil-foundation interaction
A 4-storey reinforced concrete framed buildings was modelled in 3-dimensional analysis with the same sections and loadings for both rigid and weak foundations respectively using ETABS and FORM5 Softwares in accordance with Euro code provisions. The weak foundation was initially analysed and designed as a fixed column-foundation joint and later re-analysed and redesigned as a hinged column-foundation joint. The ETABS...
December 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Development of a rice yellow mottle virus amplicon biotechnological tool for the production of high value proteins in rice
Lately, advances on biotechnology have led to the emergence of plants as bioreactor for the production of molecules of industrial, pharmaceutical and agribusiness interests. One of the major advances was the exploitation of plant viruses as “amplifier” for the protein production. This amplicon technology relies on viral vector engineered to contain a gene encoding candidate protein that is produced in...
December 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
An alternative caprine infection model for Mycoplasma mycoides
Ruminant infection models for Mycoplasma mycoides are invasive and laborious factors that may interfere with the experiment outcomes. This brief review presents an alternative method that may minimize on the mentioned challenges earlier mentioned. M. mycoides subsp. capri GM12 and M. mycoides subsp. capri YCP1.1 ∆68 strains were used; the former, causing a septicemia in goats. An intra-tracheal inoculation technique was...
December 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Nigeria
This present study was undertaken for detection of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLS) enzyme genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using phenotypic and molecular techniques. Thirty-four P. aeruginosa isolates from different hospitals in Nsukka and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu were screened for the presence of ESBL-encoding genes. Phenotypic screening for ESBL producers...
December 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Evaluation of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from locally consumed probiotic food in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria for antimicrobial activity utilizing agar well diffusion and pH tolerance tests
Antimicrobial activity against entero-pathogens and tolerance to acid stress are crucial characters of probiotic bacteria. Lactobacillus spp. isolates were phenotypically characterized using colony observation, catalase test and Gram stain reaction. The pH (1.5, 2.5 and 3.5) tolerance of each isolate was evaluated at 0 and 4 h. The antibacterial activities of the isolates were tested against pathogenic strains of...
December 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Evaluation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented mustards in lowering hypercholesterol by using bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity and bile salt de-conjugation
This work evaluates lactic acid bacteria (LAB) obtained from fermented mustards for lowering cholesterol. The LAB strains’ ability to reduce cholesterol in vitro was determined using activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and deconjugation of bile salt in vitro. The LAB strains were examined for their ability to resist acid and bile salt. Strains that can reduce cholesterol adhere to Caco-2 cells and they were...
December 2019
African Journal of Political Science and International Relations
Uganda and the refugee problem: challenges and opportunities
Uganda is one of the top refugee hosting countries in Africa and the world. It has been praised as a generous country with progressive refugee policies and laws that reflect the country’s national, regional and international obligations. However, a number of challenges ranging from increasing refugee numbers, protracted refugee situations, the burden of hosting of refugees, to limited resources and little...
December 2019
Journal of Economics and International Finance
Comparative migration studies of Burmese, Cambodian and Laotian migrants in Thailand: Multivariate approach
The paper outlines main economics factors determining migrant workers to Thailand, and the comparative studies between migrants, that are Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos. This research is quantitative in nature using logistic regression analysis. The results indicate demand on migration of Burmese migrants’ relevance to four factors, two related to personal factors (employment and past income) and two related to...
December 2019
African Journal of Business Management
Understanding internal control environment in view of curbing fraud in public healthcare unit
This study extends on the phenomena of control environment of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Brazil through narratives of physicians, nurses and auditors and also analyzes the results with interpretative discourse analysis. The structuration theory based on Giddens and discourse analysis toeing Laclau and Laclau and Mouffe were also used to reflexively discuss the data constructed. Based on...
December 2019
African Journal of Business Management
The role of market learning in the market integration of African smallholders
The integration of smallholders with the market is essential to provide enough food for the growing populations in most African countries. The existing literature emphasizes in that respect the role of transaction costs. This paper offers a complementary view, namely individual-level market learning, which is conceptually integrated in the existing market integration framework. The paper demonstrates that market...
December 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
Causal theoretical model that favors the use of comprehensive sexuality education
This theoretical review goes over the different theoretical variables and constructs that could condition teacher intervention in relation to CSE curricular contents, since teachers’ experiences affect the pedagogic decisions they make. The theoretical model includes the constructs of sexual conduct, teacher training, and teacher self-efficacy for sexual education. Sexual behavior is operationalized by the...
December 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
A two-way perspective on social loafing and organizational cynicism
The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of the relationship between social loafing and organizational cynicism. The sample of the study was selected using stratified cluster sampling method, comprising 71 schools and 1043 teachers working in primary and secondary schools in Pamukkale district of Denizli province. In the study, relational screening model and quantitative methods were used. The data of the study...
December 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
Socio-cultural diversity as determinant of Social Studies students’ academic performance in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Students’ academic performance in Social Studies has been poor for the past years. Blame has been levelled on teacher factors, students’ attitude towards the subject, and lack of learning materials. This study therefore seeks to find out if socio-cultural diversity among students is responsible for their poor performance in Social Studies. The purpose of this study is to examine learners’...
December 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
First report of bovine papillomavirus genotypes in cutaneous lesions by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing in Panama
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) causes benign tumours in the mucosal and cutaneous epithelium and is characterized by the presence of warts. The present study includes the molecular identification of BPV strains in samples of warts using degenerate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers FAP59/64. Skin biopsies were taken from crossbred cattle from two experimental farms of Instituto de Investigación Agropecuaria de...
December 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Foodborne toxinfections caused by virus: Characteristics of the main viruses, prevention, treatment and clinical method of laboratory diagnosis by RT-qPCR
Foodborne viruses were recognized among the top-rated food safety priorities and have become a greater concern to the food industry over the past few years. Food safety experts agreed that control measures for viruses throughout the food chain are required. This manuscript provides a description of foodborne viruses (Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, and Poliovirus) and their...
December 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Virulence characteristics and phylogenetic background of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis from abattoir, poultry and clinical origin in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Enterococcus faecalis is a major cause of nosocomial infection in human and severe extra-intestinal infections in animals. Enterococcus spp possesses the ability to acquire and spread genes linked with antimicrobial resistance which makes them an important nosocomial pathogen. This study aims to determine the distribution of antibiotic resistance and virulence genotype of Enterococcus faecalis in animal, poultry and...
Page 1 of 1174, showing 50 records out of 58685 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
