Articles
Page 4 of 1169, showing 50 records out of 58450 total, starting on record 151, ending on 200
August 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Socio-economics characterization of agricultural farming system in Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia: Case of AGP-II districts participatory rural appraisal (PRA) model
This paper presents the farming system dynamics in Agricultural Growth Project II and applied a PRA model. The objective was to characterize the farming systems of AGP-II districts and identify production constraints. We investigate how historical trends have influenced the farming system, using data from desk review surveys, semi-structured interviews, focus-group discussions; key informant discussions and...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
The urothelium enhancive polarization in CfTX-1 peptide intervened toad urinary bladder
Toad urothelium barrier is the model to mimic and investigate urothelium permeability. Thiazide blocked ionic transportation in polarized membrane state. Jellyfish venom causes pores to be adjusted to urothelium permeability which improved polarization. This study aimed at CfTX-1 peptide in urothelium permeability evoked polarizations. Thiazide pretreated toad urothelium permeability to ions were investigated in...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Effects of salt stress on antioxidant system activity and peroxidation damage in root tip cells of strawberry
In this study, strawberry seedlings were treated with 250 mmol·L-1 NaCl solution; then the O2- production rate, the content of H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), electrolyte leakage (EL), the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in the root tip cells were determined to be used for analysis after salt stress. The results revealed that the O2-...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Effect of explant source and different hormonal combinations on in vitro regeneration of Heracleum candicans Wall: An important medicinal herb
In vitro regeneration of plants is influenced to a great extent by genotype, the type of explant used, media composition and plant growth regulators. This research was devised to study the effect of explant source and different hormonal combinations on the in vitro regeneration of Heracleum candicans. Two different explants viz; leaf and petiole were used to investigate their morphogenic response on MS medium...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Anti-Xanthomonas activity of Antarctic fungi crude extracts
Agriculture suffers considerable losses in its production caused by plant diseases. In the citrus culture some problems were associated with citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. That same way, sugarcane plantations are impaired to leaf scald disease caused by Xanthomonas albilineans. One of the measures used to contain citrus canker is the spray of cupric bactericides; however for scalding leaves...
August 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Evaluation of proximate content and vitamin profile of Moringa oleifera seed hull
Moringa plant is a plant with increase awareness of its health and nutritional benefits in Nigeria. This study was conducted to examine the nutrient composition of underutilized hull of Moringa oleifera seed. Proximate composition, antinutrients, minerals and vitamins profile of the hull were determined using standard analytical methods. The hull contained crude protein 5.25±0.011%, crude fibre...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
The trade of the cattle fair in alagoas’ agreste:a description of this step of the comercialization process
This paper presents a descriptive study about the economic activity in cattle fairs from Alagoas’ countryside, Brazil, through visits in loco, application of questionnaires and secondary data obtained from Adeal in the two main fairs on Alagoas’ countryside, Brazil. The objective was to study the quantity of animals in the events, identifying the marketing channel and its segments, the negotiation volume and...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Transpiration, water extraction, and root distribution of Tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) plant under different micro-sprinkler placements
Measurements of transpiration in cultivated plants are of utmost importance, especially in semi-arid regions where there is low water availability with this, the present work aimed to determine daily transpiration, root distribution, and soil water extraction of ‘Tahiti’ lime plant under different micro-sprinkler placements in semi-arid conditions of northern Minas Gerais state. We assessed soil water...
August 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Identification of rice genotypes tolerant to submergence at seedling stage in Uganda
Floods have destroyed over 2000 acres of rice in Uganda which affected yield and caused losses to farmers. This problem is more pronounced when fields are not well leveled, and the mode of irrigation is by surface flooding. Majority of lowland rice fields in East African region are of this nature and are thus prone to yield losses. There are no submergence tolerance varieties identified in Uganda, so far. To address...
August 2019
International Journal of Physical Sciences
Integrated geophysical approach for imaging sedimentary outcrop at Northwestern
Peninsular Malaysia
An outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth. In recent years, outcrop studies have become very important to understand the geology of the earth. The lack of studies on outcrops depends on the interpretations and observations at the surface of the earth only. Besides that, lack of specific physical value for the type of materials can cause misinterpretation of...
August 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa
Hepatitis B is the world’s most common serious liver infection caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Rate of vertical transmission is very high from infected mother to baby and has adverse effect on both. A cross-sectional study involving a total of 384 pregnant women attending Gandhi Memorial Hospital in Addis Ababa from April to June 2017 was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HBV among...
August 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
DPPH radical scavenging activity of extracts from Rhamnus prinoides
Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves and stem-bark of Rhamnus prinoides were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The leaves extracts showed scavenging activity ranging from 03.33±0.89 to 55.03±3.40 µg mL-1 while the stem-bark extracts showed relatively strong scavenging activity ranging from 03.65±1.02 to 59.55±2.27...
August 2019
Journal of Horticulture and Forestry
Integrated effect of nitrogen and vermicompost levels on yield and yield components of carrot (Daucus carota L.) at Woreta, Northwestern Ethiopia
The N fertilizer or organic resources alone may not provide sufficient amounts or may be unsuitable for improving specific constraints to crop production. In view of this, a field trial was conducted at Woreta ATVET College horticultural farm, Ethiopia to determine integrated effect of nitrogen and vermicompost levels on yield and yield components of carrot, nantes type, during 2017 main rainy season. Nine treatments...
August 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Evaluation of varying levels of Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal on growth, hematological parameters and as anticoccidial
Among the currently available poultry feed additives, natural herbs and plants have been widely advocated due to their reported widespread beneficial effects. Vernonia amygdalina is one of such potential feed supplements which have recently been reported as having a wide range of beneficial effects on production performance. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of varying levels of V. amygdalina leaf meal on...
August 2019
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
The effect of blending of extracts of Sudanese Adansonia digitata and Tamarindus indica on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities
Adansonia digitata (Bombacaceae) and Tamarindus indica (Fabaceae) are the most popular herbal products in Sudan; they are used as food ingredients and in traditional treatments of various diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate phytochemical contents, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of plants fruit, leaf and bark ethanolic extracts. The phytochemical screening of different extracts...
August 2019
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides isolated from plants used as antimalarial in Mali
Medicinal plants used against malaria in Mali have previously been tested for their antiplasmodial activities using their organic solvent and water extracts. As the healers mainly use the water extracts for their treatments of malaria-patients, our aim was to study the water-soluble components from Malian plants used for treatment of malaria. Argemone mexicana (aerial parts), Sarcocephalus latifolius (root bark), Vitex...
August 2019
Journal of Cereals and Oilseeds
Biomass accumulation and yield expression among winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L. DC) accessions
Winged bean accessions were screened to evaluate biomass yield potential. The experiments, carried out during 2015 and 2016 to test nineteen accessions were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. Data collected on number of days to 50% flowering (DTF), number of days to 50% pod (DTP), total number of pods (TNP) per plant fresh (FSW) and dry shoot weight (DSW), dry pod weight (DPW),...
August 2019
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Challenges and opportunities for implementation of Integrated Water Resource Management in Omo-Gibe Basin, Ethiopia
Water is an essential element for the environment, food security and sustainable development. However, uncoordinated and competitive use of the resource can lead water to face the “tragedy of the commons”. Fragmented effects done so far in watershed management did not bring significant changes. Integrated water resource management is the ideal solution for sustainable development of the basins. This paper is...
August 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Proximate, mineral and phytochemical compositions of Vernonia amygdalina leaves grown under hot and humid tropical conditions
This study was conducted to determine the proximate and phytochemical compositions of Vernonia amygdalina leaves, to ascertain its nutritional potentials. V. amygdalina plants were cultivated, and the leaves were harvested at maturity, cleaned and apportioned into two; one portion was oven dried whilst the other was air-dried- all to a moisture content of about 15%. The dried samples were pulverized and used for...
August 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Prevalence of urinary tract infection and antibiotic resistance pattern in pregnant women, Najran region, Saudi Arabia
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infectious disease in pregnancy, and in pregnancy we have very limited number of antibiotics to treat the UTI. This study was conducted on 151 patients who attended the gynecology clinic during the study period. Nineteen UTI proven cases of UTI were studied for prevalence of microorganism and sensitivity pattern against different antibiotics. Among the bacteria...
August 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Detection of multidrug-resistant enterobacteria simultaneously producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases of the PER and GES types isolated at Saint Camille Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Resistance to a wide variety of common antibiotics is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. These produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among Gram-negative bacilli. The purpose of...
August 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Family engagement: A model for improved health outcomes in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico has been undergoing economic and health crises, which were exacerbated by damages from hurricane Maria in 2017. Family is central to the Latino culture, in which it is commonly referred to as familismo. The term implies strong family ties and engagement in all aspects of Puerto Rican life. This study examined how it could be harnessed as a powerful tool to improve health outcomes in that context. The...
August 2019
International Journal of Physical Sciences
Seasonal analyses of solar radiation on flat ground for different stat of sky: Case of Nouakchott, Mauritania
This paper proposes a method to evaluate the available solar energy according to different types of sky (clear sky, moderately covered sky and covered sky). Four semi-empirical models for the estimation of solar radiation (Link Cloudiness Factor (LCF), Perrin-Brichambaut (PB), Ghouard (GD), Bird Hulstrom (BH)) have been used to predict the solar radiation according to the sky conditions. An analysis of the influence of...
August 2019
Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology
Prevalence of malaria and the associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health institutions of Damot Woyide district, Southern Ethiopia
Malaria during pregnancy is a cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and their fetuses eventually the newborns and infants. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of malaria among pregnant women that attend antenatal clinics in health institutions found in Damote Woyide district. A health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. Socio-demographic data were...
August 2019
Journal of Petroleum and Gas Engineering
Probabilistic approach for shale volume estimation in Bornu Basin of Nigeria
The gamma ray log has over the years provided the conventional means for shale volume (Vsh) estimation. Knowledge of Vsh is used in the prediction of petrophysical parameters like effective porosity and water saturation, which are the input parameters for the calculation of oil in place. Currently, many studies have been conducted on the Bornu Basin of Nigeria, to access its hydrocarbon potential. Unfortunately, the...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Farmers’ perception of the parasitic weed Alectra vogelii Benth. and their cowpea varietal preferences in Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso was the third largest cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] producing country in West Africa in 2017. Cowpea is the fourth leading staple grain legume crop produced in the country. However, its production is hampered by several constraints, among which parasitic weeds are some of the most devastating. Alectra vogelii Benth. and Striga gesnerioides Wild Vatke are the main parasitic weeds in cowpea production...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Impact of tsetse and trypanosomiasis control on poverty: A case of Pate Island of Lamu County, Kenya
The livestock rearing households of Pate Island in Lamu County of the Northern Coast of Kenya had been participating in the control of tsetse flies and trypanosomiasis. The objective of this study was to estimate the change in household wealth index resulting from tsetse and trypanosomiasis control. The study was conducted on 254 project households and 282 non-project households in the County. Using structured...
August 2019
Journal of Clinical Medicine and Research
Choice of contraceptives and determinants influencing utilization among women: The case of Muk-Lami town, western Wollega zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
This study was conducted in Muk-Lami town located at 498 km from Addis Ababa and 54 km far from the Western Wollega zonal city, Ghimbi. The study was concerned with reproductive health and contraception where females in the study area have less exposure to contraceptives, choice and proper utilization of methods. This study attempted to investigate major determinants of contraceptive choice, use and side effects on...
August 2019
Journal of Infectious Diseases and Immunity
Hepatitis B vaccination and its associated factors among health care workers working in Wolayita Sodo Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Hepatitis B is the principal public health problem among diverse segments of inhabitants. However, attention is not given on its prevention strategy, especially among health care workers. Hence, the intention of this study was to assess hepatitis B virus vaccination status and associated factors among health care workers working in Wolayita Sodo hospitals, Southern Ethiopia. An institution based cross-sectional study...
August 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Evaluation of cytotoxic activity of triterpenes from Clusia studartiana
Family Clusiaceae is spread throughout tropical as well as temperate zones, presenting many triterpenes, reported as selective antitumoral agents. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify triterpenes from Clusia studartiana C. M. Vieira & Gomes da Silva and evaluate their cytotoxicity in melanoma (SKMEL 28) and myeloid leukemia (K562) cell lines. Thus, the hexanic extract was processed by phytochemical...
August 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Modulatory effects of Momordica balsamina on Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in immune-challenged rats
There is an ever-growing interest to identify plants that boost the immune system functions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of Momordica balsamina (MB) leaves extract in BCG-immunized rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6). MB extract was suspended in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Firstly, animals were challenged subcutaneously with...
August 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
Comparative study of proximate, mineral and phytochemical analysis of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa oleifera
The aim of this study is to make a comparative analysis of the proximate, mineral and phytochemical compositions of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina and Moringa Oleifera plants found within our vicinity in Nigeria. The analyses were investigated in accordance with standard procedures and compared. Of the 3 plants, M. oleifera had highest (P<0.05) crude fat, crude protein and total ash but lowest...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Prospects and challenges of agro-industry in Bangladesh: An agripreneur view
Agriculture sector plays an important role in overall economic development of Bangladesh. A plurality of Bangladeshis earns their living from agriculture. Agriculture is the largest employment sector in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is a fertile agrarian country where agriculture and its related branches have been acting as the main livelihood of major portion of citizen since independence. Agro-industry is playing...
August 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Anti-dermatophytic activity of hexane extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
Dermatophytes cause superficial fungal infections that pose public health problem to man and animals. Long term treatment with antifungal agents is required to control these infections. Various parts of Azadirachta indica are claimed to have significant medicinal value in treatment of infections especially ringworm. To determine the antifungal activity of the oil and fractions against dermatophytes isolated from...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Studies on the sod culture and the management of soil moisture for the improvement of waxapple quality
In Taiwan, Kaohsiung and Pingtung districts are the main cultivating areas of waxapple in Taiwan. The quality of waxapple is commonly involved in appropriate fertilization. Therefore, the demonstration orchards were established in Kaohsiung and Pingtung districts. This research was conducted to the effects of sod culture and management of soil moisture on the improvement of waxapple quality. The results showed that soil...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Morphological and molecular characterization of Jatropha curcas L. germplasm in Botswana
Jatropha curcas L. is an undomesticated plant species that has recently received great attention for its utilization in biofuel production in many countries including Botswana. The experiment investigated 30 J. curcas accessions, and the results revealed high significant differences (P<0.01) among accessions for peduncle length, number of seed per fruit, length of fruit stalk, fruit length, fruit width, seed length,...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Chemical composition of Urochloa brizantha depending on the seasons and cutting frequencies
The aim of this research was to assess the chemical composition of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Piatã variety and to determine which cutting frequency is the most suitable for autumn, winter and spring. The experimental design adopted was the completely randomized in factorial scheme with plots subdivided in time. Each plot consisted of four cutting frequencies (21, 28, 35 and 42 days between cuts) and sub plots were...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Antioxidants enhance banana embryogenic cell competence to Agrobacterium mediated transformation
Gene transfer into the plant cell is a key step towards its successful genetic modification and its efficiency is heavily dependent on plant and bacterial cell biological status and a wide array of physical conditions. Gene transfer efficiencies in East African Highland Banana (EAHB) cell lines remains low compared to other monocotyledonous crops like rice and wheat due to factors such as high oxidative stress. The use...
August 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Optimisation of biological wastewater treatment for yeast processing effluent using cultured bacteria: Application of response surface methodology
In the present study, the interactive effects of temperature and cultured bacteria on the performance of a biological treatment system of wastewater from a local yeast producing plant were investigated. The main objective of this study was to optimize the operating parameters that reduce organic load and colour. Biological treatment was conducted using a Central Composite Design (CCD) and optimised using Response...
August 2019
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Determination of chlorogenic acid content in beans and leaves of coffea arabica using UV/Vis spectrometer
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is one of the compounds found in coffee beans and other parts of coffee plant. However, its relative content in different coffee plant parts is least researched. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the contents of CGA in coffee leaves and beans. Green coffee beans and leaves were collected from South part of Ethiopia to study the content of CGA using UV/Vis spectrometer with...
August 2019
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Adsorption of chromium by brewers spent grain -g- poly (acrylic acid-co-acryl amide) from
electroplating effluent
Toxic metal ions have lethal effects on all forms of life and these metal ions could enter the food chain when untreated waste effluents are discharged into the environment. In recent years, the use of low-cost adsorbent materials has been widely investigated in search of replacement for the costly methods that are currently used for removing these toxic metal ions from waste streams. In this study, the remediation of...
August 2019
International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery
Knowledge and practice of married men towards safe motherhood in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria
Men are the major decision makers in the home; thus, this study was designed to assess the knowledge and practice of married men towards safe motherhood in Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was adopted using a multi-stage and proportionate sampling technique to recruit three hundred and ten married men. A semi-structured questionnaire used to solicit...
August 2019
Journal of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health
Comparison of fluorescence polarization assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, a disease that affects cattle and causes economic losses to the animal husbandry industry. Its opportune diagnosis, in herds, is part of the control measures of the disease; therefore, the objective of this work was to compare paratuberculosis detection of infected bovines with the Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA)...
August 2019
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Characterization and agricultural potentials of some pedons derived from sand stone parent rock near Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria
Successful crop production requires the knowledge of soil variation and the evaluation of the agricultural potentials of the land. Detailed land resource survey of approximately 100 ha land in Abeokuta North Local Government Area of Ogun State was carried out. Identified soil mapping units were examined in modal profiles. The soils were classified using the USDA Soil Taxonomy, FAO/IUSS World Reference Base (WRB) system...
August 2019
African Journal of Cellular Pathology
A comparative study of cultural and molecular techniques for the identification of bacterial contaminants of cockroaches (Periplaneta americana)
The increasing trends of insect associated bacterial infection in humans are severely hampered by disparaging number of bacteria obtained with the culture-based technique. This study therefore determined how the analysis of the 16S rDNA sequences would compare in terms of precision and reliability to the most adoptable culture-based technique. Results obtained depict enhanced accuracy of molecular technique over...
August 2019
Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development
Role of farmers’ organizations to agricultural development in Mezam Division, Cameroon
This study was carried out from January 2018 to March 2019 in Mezam Division of the North West Region of Cameroon on the role of farmers’ organizations to agricultural development, particularly the case of the Program for the Improvement of Competiveness of Family Agro-pastoral Farms and the North West Farmers’ Organization (NOWEFOR). The objective of the study was to analyze the role of farmers...
August 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Sciatica: Medical treatment or Physiotherapy?
Low back pain is usually self-limiting. It has a sizeable impact on patients, and is associated with high healthcare and societal costs as much as $16 billion each year. Patients are commonly treated in primary care but a small proportion is referred to secondary care and may eventually have surgery. There are numerous treatment approaches for sciatica. Many people receive only medical treatment and are unaware of the...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Preparation and physicochemical characteristics of cross-linked resistant starch under heat-moisture treatment
Sweet potato starch was subjected to cross-linking to achieve high content of resistant starch (RS) under heat-moisture treatment and the physicochemical properties of cross-linked sweet potato starches were investigated. The cross-linking agent was sodium trimetaphosphate and sodium tripolyphosphate (STMP/STPP). A maximum RS content (72.45%) was obtained after 10% STMP/STPP (99/1% w/w) at 120°C and pH 11.5...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Comparative study of fatty acid composition and nervonic acid contents of four tropicals plants: Ricinodendron heudelotii, Cyperus esculentus, Citrullus colocynthis and Irvingia gabonensis from Côte d’Ivoire
This work was carried out to compare the potential applications of Ricinodendron heudelotii, Cyperus esculentus, Citrullus colocynthis and Irvingia gabonensis oil seeds by investigating their physicochemical parameters. Physicochemical parameters of the extracted oils were respectively as follow: Refractive index (1.49; 1.46; 1.45 and 1.44), acid value (1.35±0.02; 1.87 ± 0.45; 13.85 ± 0.02...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Quantifying the response of different maturity groups of maize (Zea mays L.) supplementary irrigation in the Sudan Savannah of Nigeria
Field trials were conducted during the 2014 rainy season under rainfed and supplementary irrigation conditions to study the response of different maturity groups of maize to supplementary irrigation in the Sudan savannah. The treatments consisted of three early (2009 EVDT, 1999 EVDT and TZECOMP5W), one late (TZL COMP1SYN), one intermediate (IWDC2SYN) and one extra early (2009 TZEE) maturing maize varieties which were...
Page 4 of 1169, showing 50 records out of 58450 total, starting on record 151, ending on 200
