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In order to prevent a Shea seed from germination when stored, a preservation technology was adopted using white transparent polythene bags of 500mm gauge, perforated brown envelope of big size, and Black polythene bags of 500mm guage. The results revealed that the Shea seeds preserved in the white transparent polythene bags retained their viability for six months which can then be used by experienced/professional...
Water stress affects physio-morphological development of tomato grown in pots.
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Water for Agricultural purposes is increasingly becoming limited owing to global climatic change and increased demand from other uses such as household water users, industries, and the environment. Tomato is an herbaceous crop that needs an adequate amount of water for growth and yield optimization. This experiment was conducted in pots in a greenhouse to examine the effect of water stress on the growth, yield, and...
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Termites play key roles in the ecosystems functioning, especially in the recycling of organic matter. However, few are considered pests because they cause damages to crops and wooden structures. Long based on the use of synthetic pesticides, the control of pestiferous termites is now focused on environmental friendly means including the use of plant extracts. Here, powder, acetonic and ethanolic extracts of Ctenium elegans...
Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on food security in Ghana
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The relationship between hunger and poverty has become clear with the outbreak of the coronavirus. Restricted people movement and border closures used to control the spread of the virus have implications for food security. Governments are challenged with allocating their scarce resources to cover additional healthcare costs and social protection expenditures which did not exist before. The Food and Agriculture Organization...
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Cassava (Manihot esculenta) remains one of the most important and widely grown food crops in tropical region which has persistently contributed food security and economy. Cassava roots deteriorate rapidly within 40-48 hours after harvest, due to physiological factors and microbial infection. Fresh roots storage is a huge challenge, there is thus a pressing need to process tubers into some stable form as soon as they are...
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The research goal is to evaluate the rhizobia and mycorrhiza application on Cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L) cv. Carita Blanco growth. The experiments were developed at Calixto García municipality, Cuba. It was done from April to June 2020, on brown Sialitic soil without carbonate. This design was a random block with three treatments (control, Rhizobium, Rhizobium + Mycorrhizas). It entailed indicators measurement during...
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Extension training is intended to increase the efficiency and performance of the human resource that acts responsibly in a society based on a communication interaction with knowledge sources. The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of training farmers on banana production value addition among smallholder farmers in Meru and Tharaka–Nithi Counties. The study adopted a pragmatic paradigm and a...
Wage Labor in the rice cultivation areas near Lake Victoria in Western Kenya.
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Rice is now the most rapidly growing food commodity in sub-Saharan Africa. This growth is mainly driven by urbanization. There is substantial research on the wage labor dynamics in rice production in Asia, but in Africa, there is limited analysis of the labor used in rice cultivation—the attributes, numbers, and costs—which makes it difficult to understand the actual market, such as how products are procured. This study...
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The experiment was carried out to evaluate the influence of N on the agronomic characteristics of soybean crop under no-tillage system over forage sorghum intercropped with U. ruziziensis and on straw degradation. Four treatments (nitrogen doses) were used: 0; 20; 40 and 60 kg of N ha-1. N were applied at V3-V4 stage, using ammonium nitrate as the N source, containing 30% N. The experimental design was a randomized block...
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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a widely grown leguminous crop in Ghana. This study was conducted using four varieties of cowpea based on the colour of the seed coat namely; Red, Brown, Black and Cream cowpea varieties. These cowpea varieties were subjected to three different watering regimes namely normal, moderate and severe water stress regimes. These different watering regimes were used as potential screening...
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Thirty-six soil samples collected from 24 sites were used to investigate the relationships between cation-ratio concepts and sufficiency level approaches in plant nutrition. Based on threshold values, about 25.0% of the soils had calcium:magnesium (Ca:Mg)-ratio fallen outside the favorable range, despite the sufficient levels of individual elements in soils, violating the base cation ratio concept. Similarly, 63.0% of...
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Ethiopia is the homeland and center of genetic diversity of Arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L., Rubiaceae). Getting more information on genetic variability is a prerequisite for further improvement of coffee (Coffea arabica L.).A field experiment was conducted at Awada Agricultural Research Sub-Center, Ethiopia, to study the magnitude of phenotypic diversity among southern coffee (Coffea arabica L.) germplasm accessions...
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The Cypress aphid (Cinara cupressivora) is considered as one of the most important invasive pests in the world attacking Cupressaceae family. In Ethiopia it has caused over US$10 million worth of damage to Cypress plantations across the country. The recent study was done on assessment of Cypress aphid infestation and its natural enemies on cypress plantation of Jibat and Gedo district, Oromia region, Ethiopia. The general...
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The study was conducted in Adami Tulu Jidokombolcha (ATJK), Bora, Dodola, Shala and Negele-Arsi districts with objective to assess main cattle feed resources, water sources and housing systems. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to conduct survey. About 240 respondents were identified using random sampling techniques. Collected data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software version 24. Study result...
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Currently, a Eucalyptus globulus is a common smallholder plantation species in the Wogera district. The species is significantly expanding on marginal and fertile farmlands. The objective is to analyze the effects of Eucalyptus globulus woodlots plantation and their directions on selected soil physicochemical properties and yield of wheat crop. Three woodlots with similar site conditions were selected for this particular...
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Chilli in Bhutan is an indispensable cash crop, commonly consumes as vegetable. However, chilli in commercial scale is the rain-fed farming due to which farmers are not able to produce sufficient amount. Moreover, limited landholding with confine cultivation attributes less yield. Therefore, intensive farming using intercropping of chilli with beans and pruning of chilli in two raised bed techniques were assessed for...
Seed germination and morphological characterization of traditional leafy vegetables.
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Traditional leafy vegetables provide affordable sources of micronutrients to many people in Zimbabwe. They are produced by smallholder farmers with limited knowledge on the agronomic value of high-quality seed and the seed is rarely tested to determine its quality. This study was therefore conducted to evaluate the germination of seeds of three traditional leafy vegetables sourced from five different farmers and the...
Profitability Analysis of Smallholder Cocoa Production in South West Region of Cameroon
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Over the years, cocoa production in Cameroon has served as a source of employment for many smallholder farmers. However, aging trees amongst other factors is a limiting factor in the productivity of cocoa. The study compared the economic performances of different crop ages of smallholder cocoa production using primary data obtained by means of semi-structured questionnaires. Multistage random sampling was adopted to select...
Measuring the sustainability of poultry farms in the region of Biskra, case : Sidi Okba.
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Two farms in the Sidi Okba region were investigated to collect information on their structure, land use, labor and economic management of the farm.The sustainability of these farms was assessed using 37 indicators describing the agro-environmental, socio-territorial and economic scales. This study shows the influence of the production system on the parameters contributing to the estimation of the sustainability of farms....
Adoptable formula for estimating testicular volumes using ultrasound method in Red Sokoto Goat Bucks
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The purpose of this study was to determine the adoptable formula for estimating testicular volume by ultrasound in the Red Sokoto Goat (RSG) bucks. Sixteen RSG bucks comprising of eight pubertal and eight post-pubertal bucks were used for this study. With the aid of the ultrasound electronic caliper, the bucks’ testicular length, height and width were measured. These parameters were used to estimate Testicular Volumes...
Evaluation of the On-Farm Dairy Technologies in Ethiopia: A Review
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The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the major achievements of on-farm dairy technologies in Ethiopia by reviewing a variety of documents from proceedings, articles, journals, and original research papers. Following the on-station generation and evaluation of dairy technologies, on-farm participatory verification of improved dairy cattle production packages has started. Since then, there are available...
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Selection of appropriate scion rootstock combination is an important practice for increasing yield of apple (Malus domestica L. Borkh). However, the effect of rootstocks and scion on leaf nutrient content of apple varieties was not widely studied and recommended that optimize the leaf nutrient concentration which eventually leads to maximum yield and quality of apple at the study area. Therefore, field experiment was...
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The study was conducted at Yabello Pastoral and Dry land Agriculture Research Center from 2007-2018 for 12 years to evaluate the performance of Borana cattle breed and suggest appropriate husbandry practices. The mean birth weight was 22.81±0.34 kg for males and 21.02±0.36 kg for females, and the average weaning weight at 7 months was 102.07±1.26 kg for males and 93.81±1.16 kg for females. Mean yearling weight for...
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Wheat is one of the most cultivated cereals and is essential for human and animal feeding. Since it is a sensible species to the meteorologic conditions, the climate changes can alter all its cultivation areas and practices known in the present agriculture. This paper aims to make the zoning of climatic risk for agriculture for the wheat crop (Triticum spp.) and recommend the planting window for the central-southern...
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Arbuscular Mycorhizal Fungi (AMF) occur naturally in agroecosystems and interact symbiotically with crops, facilitating nutrition. This study aimed at studying the occurrence, abundance and diversity of AMF communities in the maize cropping system and their relation to soils properties in two agroecological zones in South Kivu, eastern DR Congo. Soil samples were collected from eight sites, with 4 sites in highland at...
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Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L,) is one of the most important spice and cash crop produced in Ethiopia. However, information related to potential of the midland areas of Guji zone for Coriander production is limited. This experiment was conducted in the Kiltu sorsa, Gobicha and Dole areas at three farmers’ field to evaluate the growth and yield performance of Coriander varieties and to select and recommend high yielding...
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High-quality resources are targeted by the horticultural industry for its success in performance and earnings. Toearnings. To achieve these goals, nitrogen is used, which is an essential nutrient for the growth of plants and quality crops.Nitrogen is the essential nutrient required to achieve these objectives for the quality of product and growth of plants. Investigation has been done on the impacts of the provision of ...
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Background: Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L). Moench] is one of the indigenous genetic resources of western Ethiopia. However, only a few studies were carried out to assess its genetic diversity and performance throughout the country, and specifically, no research was conducted to assess the diversity of okra genotypes from/within a regional state. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the genetic divergence of...
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Farmers can play an important role in climate change mitigation through sustainable soil management practices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in the Atwima Nwabiagya municipality of Ashanti region, Ghana, to explore farmers' knowledge and perceptions of their soils, soil fertility, applied management practices, and climate change on soil organic carbon. The interviews included topics related to farmers’ access...
Fixed mode technology support for eco boosted cultivation of Cassava for multiple benefits
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Erect long plant, stem cut planted tuber crop cassava produces flour, which on account of its low content of non carbohydrate constituents might well be called a starch, is known in world trade as tapioca flour. The production system of cassava did not receive adequate research attention to make it still higher productivity that existing low level. Many efforts have come up for revamping the productivity of crops and...
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The study was conducted in the three districts of Kafa Zone of Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region being; Chena, Gimbo and Gesha and three peasant associations (PAs) from each district. The main intention was to identify the production, processing and marketing status of beeswax. The districts were purposively selected based on their potential for honey and beeswax production and marketing. The survey data...
Profiling cassava leaf nutrients for quality and safety for human consumption in coastal Kenya
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Cassava leaves are nutritionally rich, but only moderately consumed in Coastal Kenya. Enhanced leaves’ utilization could reduce nutrients’ insecurity in this region of Kenya. Nutritional and safety information availability could popularize them. This study determined nutrients levels of the varieties Tajirika, Karembo and Kibandameno, at 3, 6, and 9 months after planting. Leaves harvested were analyzed for Moisture /...
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The objective of this review was to map dairy feed resources and milk yield in Shashemene to Dilla milkshed area. Shashemene to Dilla milkshed area include West Arsi zone, Sidama zone, Gedio Zone (includes Dilla town), Shashemene and Hawassa towns. This milkshed area is a smallholder mixed crop–livestock dairy production system that concentrates in the mid and high altitude agro-ecologies where cereals and cash crops are...
Effect of various pre-treatments for breaking the dormancy of Ricinus communis Linn.
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In the present investigation, seeds of Ricinus communis were subjected to various treatments to achieve early germination by breaking dormancy. At the end of 17th day, highest germination (82%) was achieved in the seeds subjected to mechanical injury followed by IAA treated seeds (79%). The germination percentage was 28, 48, 54, 23, 40, 17, 37, 4, 27, 38, 43, 27, 30 and 77 respectively in the seeds...
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The objective of study was identifying the marketing structure and opportunities of almond products in the Samangan and Balkh provinces. The primary data were obtained by face to face interviews with the 125 almond producers and 42 intermediaries. The collected data analyzed by using parametric and nonparametric statistical methods through SPSS 24. According to the research findings, the average age of the producers, who...
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The best phytotechnical adjustment of the plants is essential to obtain high yield levels in the cassava crop. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the agronomic and morphological characteristics of cassava genotypes submitted to five different spacings grown in two cycles under no-till system in the western region of the state of Paraná. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four...
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Effect of plant powders tested against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) infesting stored sorghum was carried out. The experiment of ten plant powders at 2 per cent tested, among them Piper nigrum 2 % per cent seed powder was significantly different from all other treatments. At four days after the treatment highest mortality was registered in Sesbania grandiflora (81.10%) which was...
Farmers knowledge on pesticide safety and pest management in the Serbia
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A survey with closed and open questions was done to assess knowledge and practice towards pesticides among farmworkers in Serbia and to evaluate the possible influence of education level, the amount of farming, and length in farming on farmers' behavior. The survey included 33 closed and open-ended questions, and meeting interview and personal visits were used for filling the questionnaire. All farmers (84) had at least...
Seed Treatments Commonly Used for Better Field Establishment of Crop Seed: Review
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Seed treatment refers to the application of certain agents, physical, chemical or biological to the seed prior to sowing in order to suppress, control or repel pathogens, insects and other pests that attack seeds, seedlings or plants. One of the advantages of seed treatment is, to break and prevent from seed dormancy.Seed dormancy and germination are strongly under the control of phytohormones and the germination responses...
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In Ethiopia, agriculture takes the leading role in the economy and the efficiency of agriculture remains essential for Ethiopia to eradicate extreme poverty. The country has registered steady increase in economic growth in recent years, but suffers from resource degradation, environmental pollution, low level of agricultural performance, and unemployment. One of the main challenges has been the use of conventional land use...
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Time of harvesting is one of the factors that influence crop yield and quality of produce from the crop. The actual time of harvesting cassava varies according to varieties. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of time of harvesting some pro-vitamin A cassava genotypes in storage root and garri yield and sensory qualities of garri produced from the cassava genotypes. The experiment was laid out in a...
Stability of Cili Padi Bara (Capsicum frutescens L.) paste containing calamansi lime during storage.
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This study evaluates the local chili bird paste stability, stored for 12 days at different temperatures (37°C and 4°C), adding calamansi lime as preservative. The paste functionality was assessed by its effect on chicken fillet as marinating paste. The paste containing calamansi lime stored at 4°C has the lowest microbial growth (5 log CFU/mL), a high DPPH-radical scavenging activity (57.4%) and low pungency index...
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In Ethiopia, the expansion of commercial poultry production is limited by inadequate supply of high performing breeds of chicken. This situation warrants the identification, introduction and evaluation of improved breeds of chicken that could adapt and perform under the current Ethiopian situation. One hundred fifty of each of Dominant Sussex, Lohmann Brown and Novo Brown breed of day-old chicks obtained from Debre Zeit...
Fairtrade Channel Choice and its Effect on Income of Coffee Farm Households in Jimma Zone.
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This article attempts to identify factors influencing Fairtrade coffee marketing channel choice and its effect on the income of coffee farmers in Jimma zone, based on primary data generated from 153 randomly sampled respondents. The probit model result indicated that members of cooperatives, literacy, access to market information, participation in training, and small-scale coffee farm enhances but remoteness from...
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The intraspecific genetic variability among entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae isolated from the Mexican pine beetle Dendroctonus mexicanus sp. was analyzed. Specimens were collected from four regions of Otinapa Durango, Mexico (geographic coordinates: -105.008333 longitude, 24.053889 latitude). Strains collected from the specimens were compared to commercial Metarhizium anisopliae (Metatron®)...
What Influences the Demand for Imported Broiler Chicken Among Low-Income Households in Ghana.
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Cheap poultry imports are detrimental to the growth of the poultry industry in Ghana since they threaten the livelihoods of about 400,000 people involved in the local poultry value chain. This study attempts to identify factors that affect the demand for imported broiler chicken among low-income households in Ghana apart from price. Both Primary and Secondary data were used for analysis. The study employed the linear...
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Enset ventricosum is a multipurpose food security crop that is widely cultivated in the south and southwestern Ethiopia. It serves as a staple food for 20 million people in Ethiopia. It plays a vital role in emergency food security, income generation, and environmental conservation. This study was carried out in Dawuro Zone by using a multi-stage sampling technique to select respondents and collect data from 152 producers,...
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Water quality is essential for the survival and growth of aquatic organisms. This study was aimed assessing the quality of Budamada reservoir for fish aquaculture production at East Badawacho district, Southern Ethiopia. The water samples from Budamada reservoir were collected from February 2019 to July 2019 following the standard laboratory techniques for the analysis of the following physico-chemical parameters:...
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The study was conducted in Bedele district, Bunno Bedele Zone of Oromia regional state from December to February aimed to assess livestock production system and available major livestock feed resource. Single-visit-multiple-subjects formal survey technique was used to collect data with the use of pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaires prepared in the local language. The collected data was managed and organized with...
Olive oil production as influenced by pruning practice and deficit irrigation
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The present study focused on the effect of two agronomic practices pruning and irrigation on water status of tree, fruit growth and olive oil quality. One level of pruning (50% of the canopy volume were removed) had been tested compared to non pruned trees and they were combined with two irrigation treatments: trees irrigated usually as irrigation treatment (I) and trees subjected to water stress during the summer period...
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