Articles
Page 8 of 1174, showing 50 records out of 58685 total, starting on record 351, ending on 400
September 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Region of acquisition of urinary tract infection (UTI) may be an important parameter while treating UTI cases
The study recently published on urinary tract infection (UTI) cases at Najran University Hospital, Najran region of Saudi Arabia (Alshabi et al., 2019), though small, only on 19 cases, have been concluded beautifully, “regional clinical data regarding the prevalence and efficacy of antibiotics should be taken into consideration along with the treatment guidelines”. The authors reported a study on only 19...
September 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Chemical compositions of the essential oils of Plukenetia conophora leaves
Plukenetia conophora fresh leaves were obtained from a farm in the Surulere Local Government Area of Oyo State, Nigeria. The plant is a climber which normally found support in kola nut or cocoa tree. Standard method was used for the extraction of the oil. The oil was analyzed using gas chromatographic and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometric methods. Fifteen compounds were identified in the leaves. The...
September 2019
Scientific Research and Essays
Structural plasticity and species distribution in a peri-urban mangrove of Southeastern Brazil
The goal of this study was to evaluate the structural plasticity and distribution of mangrove species in the Estuarine System of Greater Vitória (ESGV). Four areas distributed along the estuary were analyzed. Fringe and basin forests were sampled in each station. Concomitantly to the forest sampling, interstitial salinity was measured in the field, and sediment was collected for analysis of organic matter (OM)...
September 2019
Educational Research and Reviews
The opinions of participants’ about Grundtvig workshops on history and culture
Grundtvig programme are activities aimed at providing adults with ways to improve their knowledge and skills. This study examined the opinions of adults who participated in four workshops on history and culture organized throughout Europe between 2009 and 2014 under the Grundtvig Adult Education Programme and Lifelong Learning Programme of the EU. The aim of the study was to analyze the opinions of adults from different...
September 2019
Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research
Evaluation of morphometric and physiological seed quality traits of improved cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) varieties in Sierra Leone
A study was conducted at the Seed Laboratory of the Njala Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) to evaluate the seed quality traits of five cowpea genotypes at room temperature (25 ± 2°C). The five genotypes studied were Slipeas 1, 2, 4 and 5 and local Tabe. The trial was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in four replicates. The results indicated that the local variety (Tabe) had the highest...
September 2019
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Impacts of soil and water conservation on crop yield, soil properties, water resources, and carbon sequestration: A review
This paper reviews the impact of soil and water conservation (SWC) measures on crop yield, soil properties, water resources and carbon sequestration. Land degradation due to soil erosion in Ethiopia is too severe which affects the livelihood of a community and ecosystem functions. The dry and highland part of the country was identified as seriously vulnerable to land degradation because of soil erosion. And, soil...
September 2019
Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management
Soil characterization and evaluation of blended (YaraMila cereal) fertilizer for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production at Aleltu areas in North Shewa Zone of Oromia region
The main objective of the study was to characterize the soils on the basis of selected soil physicochemical properties and to evaluate the effects of blended fertilizer (YaraMila cereal) applications on yield and yield components of bread wheat on the major soil types in the study area. The field experiment involved 5 treatments (control, three rates of blended fertilizer and recommended nitrogen and phosphorus...
September 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Impact of soil and water conservation technology adoption on smallholder farms in
South-Western Uganda
For countries where the agricultural sector supports a majority of the population as in Uganda, the link between poverty and land degradation is of great significance. Soil and water conservation technologies are a recommended means of reducing degradation rates. However, ex-ante and ex-post analyses of the impact of these technologies remain few. Using survey data collected from 338 randomly selected households in the...
September 2019
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences
Effect of lead on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and male reproductive hormones
Environmental exposure to heavy metals such as lead is detrimental to male reproductive system. Lead induced oxidative stress is believed to contribute immensely to male infertility. The study was designed to investigate the influence of environmental lead exposure on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and male reproductive hormones levels in male individuals of Bagega and Kawaye villages of Anka Local Government...
September 2019
Journal of Engineering and Computer Innovations
Notice of Retraction: RodentSQL: A software suite for colony management of animal protocols
The editors of the Journal of Engineering and Computer Innovations (JECI) are retracting the article, “RodentSQL: A software suite for colony management of animal protocols” published in 2018 (Vol. 5(1), pp. 1-5, August 2018). This is informed by the authors’ requests due to funding issues.
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
A view of road transport in Africa
Transport sector is usually divided into four main modes: road, air, maritime and rail modes. In sub-Sahara Africa, road appears as the dominant mode. Railways were developed during the colonial period but almost abandoned since the independence in most countries. Air transport once seen as sign of economic prosperity and instrument of sovereignty is far from being competitive. Maritime transport is mainly on coastal...
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Assessment of radiological risk from the soils of artisanal mining areas of Anka, North West Nigeria
Assessment of radiological risk was carried out on twenty soil samples collected from agricultural, mining and mine processing areas in Anka, Zamfara State, North Western Nigeria. The measurement of activity concentration of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K was performed using the gamma-ray spectrometer equipped with a high purity germanium detector. The values of the activity concentration of 226Ra ranged from 24.69±4.26 to...
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Exergy consumption analysis of the transportation sector of Senegal
Exergy analysis has become widely recognized and adopted as a powerful tool for physical and engineering systems analysis. In this paper, it was applied to transportation modes. Transport is second after the residential sector in Senegal when it comes to energy consumption and relies on imported fossil fuels. In 2013, it consumed around 32 PJ which represented 30% of total energy consumed in the country. Exergy use...
August 2019
African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology
Effect of seed pre-treatment and its duration on germination of Detarium microcarpum (Guill. and Perr.)
Detarium microcarpum Guill and Perr is a multipurpose tree species indigenous to semi-arid regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. It is being exploited to local extinction due to high dependence for fuelwood and other uses. The present study explored different pre-treatment methods for enhancing seed germination and growth of D. microcarpum in the Guinea savanna zone of Ghana. The experiment employed a 4 × 4...
August 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Antioxidant and cicatrizing activity of the species Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby &
J. W. Grimes
In equine clinics, skin injuries are some of the most frequently treated injuries, this research evaluated the healing potential and antioxidant activity of Abarema cochliacarpos in order to develop a pharmaceutical formulation for treating skin lesions in horses. Firstly, the antioxidant activity of several fractions was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical method and the thiobarbituric acid test....
August 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Acute toxicity evaluation of ethanolic extract of the air parts of Sida rhombifolia L., in wistar rats
Sida rhombifolia L., popularly known in Brazil as "SIDA" or "mata-pasto", is considered a weed; a plant of the American continent and widely distributed in North Africa, belongs to the Malvaceae family. In Brazil, S. rhombifolia L. is scattered throughout the national territory, infesting agricultural crops. Certain species of the genus Sida, including S. rhombifolia, are widely used in Indian,...
August 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Correlation and path analysis of yield, yield contributing and malt quality traits of Ethiopian sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes
Sorghum is a drought tolerant C4 tropical crop with wide diversity grown for food, feed and beverages. There is a growing demand for food and malt type sorghum varieties due to the low supply of mat barley, and climate resilient and gluten free nature of the crop. This study was initiated to estimate the associations among traits and the relative importance of traits in influencing grain yield and malting quality of...
August 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Evaluation of sowing date and fertilization with nitrogen in maize cultivars in rainy conditions in Zambia
A study was conducted at the Zambia Agriculture Research Institute (ZARI), Central Research Station, Mount Makulu (latitude: 15.550° S, longitude: 28.250° E, altitude: 1213 m), Zambia to investigate the effects of sowing date (SD), maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars and 3 N fertilizer rates on yield and yield components. Maize cultivars were planted on 12th December, 2016 (SD1), 26th December, 2016 (SD2) and 9th...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Determination of the genus Meloidogyne species and study of their impact on the market gardening in the area of Bamako, Mali
The development of market gardening is faced with many problems among which there are the nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. The aim of this study is twofold: (a) determining the Meloidogyne species that are crowned by the perineal plates of female and (b) studying the impact of the multiplication of these nematodes on the tomato cv Roma (Lycopersicon esculentum L). Root samples were collected at five sites around...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Genetic diversity of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties grown in Daloa district in Central-Western Côte d'Ivoire
Cassava is an important staple food in Côte d'Ivoire produced in several areas including the Daloa district in Central-Western Region. However, this plant experiences biotic and abiotic constraints that strongly limit its productivity. Proper knowledge of genetic diversity is important to mitigate these constraints and select resistant and well adapted genotypes to increase the productivity. This study...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Parent-offspring regression, correlation and genetic advance of drought and yield traits at early generation in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
A study was carried out to estimate the parent-offspring regression and correlation and, to determine genetic advance of yield and drought related traits of groundnut at early segregating populations. All the experiments were conducted in the dry season 2015/2016 at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics ICRISAT Samanko, Mali under full irrigation and drought stress conditions. The data...
August 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Moisture-dependent physical properties of Opeaburoo and Abontem maize varieties during drying
This study specifically seeks to find out the changes in moisture content (MC) on two maize varieties (Opeaburoo and Abontem) in relation to designated physical attributes during drying. Four designated MC within a range of 22.3 to 12.8% wb for Opeaburoo and 21.5 to 12.3% wb for Abontem were used. The mean length, width and thickness dimensions reduced from 12.67 to 12.54 mm, 9.19 to 9.12 mm, and 4.58 to 4.51 mm,...
August 2019
African Journal of Food Science
Oil yields for Allanblackia parviflora (tallow tree) in Ghana: the effects of oil extraction methods, tree morphology and environmental characteristics
This study provided understanding of the oil yields from Allanblackia parviflora fruits in Ghana. The study sought patterns of variations in oil yield between 157 trees, 16 communities and 3 ecological zones. Ecological zone and soil properties were considered as surrogates for growing conditions associated with tree and fruit morphology. Kernel and seed oil yields were determined using the manual screw press ranged...
August 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Efficacy of transurethral resection of prostate in patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia with lower urinary tract symptoms
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has been the prime procedure for decenniums to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), but is mainly predicated on historic data that lacks utilization of validated measures. It is noteworthy that TURP done nowadays significantly differs from that performed 30 years ago. Men who had undergone TURP between 2013 and 2018 were reviewed. 50 patients presented in the...
August 2019
African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Antibacterial activities of three medicinal plant extracts and their synergistic effect on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from burn wounds
This study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial activities of three medicinal plant extracts and their synergistic effect on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from burn wounds. A total of 50 swab samples of burn wounds were collected from burn wound patients attending Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki and screened for S. aureus using standard microbiological techniques. Three plant materials (Cucurbita pepo...
August 2019
African Journal of Plant Science
Response of chickpea varieties and sowing dates for the management of chickpea ascochyta blight (Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Disease at West Belesa District, Ethiopia
A two year experiment was conducted at Ascochyta rabiei sick plot infested West Belesa District to evaluate potential chickpea varieties and sowing date for the management of Ascochyta blight. Five varieties namely, Dhera, Habru, Ejeri, Chefe, Teje; and three sowing dates at 10-day intervals (15th July (early), 25th July (optimum) and 5th August (late) were used as treatments. Treatments were arranged in split plot...
August 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Market channel options for smallholders in dual markets: A case of organic pineapple farmers
in Uganda
Following institutionalisation of certified organic agriculture in Uganda in 2002, more farmers have adopted organic pineapple farming to boost their economic livelihoods. However, farmers have continued to engage in the less profitable conventional market due to organic market’s limited capacity to absorb all their produce. This study seeks to examine organic pineapple farmers’ market choices, improve the...
August 2019
Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics
Socio-economics characterization of agricultural farming system in Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia: Case of AGP-II districts participatory rural appraisal (PRA) model
This paper presents the farming system dynamics in Agricultural Growth Project II and applied a PRA model. The objective was to characterize the farming systems of AGP-II districts and identify production constraints. We investigate how historical trends have influenced the farming system, using data from desk review surveys, semi-structured interviews, focus-group discussions; key informant discussions and...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
The urothelium enhancive polarization in CfTX-1 peptide intervened toad urinary bladder
Toad urothelium barrier is the model to mimic and investigate urothelium permeability. Thiazide blocked ionic transportation in polarized membrane state. Jellyfish venom causes pores to be adjusted to urothelium permeability which improved polarization. This study aimed at CfTX-1 peptide in urothelium permeability evoked polarizations. Thiazide pretreated toad urothelium permeability to ions were investigated in...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Effects of salt stress on antioxidant system activity and peroxidation damage in root tip cells of strawberry
In this study, strawberry seedlings were treated with 250 mmol·L-1 NaCl solution; then the O2- production rate, the content of H2O2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), electrolyte leakage (EL), the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in the root tip cells were determined to be used for analysis after salt stress. The results revealed that the O2-...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Effect of explant source and different hormonal combinations on in vitro regeneration of Heracleum candicans Wall: An important medicinal herb
In vitro regeneration of plants is influenced to a great extent by genotype, the type of explant used, media composition and plant growth regulators. This research was devised to study the effect of explant source and different hormonal combinations on the in vitro regeneration of Heracleum candicans. Two different explants viz; leaf and petiole were used to investigate their morphogenic response on MS medium...
August 2019
African Journal of Biotechnology
Anti-Xanthomonas activity of Antarctic fungi crude extracts
Agriculture suffers considerable losses in its production caused by plant diseases. In the citrus culture some problems were associated with citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. That same way, sugarcane plantations are impaired to leaf scald disease caused by Xanthomonas albilineans. One of the measures used to contain citrus canker is the spray of cupric bactericides; however for scalding leaves...
August 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Evaluation of proximate content and vitamin profile of Moringa oleifera seed hull
Moringa plant is a plant with increase awareness of its health and nutritional benefits in Nigeria. This study was conducted to examine the nutrient composition of underutilized hull of Moringa oleifera seed. Proximate composition, antinutrients, minerals and vitamins profile of the hull were determined using standard analytical methods. The hull contained crude protein 5.25±0.011%, crude fibre...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
The trade of the cattle fair in alagoas’ agreste:a description of this step of the comercialization process
This paper presents a descriptive study about the economic activity in cattle fairs from Alagoas’ countryside, Brazil, through visits in loco, application of questionnaires and secondary data obtained from Adeal in the two main fairs on Alagoas’ countryside, Brazil. The objective was to study the quantity of animals in the events, identifying the marketing channel and its segments, the negotiation volume and...
August 2019
African Journal of Agricultural Research
Transpiration, water extraction, and root distribution of Tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia Tanaka) plant under different micro-sprinkler placements
Measurements of transpiration in cultivated plants are of utmost importance, especially in semi-arid regions where there is low water availability with this, the present work aimed to determine daily transpiration, root distribution, and soil water extraction of ‘Tahiti’ lime plant under different micro-sprinkler placements in semi-arid conditions of northern Minas Gerais state. We assessed soil water...
August 2019
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
Identification of rice genotypes tolerant to submergence at seedling stage in Uganda
Floods have destroyed over 2000 acres of rice in Uganda which affected yield and caused losses to farmers. This problem is more pronounced when fields are not well leveled, and the mode of irrigation is by surface flooding. Majority of lowland rice fields in East African region are of this nature and are thus prone to yield losses. There are no submergence tolerance varieties identified in Uganda, so far. To address...
August 2019
International Journal of Physical Sciences
Integrated geophysical approach for imaging sedimentary outcrop at Northwestern
Peninsular Malaysia
An outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth. In recent years, outcrop studies have become very important to understand the geology of the earth. The lack of studies on outcrops depends on the interpretations and observations at the surface of the earth only. Besides that, lack of specific physical value for the type of materials can cause misinterpretation of...
August 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa
Hepatitis B is the world’s most common serious liver infection caused by Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Rate of vertical transmission is very high from infected mother to baby and has adverse effect on both. A cross-sectional study involving a total of 384 pregnant women attending Gandhi Memorial Hospital in Addis Ababa from April to June 2017 was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of HBV among...
August 2019
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research
DPPH radical scavenging activity of extracts from Rhamnus prinoides
Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts from leaves and stem-bark of Rhamnus prinoides were evaluated for their antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging assay. The leaves extracts showed scavenging activity ranging from 03.33±0.89 to 55.03±3.40 µg mL-1 while the stem-bark extracts showed relatively strong scavenging activity ranging from 03.65±1.02 to 59.55±2.27...
August 2019
International Journal of Livestock Production
Evaluation of varying levels of Vernonia amygdalina leaf meal on growth, hematological parameters and as anticoccidial
Among the currently available poultry feed additives, natural herbs and plants have been widely advocated due to their reported widespread beneficial effects. Vernonia amygdalina is one of such potential feed supplements which have recently been reported as having a wide range of beneficial effects on production performance. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of varying levels of V. amygdalina leaf meal on...
August 2019
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
The effect of blending of extracts of Sudanese Adansonia digitata and Tamarindus indica on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities
Adansonia digitata (Bombacaceae) and Tamarindus indica (Fabaceae) are the most popular herbal products in Sudan; they are used as food ingredients and in traditional treatments of various diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate phytochemical contents, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of plants fruit, leaf and bark ethanolic extracts. The phytochemical screening of different extracts...
August 2019
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy
Immunomodulatory activities of polysaccharides isolated from plants used as antimalarial in Mali
Medicinal plants used against malaria in Mali have previously been tested for their antiplasmodial activities using their organic solvent and water extracts. As the healers mainly use the water extracts for their treatments of malaria-patients, our aim was to study the water-soluble components from Malian plants used for treatment of malaria. Argemone mexicana (aerial parts), Sarcocephalus latifolius (root bark), Vitex...
August 2019
Journal of Cereals and Oilseeds
Biomass accumulation and yield expression among winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L. DC) accessions
Winged bean accessions were screened to evaluate biomass yield potential. The experiments, carried out during 2015 and 2016 to test nineteen accessions were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. Data collected on number of days to 50% flowering (DTF), number of days to 50% pod (DTP), total number of pods (TNP) per plant fresh (FSW) and dry shoot weight (DSW), dry pod weight (DPW),...
August 2019
Journal of Ecology and The Natural Environment
Challenges and opportunities for implementation of Integrated Water Resource Management in Omo-Gibe Basin, Ethiopia
Water is an essential element for the environment, food security and sustainable development. However, uncoordinated and competitive use of the resource can lead water to face the “tragedy of the commons”. Fragmented effects done so far in watershed management did not bring significant changes. Integrated water resource management is the ideal solution for sustainable development of the basins. This paper is...
August 2019
African Journal of Biochemistry Research
Proximate, mineral and phytochemical compositions of Vernonia amygdalina leaves grown under hot and humid tropical conditions
This study was conducted to determine the proximate and phytochemical compositions of Vernonia amygdalina leaves, to ascertain its nutritional potentials. V. amygdalina plants were cultivated, and the leaves were harvested at maturity, cleaned and apportioned into two; one portion was oven dried whilst the other was air-dried- all to a moisture content of about 15%. The dried samples were pulverized and used for...
August 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Prevalence of urinary tract infection and antibiotic resistance pattern in pregnant women, Najran region, Saudi Arabia
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is one of the commonest infectious disease in pregnancy, and in pregnancy we have very limited number of antibiotics to treat the UTI. This study was conducted on 151 patients who attended the gynecology clinic during the study period. Nineteen UTI proven cases of UTI were studied for prevalence of microorganism and sensitivity pattern against different antibiotics. Among the bacteria...
August 2019
African Journal of Microbiology Research
Detection of multidrug-resistant enterobacteria simultaneously producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases of the PER and GES types isolated at Saint Camille Hospital Center, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Resistance to a wide variety of common antibiotics is observed among clinical strains designated as extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers. These produce enzymatic proteins that effectively inactivate cephalosporins and aztreonam and are a serious global health problem that complicates treatment strategies. Many studies report a high prevalence of ESBL producers among Gram-negative bacilli. The purpose of...
August 2019
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology
Family engagement: A model for improved health outcomes in Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico has been undergoing economic and health crises, which were exacerbated by damages from hurricane Maria in 2017. Family is central to the Latino culture, in which it is commonly referred to as familismo. The term implies strong family ties and engagement in all aspects of Puerto Rican life. This study examined how it could be harnessed as a powerful tool to improve health outcomes in that context. The...
August 2019
International Journal of Physical Sciences
Seasonal analyses of solar radiation on flat ground for different stat of sky: Case of Nouakchott, Mauritania
This paper proposes a method to evaluate the available solar energy according to different types of sky (clear sky, moderately covered sky and covered sky). Four semi-empirical models for the estimation of solar radiation (Link Cloudiness Factor (LCF), Perrin-Brichambaut (PB), Ghouard (GD), Bird Hulstrom (BH)) have been used to predict the solar radiation according to the sky conditions. An analysis of the influence of...
August 2019
Journal of Parasitology and Vector Biology
Prevalence of malaria and the associated risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health institutions of Damot Woyide district, Southern Ethiopia
Malaria during pregnancy is a cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and their fetuses eventually the newborns and infants. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors of malaria among pregnant women that attend antenatal clinics in health institutions found in Damote Woyide district. A health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. Socio-demographic data were...
Page 8 of 1174, showing 50 records out of 58685 total, starting on record 351, ending on 400
