Articles
Page 1 of 1168, showing 50 records out of 58377 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
October 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Review on market re-orientation of extension services for value chain development in Borno State, Nigeria
Hitherto the primary focus of agricultural extension in Borno State has been to ensure increasing agricultural production for food security. However, the current emphasis is on enhancing rural incomes through market re-orientation. This change was necessitated by the realization that subsistence food production can no longer provide for a decent living and therefore increased engagement in commercial food production and...
October 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Enhancing community participation to improve sustainability of irrigation projects in Geita
District, Tanzania
The research on which this paper is based was conducted in Geita District, Tanzania, to assess the nature of community participation in irrigation projects in three villages (Nzera, Lwenge and Nyamalulu) to find out whether community participation used in the projects was likely to lead to their long term sustainability. A cross-sectional research design was adopted in which a combination of purposive and simple random...
October 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Causes of losses and the economic loss estimates at post-harvest handling points along the beef value chain in Uganda
Uganda’s beef industry has been growing slowly and requires sustained monitoring of actors at post-harvest handling points in order to decrease public health risks and losses. This study documented causes of losses and estimated economic values at post-harvest handling points along the beef value chain. It was carried out at slaughter houses, transporters and butcher shops in the districts of Western, Central and...
October 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Plant disease forecast and modern dynamism in black pod disease management in Nigeria
Black pod disease (BPD) is reputed for its regular occurrence in Africa and around the world with high propensity for massive destruction of cocoa pods in the field and total yield loss per season if proper management strategies are not applied. This research was designed to provide useful and timely information on BPD outbreak, its intensity and specific areas expected to be massively affected by the disease in...
October 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Effects of rooting media and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentration on rooting and shoot development of Duranta erecta tip cuttings
Duranta erecta is popularly grown as an ornamental plant in tropical and semi-tropical gardens. Current demands for the shrub have prompted the need for effective propagation methods. In this study, the influence of indole-3butyric acid (IBA) hormone concentration and media on rooting of D. erecta propagated from tip cuttings under greenhouse conditions were investigated. IBA hormone was used in three concentrations...
September 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Seasonal variability of rainfall and thunderstorm in Guinea over the period 1981 to 2010
Republic of Guinea is one of the West African countries which share form a border with the southern part of the Sahel. It is located in the tropical area where the convective systems activities are intense with strong rainfall. Our results on Standardized Precipitation Index are coherent with the Sahel drought during the 1970s, and a recovery period of rainfall since the last years. The Standardized Thunderstorms Index...
September 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Solid waste management in urban communities in Ghana: A case study of the Kumasi metropolis
Globally, solid waste management has in recent times attracted massive attention, and one of the commonly cited areas is the sprawling cities and urban communities, where plastics and other solid waste have become major management challenge. In Ghana, solid waste management has become a major problem, particularly in urban settlements. The overall objective of the study was to investigate the key factors that underlie...
September 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Household perception and willingness to pay for improved waste management service in Mamfe, Cameroon
Lack of financial resources and public participation are major factors that constrain solid waste management in many towns in developing countries. This study sought to determine the willingness to pay (WTP) and the perception of the inhabitants of Mamfe, Cameroon for an improved solid waste management system. A total of 371 households were interviewed and data analysis to identify the determinants of WTP values was...
September 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Identification and control of post-harvest rot of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) in Hong, Adamawa State
Pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo) are grown all around the world for a variety of reasons ranging from agricultural purposes to commercial and ornamental sales. The pathogens causing the rot of pumpkin in the world include fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Three hundred and sixty-six (366) fruits of pumpkins were studied in Pela, Gaya and Kulinyi districts of Hong Local Government Area of Adamawa State. The diseased samples...
September 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Homegarden plants in Legambo District (Chiro Kebele) South Wollo, Ethiopia: Future implication for food security and rehabilitation program
Homegarden is a traditional farming practice that consists of growing adaptable landraces and endangered species which have been conserved. Previously, status of the homegarden has not been studied. Therefore, this study provided information about homegarden species composition, status and value of species for future food and rehabilitation program. The study was conducted in Chiro kebele, South Wollo of Ethiopia during...
September 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Impact of quarries emissions on the leaf morpho-anatomy of three olive (Olea europea L) cultivars grown in Palestine
To investigate the effects of quarries emissions on the leaf morpho-anatomy of Romi, Nabali and K18 olive cultivars in Taffouh village (Palestine), one set of olive cultivars of two-years old was cultivated close to quarries while the control set was cultivated almost 4 km from quarries. The morphology of six month-old leaves was examined. Leaf segments were fixed in compound fixative of formaldehyde, acetic acid and...
September 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Resistance of cowpea to Cowpea bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus Fab.): Knowledge level on the genetic advances
Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] is an important food legume. This crop considered as source of dietary protein is also used as a leafy vegetable in many African countries. Its usage as food and animal fodder is focused on food security and diminishing malnutrition particularly in marginal areas. Bruchid (Callosobruchus maculatus) is the most damaging, cosmopolitan pest of stored cowpea grains especially in the...
September 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Germplasm collection and morphological characterization of local accessions of tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) in Ghana for conservation and utilization
Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) is a nutritious crop of the sedge family. In Ghana available local accessions have not been collected and characterized for conservation and utilization purposes. The objective of this study was to collect, conserve and characterize twenty-four local accessions of tigernut in Ghana based on agro-morphological traits. The ANOVA revealed significant (p<0.05) differences among the...
September 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Canvassing of biological attributes by In vitro screening of Canarium bengalense
Various Hoang family remedies known as Dai-Thien-Nuong, utilize Canarium bengalense Roxb. (Family: Burseraceae) as a major component for the treatment of tumor and liver damage. This study was performed using the crude methanol extract of C. bengalense Roxb. bark and its petroleum ether, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane and aqueous soluble fractions for antioxidant, cytotoxic, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and...
September 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Tolerance and observance of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis at the university Hospital Bogodogo, Burkina Faso
This study is aimed at assessing tolerance and observance of the patients with RA (rheumatoid arthritis) treated by methotrexate at University Hospital Bogodogo, in Burkina Faso. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2015 in outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis monitored in rheumatology service. Data were obtained from interview, by reviewing medical cards of the patients and consultation report...
September 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Rural communities access to community and social development projects in North Central Nigeria
This study on rural communities’ access to community and social development projects in North Central Nigeria was carried out in North Central Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique and a sample size of 418 respondents was selected for the study. Data for the study were collected from primary sources. Primary data were collected through a well-structured questionnaire. 58.7% of the respondents were males whereas...
September 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Pre-scaling up of improved maize variety in Highlands and Midhighlands of West Guji Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
This study was conducted at Bule Hora district of West Guji zone, Southern Oromia with the objective of further disseminating the already evaluated and selected variety maize, Jibat (AMH-851) to the farming community. The district was selected purposively based on potentiality and accessibility for maize production; and two potential peasant associations (PAs), Hera Liphitu and MetiTokuma were selected. A total of 20...
September 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Use of medicinal plants for the treatment of gastric ulcer in some parts of Southwestern Nigeria
Ulcer is erosion in the lining of the stomach or duodenum. It is caused by disruption of the gastric mucosal defense and repair systems. There has been much interest in natural medicines derived from traditional knowledge of pharmacological properties of plants recently. The major aim of this study was to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of plants used in the treatment of Gastric ulcers in some local government areas of...
September 2019
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Evaluation of some selected forage grasses for their salt tolerance, ameliorative effect and biomass yield under salt affected soil at Southern Afar, Ethiopia
Soil salinity is a growing problem on many irrigated parts of arid and semi-arid areas of Ethiopia. Utilization of improved salt-tolerant forage grasses help farmers to maximize production and reclaim saline soil. A study was conducted at Werer Agricultural Research Center (WARC) from 2012 to 2014 to evaluate performance of four forage grass species of salinity tolerance, ameliorative effect and biomass production. The...
September 2019
Scientific Research and Essays
Positioning smallholder farming in the agricultural productivity and food security in resource limited Sierra Leone
Agriculture is dominated by smallholder farmers who occupy the majority of land, and produce most of the crop and livestock products in Sierra Leone. Nonetheless, the key long-standing challenge of the smallholder farmers is low productivity that stems from the lack of access to markets, credit and technology, and in recent years these are compounded by the volatile food and energy prices and very recently by the global...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Evaluation of biocontrol agent and wheat straw mulch on yield and yield components of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes in Central Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the 13 and 4th most important food and oil seed crops in the world. Groundnut is a source of vitamin E. However, due to low soil fertility, drought stress, fungal diseases and lack of appropriate management, production has been constrained qualitatively and quantitatively in the study area. Trichoderma harzianum and wheat straw mulch could increase the growth performance of groundnut...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Performance of CIP and Dutch potato varieties under Rwanda climate conditions
In attempt to develop new potato varieties with the current market lead traits, nine Dutch potato varieties namely Fabula, Panamela, Sagitta, Challenger, Sifra, Rosi, Memphis, Taurus and Derby, and International Potato Center (CIP) varieties Kinigi and Kirundo were evaluated in three Rwandan sites for two growing seasons in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with tree replications. The data collected consists of...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Inoculation with entomopathogenic fungi reduces seed contamination, improves seed germination and growth of chilli seedlings
The use of entomopathogenic fungi is a common practice for integrated pest management. It has recently been observed that they also play a role as growth promoters and plant disease antagonism. In this study, the effect of inoculation with two strains of Beauveria bassiana [(Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. 1912] (strains BB42 and BB09) and two strains of Metarhizium anisopliae [(Metschn.) Sorokīn 1883] (strains MA25 and MA28) on...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Evaluation of the systemic action of neem (Azadirachta indica A. juss) seed products against the desert locust immature Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
The current study was done to investigate the potential of the systemic growth regulatory effects of various neem seeds products against immature stages of desert locust infesting potted millet plants in Sudan. The tests also covered the stability of the systemic action of neem seed powder (NSP) under conditions of water stress. Some (33-80%) of the exposed nymphs developed to the third stage without further moulting....
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Use of temporary immersion bioreactors on in vitro culture of cactus pear
This work was conducted with the objective of evaluating the performance of cactus pear cultivars on in vitro culture using bioreactors and the conventional method. The treatments were arranged in a 3 × 2 factorial scheme with a completely randomized design, and the three cactus pear cultivars (Orelha de elefante mexicana, Miúda and IPA-Sertânia) were combined with two micropropagation methods...
September 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Effects of methanolic tuber extract of Cyperus esculentus Linn (tiger nuts) on sub-acute liver damage in albino rats
This study evaluated the effects of Cyperus esculentus methanolic tuber extract (CEME) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced sub-acute liver damage in albino rats. Dried tubers of C. esculentus were pulverized and extracted by cold maceration, using 80% methanol. Thirty albino rats, randomly assigned to 6 groups (A–F) of 5 each were used for the study. Sub-acute liver damage was induced in Groups A-E rats using...
September 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
24 h pre-incubation of EA.hy926 cells with angiotensin II regulates insulin-dependent activation of eNOS in a concentration-dependent manner
The rennin-angiotensin II system (RAS) and the insulin-PI3kinase signalling pathways cross-interact with important physiological and pathophysiological consequences for cells and the whole organism. Here, the effect of 24 h pre-incubation of EA.hy926 with two different concentrations of angiotensin II, on insulin-mediated activation of the PI3kinase-AKT-eNOS signalling was investigated. Quiescent EA.hy926 cells were...
September 2019
African Journal of Marketing Management
Satisfaction and retention strategies for Nigerian Generation Y customers
Firms in the service industry have experienced a 15 to 30% drop in customer satisfaction ratings estimated at $10 billion annually due to the unpredictable tendencies of Generation Y customers, also known as Millennials. Researchers project that the population size, spending power and inconsistent behavioral pattern of this generational cohort might determine how customers will relate to service providers in the future....
September 2019
Journal of Media and Communication Studies
A study on the effect of 13 Reasons Why on young adults with low self-esteem
The study was designed to examine the effect of 13 Reasons Why on 216 young adults with low self-esteem. Survey method was used to obtain the responses from the samples, before and after watching 13 Reasons Why. The findings of the study revealed that, 13 Reasons Why improved self-esteem in the female samples alone. No improvement in self-esteem was observed in the male samples. Key words: Thirteen...
September 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Alarming levels of ototoxicity among multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients on intensive phase of treatment at specialist treatment centers in South Western, Nigeria
Management of multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients remains a challenge in the control of tuberculosis worldwide. MDR-TB patients require long term treatment with drugs that cause various adverse effects especially ototoxicity associated with aminoglycoside. Current treatment guidelines still include aminoglycosides use especially in developing countries. However, there is dearth of information regarding...
September 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Awareness and psychosocial support for breast cancer patients and its public health implications
Breast cancer is the most common and steeply rising cancer among women in Bangladesh. This qualitative observational study is done to assess the psychosocial sufferings of breast cancer patients. The purpose of the study is to evaluate eradication of social obstacles and to amend the overall level of distress and stigma associated with breast cancer. The observational prospective study was conducted on 240 patients aged...
September 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from Carissa carandas
This is the first report of endophytic fungi derived from Carissa carandas producing bioactive compounds in Thailand. The aims of this research were to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from endophytic fungi, identify the potential fungal isolates by phylogenetic analysis and analyze the composition of the potential crude extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The...
September 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Predisposing factors and cost Implications of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients attending federal medical centre Makurdi, Nigeria
The predisposing factors and the cost implications of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in patients attending Federal Medical Centre, Benue State, Makurdi, was investigated. Information on socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the patients was obtained using a structured questionnaire. The female had a higher (56.5%) number of TB patients than the male (43.5%). Most of the TB patients were married (52%). A larger...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Molecular identification of acetic acid bacteria isolated from fermented mango juices of Burkina Faso: 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Acetic acid bacteria are known for their ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid. This study investigated to identify dominant strain acetic acid bacteria involving in fermented juice of mango and capable to produce Vinegar, total of 4 bacteria (CRSBAN-BVA1, CRSBAN-BVK1, CRSBAN-BVK2, CRSBAN-BVI1) bacteria strains were preselected ¶for the analyses. The strains were examined with biochemical, physiological and...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Phylogenetic analysis of bluetongue virus serotype16 based on genome segment 5 (encoding NS1)
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the ‘type’ species of the genus Orbivirus within the family Reoviridae. The BTV genome is composed of ten linear segments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), each of which codes for at least one of ten distinct viral proteins. Phylogenetic analysis based on VP2, VP3, VP5, VP7 and NS3 gene has been advocated by different researchers around the world. However, very little information...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Cytogenetic and molecular assessment of some nanoparticles using Allium sativum assay
One of the primary objectives in agriculture is providing high-quality crops to consumers. Multiple techniques and methods are utilized to achieve this objective, including nanotechnology that depends on the use of very small materials, which will help in decreasing the amounts usually used with similar effects. Nanomaterials are used as fertilizers and also as component of nano-pesticides for plants. Despite their...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Biotechnological tools for detection, identification and management of plant diseases
Detection and identification of plant pathogens is one of the most important strategies for sustainable plant diseases management. For this reason, the availability of fast, sensitive and accurate methods for detection and identification of plant pathogens is increasingly necessary to improve disease control decision making process. In other words, new technologies and improved methods with reduced/fair cost and...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Wheat response to water stress condition at different growth stages in Amibara, Ethiopia
To evaluate the effect of water stress at different crop growth stages on yield, yield components and water use efficiency, a field experiment was carried out in 2015/2016, 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 for bread wheat (Gambo variety) at Werer Agricultural Research Center. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications having 15 experimental treatments. Combination of water...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Soil chemical indicators and nutrient cycling variations across sequential years of rice cultivation: A case study of floodplain conditions of the Amazon, Brazil
To meet the rising food demand for next generations, soils are needed to stand biological yield and promote animal, plant and human welfare. In this logic, the aim of the study was to determine the effects of different soil uses; (a) successive irrigated rice planting and (b) different soil management practices onto soil chemical properties and nutrient cycling. The study was carried out in areas with dissimilar years...
September 2019
Journal of AIDS and HIV Research
Mode of transmission of HIV infection among orphans and vulnerable children in some selected States
in Nigeria
Nigeria has high rate of pediatric HIV but there is a dearth of empirical data on the mode of HIV transmission. Association for Reproductive and Family Health (ARFH), with the support of USAID, is implementing a project to mitigate the impact of HIV on Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) affected/infected with HIV/AIDS in Akwa-Ibom, Lagos, and Rivers states, Nigeria. The mode of HIV transmission among their OVC was...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Local knowledge of pumpkin production, performance and utilization systems for value addition avenues from selected agro-ecological zones of Uganda
Pumpkin is one of the underutilized fruit vegetables in Uganda despite the fact that it has wide spectrum of both nutritional and medicinal values. A survey was carried out to document local knowledge of pumpkin production; performance and utilization systems to aid the selection of pumpkin varieties to be used for particular value addition avenues. It was observed that twelve varieties of pumpkin are commonly grown and...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Biopreservation of meat using the essential oil from Hyptis suaveolens Poit. (Lamiaceae) in Burkina Faso
Essential oils are natural substances which can be used as natural conservators for foods. The present work aimed to evaluate biological properties of essential oil of Hyptis suaveolens and its effect on shelf-life of beef. The extraction was carried out by hydro-distillation. Antioxidant activity was determined by method of DPPH and FRAP. Antimicrobial activity was determined by the microdilution and agar diffusion...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Recombination fraction and genetic linkage among key disease resistance genes (Co-42/Phg-2 and Co-5/“P.ult”) in common bean
Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), Angular leaf spot (Pseudocercospora griseola) and Pythium root rot are important pathogens affecting common bean production in the tropics. A promising strategy to manage these diseases consists of combining several resistance (R) genes into one cultivar. The aim of the study was to determine genetic linkage between gene pairs, Co-42/Phg-2, on bean-chromosome Pv08 and...
September 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Aqueous Extracts of Pericopsis angolensis and Swartzia madagascariensis with High Antimicrobial Activities against Escherichia coli O157, Shigella spp. and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (Serovar typhi)
This study determined the potential antidiarrhoeal potential of Pericopsis angolensis and Swartzia madagascariensis extracts against Escherichia coli O157, Shigella species and Salmonella Typhi. Extracts were obtained using the following methods: (i) hot water extraction (90°C) (LHWE), (ii) cold water extraction (CWED) and (iii) ethanolic extraction (EED). Antimicrobial effects of the extracts were determined using...
September 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Estimation of folate content of cultivated and uncultivated traditional green leafy vegetables in Nigeria
The aim of the study was to quantify the folate content of eight samples (seven raw and boiled traditional leafy vegetables and one fruit vegetable). The analysis of folate in the raw and cooked vegetable samples followed the process of extraction, deconjugation using chicken pancreas deconjugase, and derivatization. Through this process, all folate forms in the deconjugated sample extracts were converted to...
September 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
DNA methylation as the most important content of epigenetics in traditional Chinese herbal medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine is commonly used in China and so many other Asian and western Countries. Epigenetics relates to heritable alternations in chromatin architecture that do not involve changes in the underlying DNA sequence but profoundly affect gene expression and impact cellular function. Epigenetic regulation is attained by specific mechanisms involving DNA methylation, histone posttranslational...
September 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Enhancement of nutritional quality of rice flour with mucuna beans (Mucuna pruriens)
The effect of fermentation on the proximate and anti-nutritional properties of rice flour enriched with mucuna beans was investigated in this study. The rice-mucuna beans flour blends were formulated in various ratios and fermented for 72 h. The predominant moulds isolated during the fermentation were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Geotrichum candidum and Rhizopus stolonifera. After fermentation, the protein...
September 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Ethnobotanical studies of medicinal plants used in traditional treatment of malaria by some herbalists
in Ghana
The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases including malaria is a common practice in Ghanaian traditional medicine. The objective of this study is to document indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants used for the treatment of malaria through ethno-botanical studies to facilitate the discovery of new sources of drugs. The study was carried out in 2018 at the Centre for Plant Medicine Research (CPMR) among...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Assessing fish production, demand and supply in the selected districts of North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
This study was aimed to assess fish production, supply and demand in selected districts of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia to generate base-line data that would help in the proper and sustainable utilization of fishery and water resources. Structured and semi structured questionnaires were employed as a means of data collection tools. Respondents from five districts that is, Merhabete, Menz Mama, Menz...
September 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Botanical control of cultivated plants of Lippia chevalieri Moldenke (Verbenaceae)
In Mali, the Malarial-5 which is an improved traditional medicine (ITM) made partly with the leaves of Lippia chevalieri is used to treat symptoms of uncomplicated malaria. One of the issues related to the production of this ITM is the quality of the raw material. The present work aimed to control the quality of the leaves from cultivated plants of L. chevalieri. This study was carried out from 2015 to 2016 in Mali. The...
Page 1 of 1168, showing 50 records out of 58377 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
