Articles
Page 1 of 1211, showing 50 records out of 60524 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
March 2021
African Journal of Biotechnology
Comparison of homogenization methods for extraction of maize cob metabolites
Previous proteomic studies have shown maize cob tissue to have an essential role in pathogen defense. Currently, there are no studies published regarding neither maize cob metabolomic profiles nor an accepted method of metabolite extraction from cob. This study assesses the reproducibility of metabolite extraction from the cobs of fungal pathogen -resistant and -susceptible cultivars. Hand grinding, mechanical...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effect of seed priming on seedling emergence and growth of bitter kola (Garcinia kola) in Owerri, Nigeria
The potted experiment was conducted in the early planting season of 2018, at the Teaching and Research Farm of Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria to ascertain the effects of seed priming using water, coconut water and moringa leaf extract on the seedling emergence and growth of bitter kola. Completely Randomized Design was used with four treatments and three replicates. The treatments were thus; soaking of bitter...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Assessment of Organic Fertilizer usage by vegetable farmers in Ondo State South West, Nigeria
The study analysed the assessment of organic fertilizer usage by vegetable farmers in Ondo State South West, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from one hundred randomly selected vegetable farmers through a multistage sampling procedure in the study area. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, budgetary analysis and probit regression analysis. Findings of the study revealed that larger percentage (77.0%) of...
March 2021
African Journal of Food Science
Handling practices and microbiological quality of kayabo - salted sun-dried nileperch Lates niloticus from Lake Victoria, Tanzania
This study assessed handling practices and microbiological contamination of salted sun-dried Nile Perch, Lates niloticus, commonly known as Kayabo in Tanzania. The processors of Kayabo were small-scale processors located at Kanyama and Mwaloni, Mwanza. Mixed methods (observations, face-to-face interviews, and microbiological sampling) were used to assess handling practices of processors and...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Feed intake, digestibility and growth performance of Begait sheep kept under different feeding options
Thirty intact growing lambs were used to evaluate feed intake, digestibility and growth performance of Begait sheep breed kept under different feeding options. Animals were used in randomized completely block design with three dietary treatments in ten replicates. Treatments were grass hay fed ad libitum to all treatments plus a mixed diet of 48% wheat bran, 15% molasses, 35% cotton seed cake, 1% salt and 1% limestone...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Effects of agrochemical application on the diversity and abundance of soil macro-fauna in cocoa-based (Theobroma cacao) agroforestry systems in Cameroon
Cocoa farmers’ excessive use of agrochemicals in cocoa agroforests has major repercussions on soil organisms, which play a great role in soil fertility enhancement. This study was carried out to examine the relationship between agrochemical use and soil macro-fauna diversity and abundance in cocoa agroforests in Cameroon. A mixed research approach was used, and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential...
March 2021
International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology
Challenges to vital registration in Nigeria
The objective of this study was to investigate and reveal the socio-demographic factors affecting civil registration in Nigeria. The study employed the cross-sectional survey design. Instruments were administered to 600 participants sampled through a systematic random technique. SPSS (version 22) was used to analyze the data. Local importance attached to civil registration was different towards birth, death and marriage...
March 2021
International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology
Analysis of adolescents’ social competence: A Ghanaian perspective
The study examined social competence of adolescents and ascertained variations in the group based on gender, type of parents they lived with, and community of residence. The comparative analysis study utilised adolescents in their formative years of development. Descriptive survey design was utilised and questionnaire was the sole data collection tool. The study revealed that most of the adolescents demonstrated...
March 2021
African Journal of Food Science
Quality and sensory properties of instant fried noodles made with soybean and carrot pomace flour
Wheat flour commonly used in making noodles is rich in starch but poor in protein and fiber. Wheat flour substituted with soybean and carrot pomace flours were used to produce instant fried noodles. Soybean is high in protein while carrot pomace is rich in dietary fiber. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of substituting wheat flour with soybean and carrot pomace flour on the physicochemical, cooking and...
March 2021
African Journal of Food Science
Increasing gallic acid contents in green tea extracts using acid hydrolysis
Gallic acid (GA) is a functional ingredient abundant in Chinese pu-erh tea. The aim of this study was to increase the GA content in green tea extracts using acid hydrolysis. (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate treated with 1 M hydrochloric acid at 110°C for 1 h resulted in a GA yield of 45.6%. However, under these conditions, (-)-epigallocatechin was easily oxidized and rendered undetectable. On applying the same treatment...
March 2021
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture
Enhancing the fisheries sector of African Great lakes: Value chain analysis of the Tanganyika Sardine (Limnothrissa miodon, Boulenger 1906) from Lake Kivu, Rwanda
Lake Kivu is experiencing unprecedented decline in production of Tanganyika Sardine (Limnothrissa miodon). This study sought to characterise the value chain of this fish species so as to chart its sustainable utilisation. The study performed in 2015 found two chains; an informal chain that takes 30% of the production and a formal chain that handles 70%. The average catch of sardine was 30 kg/day in the high production...
March 2021
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Farmer preference for selected finger millet (Eleusine coracana) varieties in Rift Valley, Kenya
Lack of awareness and information on the traits of orphan crops such as finger millet is a major constraint to finger millet production. Farmer participatory and varietal selection (FVPS) is an efficient method of achieving productivity through enhancing adoption of improved high yielding varieties. A study was conducted in two major growing areas in central Rift Valley, Agri-ecological zone III (ATC-Nakuru and Bomet),...
March 2021
International Journal of Livestock Production
Influence of breed on motility and motion characteristics of fresh, chilled and frozen bull spermatozoa
At present, frozen-thawed semen is used extensively for artificial insemination (AI) in Ethiopia. However, subjective semen quality assessment is still practiced by the semen processing organizations of the country. In this study, motility and motion characteristics of spermatozoa were assessed by using integrated semen analysis system (ISAS) to diagnose breed differences in quality of semen. Semen was collected from 14...
March 2021
International Journal of Livestock Production
Effect of breed, age and period of production on bovine semen quality used for artificial insemination
Various factors are believed to influence quality of semen in breeding bulls. The main objective of this study was to evaluate how breed, age and time of semen production are relevant in the production of good quality semen used for Artificial Insemination. A total of 16,827 ejaculates from 187 bulls (Holstein Frisian = 114, Jersey = 35, Borena = 12, 50%HF × 50%Borena = 5, 75%HF × 25%Borena = 15 and Fogera =...
March 2021
International Journal of Livestock Production
Antilipemic effect of Moringa oleifera leaf powder on blood serum cholesterol fractions in broiler finishers
The effects of using Moringa leaf powder (MLP) as feed additive on the differential cholesterol profile of broiler chickens at finisher phase was investigated in view of the scientific urge to find means of reducing fatty compounds in common meat products. One hundred and twenty,4-weeks old Abor acre broilers were used for this experiment and allotted to four different treatment groups (T1-T4). The control group; T1 was...
March 2021
Journal of Petroleum and Gas Engineering
Study on cyclic water injection of offshore weak volatile reservoir considering hysteresis effect
Based on the theoretical analysis of capillary hysteresis and relative permeability hysteresis and reservoir numerical simulation, a water injection strategy study was conducted for an offshore weak volatile oil fields after long-term depletion development. The results show that if the capillary hysteresis and relative permeability hysteresis are not considered, the recovery prediction results of the subsequent water...
March 2021
African Journal of Food Science
Assessment of phytochemical and mineral composition of unripe and ripe plantain (Musa paradisiaca) peels
Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) fruit constitutes a staple food widely consumed predominantly in Africa. The peel, a major by-product, of plantain fruit is largely viewed to be of little or no significance and consequently discarded, thereby constituting a threat to the environment. It is on account of the foregoing that this study was designed to investigate the phytochemical and mineral components of both the unripe and...
March 2021
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Impact of the home-based management of malaria on morbidity and mortality in under-five children in Penka-Michel and Santchou Health Districts of Cameroon
In Cameroon in 2017, malaria accounted for 53% of hospitalizations, 61% of deaths among under-five children. The National Program adopted since 2015 the integrated Community Directed Interventions (CDI) for the control of malaria. This study determined the impact of the home-based management of childhood malaria morbidity and mortality in the Penka-Michel and Santchou Health Districts of the West Region in Cameroon. A...
March 2021
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Alcohol use and compliance with road safety rules among commercial motorcyclists in Southwest Nigeria
Alcohol has been identified as one of the major causes of traffic accident as those driving under the influence of alcohol barely comply with road safety rules and regulations. This study investigated the influence of alcohol use on compliance with road safety rules among commercial motorcyclists in Southwest Nigeria. Cross sectional descriptive research of the survey type was used to conduct the study. The sample size...
March 2021
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Knowledge and risk factors for Lassa fever amongst students of Federal Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
Lassa fever (LF) is an acute, viral hemorrhagic illness which is common in West Africa. Students of tertiary institutions are also exposed to risk factors. Hence, the study aimed to assess the knowledge and risk factors for Lassa fever amongst students of the Federal Polytechnic Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 240 undergraduate students of the Federal Polytechnic,...
March 2021
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Characterization of cyanobacteria microcystins (cyanotoxins) blooming in the Dams of
Northern Morocco
Cyanobacteria thrive in eutrophic freshwaters and impose a serious problem for the management of water bodies. Some Cyanobacteria species impose even a risk for public health due to the production of intracellular toxins. This study is a qualitative approach to determine the degree of toxicity and the toxicological aspect of cyanotoxins in order to setup a monitoring program for cyanobacteria blooms and the management...
March 2021
African Journal of Food Science
Inactivation of microbes by ozone in the food industry: A review
Ozone is active against a broad spectrum of microorganisms. Ozone treatment can enhance safety and increase shelf life with limited impact on product quality. Ozone is known to be one of the strongest oxidizers that can have applications in foods. In the gaseous state, ozone is denser than air, colorless at lower concentrations and possesses a distinct odor. Ozone can be generated using a few methods, by photochemical...
March 2021
African Journal of Food Science
Impact of instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) treatment on the technological quality of gluten-free bread based on rice-field bean formula using design of experiments
This work aimed to investigate the impact of Instant Controlled Pressure Drop (DIC) treatment on the technological quality of Gluten-Free Bread (GFB) based on Rice-Field bean Formula (RFF). Two DIC factors were used as independent parameters of a Design of Experiments (DoE); X1: DIC temperature ranged from 100 to 165°C which was rigorously correlated with the dry saturated steam pressure ranged between 0.1 and 0.7...
March 2021
International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
Water quality assessment of Ntawogba Stream in Port Harcourt metropolis, Rivers State, Nigeria
Ntawogba stream is one of the natural water bodies that drain the marshy swamp forest water from Port Harcourt municipality into Amadi Creek which empties into the Bonny estuary. Water quality assessment was carried out for three consecutive months (July - September) across three sampling points (upstream, midstream, and downstream). The physical parameters pH, temperature, EC, and turbidity were measured in-situ. The...
March 2021
International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering
City scale water audit of a pilgrimage town in South India
The water need of a religious pilgrimage town in South India would typically be much larger than a regular town where religious pilgrims and ritual activities do not add to the water burden of the municipality. To understand this added water burden, a city scale audit was carried out to estimate the water supply, demand and deficit at Guruvayoor, which is a pilgrimage town in South...
March 2021
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Analysis of stability of naturally aged single base propellants
In this work chemical changes in 42 years old single base propellant induced by natural aging were evaluated. The sample was stored for a long time under uncontrolled conditions. The chemical stability was tested using High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), the vacuum stability test (VST), SEM/EDX and visual analysis by Stereo Microscope. Heat flow calorimetry...
March 2021
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research
Physics of deactivation of gyroscopic inertial forces
This new study on effects of gyroscope demonstrates the action on the spinning disc that the eight interrelated inertial torques system generated by its rotating masses. The physics behind this inertial torques manifest the action of the resistance and precession torques, which physics are described and explained. The latest research on the gyroscopic properties revealed the deactivation of the inertial torques that...
March 2021
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Speciation of trace metal elements in sediments of Alibori River, North-West of Benin
Alibori River located in northwestern Benin is subject to contamination by trace metal elements (TME: Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd) due to the use of agricultural inputs in its vicinity. This study focuses on the speciation of TME elements in the sediments of this river. The sediments were sampled during the rainy and dry seasons, dried, crushed and then sieved. The sediments were then mineralized and subjected to sequential...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) pod and haulm production in the tropical legume project States, Nigeria
The production of groundnut pod and haulm is one way of addressing the challenge of scarcity of livestock feed as well as improving the incomes of small-scale farmers. This study examines the revenue associated with groundnut pod and haulm production, using data obtained from 253 participating farmers. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results showed that average haulm yield ranged from...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Small scale farmers’ perception of institutions and information channels on climate change and adaptation, Embu County, Kenya
This study assessed the small scale farmers’ perception of institutions and information channels on climate change and adaptation in Embu County, Kenya. A survey was conducted on 411 households and 25 key informants on their perception of institutions and information channels towards climate change and adaptation where stratified random and purposive sampling was done respectively. The data were subjected to...
March 2021
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Rapidly growing mycobacterial infections associated with plastic surgery: An epidemiological description
Surgical site infections (SSI) caused by rapidly growing mycobacterial (RGM) have become increasingly frequent. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical aspects and factors associated with RGM infections related to plastic surgery. Notifications of SSI from 86 health care facilities of the capital of a Brazilian state within nine years, approximately, were assessed. RGM, predominantly M....
March 2021
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Evaluation of factors fuelling global antimicrobial resistance and its economic and clinical burden
The aim of the research is to assess the factors fuelling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and its economic and clinical burden. For this purpose, a systematic review was conducted, which included an analysis of factors and economic and clinical burden of AMR. It was found that poorly treated sewage; discharges from antibiotic manufacturing plants, empirical prescribing, lack of antimicrobial stewardship, poor AMR...
March 2021
Journal of Bioinformatics and Sequence Analysis
Genomic profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa gene clusters based on profile HMMs, reveal novel therapeutic targets for clinical intervention
Pseudomonas aeruginosa has developed antibiotic resistance, a major health concern worldwide, through different mechanisms including the formation of biofilms. Thus far, typing has been primarily assay based. However, the many sequences available from the US National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the International Consortium of Pseudomonas Database (IPCD) offer alternative ways of characterizing the...
March 2021
Educational Research and Reviews
The level of understanding scientific and engineering practices in light of the next generation science standards among preservice student teachers
The purpose of the study is to investigate the level of understanding of first three grade preservice teachers of the scientific and engineering practices according to next generation science standards (NGSS) at the World Islamic Sciences University. The sample of the study consisted of 154 fourth year female student teachers at International Islamic Sciences University in the academic year 2019/2020. The study...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Water resources and food security in Algeria: Diagnosis and new strategy proposition
Algeria as an important North African and Mediterranean country with remarkable bioclimatic, edaphic, and political characteristics is under many sorts of negative stress affecting considerably alimentary dependence. Today, Algerian agriculture presents a worrying record. Several warning signs show that the sector is only surviving thanks to massive imports of milk, grains, seeds and chemical fertilizers. The current...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Studies on Cleistopholis patens (benth.) [Magnoliales: Annonaceae] powders as fumigant and contact insecticides to Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae]
Post-harvest losses of agricultural produce caused by store grain pest most especially cereals and grains to store pest require developing cheap, ecofriendly and readily available insecticide to combat this threat and achieve the goal of food security in developing countries. This study investigated the effects of Cleistopholis patens (leaf and stem bark) on Plodia interpunctella infestation in stored maize grains....
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Evaluation of soils fertility, growth, nutrient uptake and yield traits of peanut under indigenous and effective microorganism fertilizers in sandy ferralitic soils in Douala, Cameroon
Soil fertility, growth, nutrient uptake and yield traits of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. var. JL24) were investigated under two organic fertilizers (indigenous microorganisms (IMO) or effective microorganisms (EM) with three replications. Application of IMO or EM fertilizers had significant effects on soils fertility compared to untreated soils. Total nitrogen, organic carbon, total phosphorus, calcium and magnesium led...
March 2021
Journal of Horticulture and Forestry
A photographic method for measurement of tree height: More accurate and simpler than other methods?
In the photographic method, a photo is taken of the tree with an object of known reference height beside it. An inexpensive cell phone camera can be used. The tree height is calculated by using a ruler to measure the tree height and reference height on the photo. Previously, this method was thought to be accurate only if the distance to the camera was many times the tree height. However, if the cell phone is held...
March 2021
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Python farming in Zimbabwe: Assessing local appetite for a novel agricultural system
Python meat is a traditional but small source of protein throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, but supply is exclusively from wild harvest. We build on recent evidence that supports snake farming as a viable and sustainable small-scale livestock system in Asia. We explore python farming as a strategy for enhanced food security in Zimbabwe. Our survey results highlight challenges, including drought and human-wildlife...
March 2021
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Determinants of participation in non-farm activities and its effect on household income: An empirical study in Ethiopia
Undertaking non-agrarian income-generating activities to reduce overreliance on agriculture, production failures, and income fluctuations is a household-amenable, self-insurance mechanism, which provides employment opportunities and capital investment. This article examines the determinants of participation in non-farm activities and effect on household income. Heckman two-step procedure was used to analyze a three-wave...
March 2021
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Taenia saginata cysticercus: Its socioeconomic and psychosocial effects on cattle farmers in Botswana
Despite claims that Taenia saginata taeniosis/cysticercosis cause adverse financial and socioeconomic effects on cattle farmers, there is no recent empirical evidence to justify this assertion in Botswana. This paper provides empirical analysis of bovine taeniosis and cysticercosis effects on farmers’ wellbeing in Botswana. Interviews and observations using non-participatory structured questionnaire were used to...
March 2021
African Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Primary and secondary resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis medications at the Institute Pasteur Bangui, Central African Republic
The emergence and spread of anti-tuberculosis-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis presently represents a real challenge to the WHO's End TB by 2035 strategy. Through this study, we wanted to determine the current prevalence of primary and secondary resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs at the Pasteur Institute in Bangui. Cultures and sensitivity tests were carried out for 6 months (July -...
March 2021
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Effect of Cov-Pla1 and Cov-Pla3 extract on some pulmonary function parameters in rabbits
Transmission of COVID-19 is facilitated by uptake of droplets containing coronavirus from the breath, sneeze or cough of infected persons. This represents the commonest mode of coronavirus infection and spread to mucous membranes of the respiratory system. The virus rapidly replicates in alveolar cells, triggering a strong immune response, resulting in cytokine storm syndromes and pulmonary tissue damage. These...
March 2021
African Journal of Biotechnology
Brewer’s residues and cocoa pod shells as a substrate for cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus CCIBt 2339 and enzymes production
This work investigated the best composition of a substrate for cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus CCIBt 2339 using brewer's spent grain (SG) and cocoa pod shells (CP) complemented with hot trub (HT) and/or residual brewer’s yeast (RY). The residue HT was detrimental for cultivation and a substrate composition (%, w/w) of 58% SG + 40% CP + 2% RY – with a C/N ratio of 25.77 g/g – resulted in the best...
March 2021
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Antimicrobial activities of microbially-synthesized silver nanoparticles against selected clinical pathogens in Akure, Nigeria
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have stimulated interest of scientists due to their wide range of applications, including their potential antimicrobial activity. This study investigated the antimicrobial activities of AgNPs synthesized by rhizospheric soil and fish pond sediment microorganisms against selected clinical pathogens. The samples were cultured and organisms identified in accordance with standard procedures. The...
March 2021
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical characterization, and antibacterial activity of Grewia tenax and Albizia anthelmintica extracts against multidrug-resistant pneumonia-causing bacteria
The use of Grewia tenax and Albizia anthelmintica in treating different ailments is attracting significant attention as a primary health care option in Namibia. This study aims to document their ethnobotanical uses, phytochemical composition, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus. The ethnobotanical uses of G. tenax...
March 2021
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Epidemiological status of coronavirus diseases and the remedy potentials of medicinal plants in Africa
This work aims to explore the epidemiological status of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and assemblage of various plant species that have prophylactic or therapeutic potentials on the disease. Epidemiological data were obtained from various health authorities worldwide and articles (totaling 103) published in standard journals from 2002-2020 on medicinal plants used in treating the disease and similar diseases....
March 2021
Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology
Physicochemical and bacteriological analysis of the quality of sachet water and their source point (spring box) consumed in Bo city, Sierra Leone
This study was conducted to assess the physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters of five- brand of sachet water, and their source point consumed in Bo city, southern Sierra Leone. The physical parameters include: pH, temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solid, and conductivity; chemical parameters include: Residual Chlorine, Magnesium, Potassium, Nitrite, Ammonia; and bacteriological parameters include:...
March 2021
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm activities of Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen, an endangered species from Burkina Faso
The emergence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious challenge to the global health system. The QS inhibition is one of the approaches to fight against antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Securidaca longepedunculata is a medicinal plant that roots are the only organ used against microbial diseases. This species is threatened with extinction due to the massive use of its roots in phytotherapy. In this study,...
March 2021
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Metribuzin and 2,4-D as potential herbicides for weed management in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench]
Grain sorghum demand for industrial and domestic uses has triggered increased production of sorghum. Field experiment was conducted at Egerton University Njoro, Kenya to determine the most effective herbicide(s) for weed management in sorghum. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with nine treatments replicated three times. The treatments consisted of four pre-emergence herbicides...
Page 1 of 1211, showing 50 records out of 60524 total, starting on record 1, ending on 50
