Abstract

Corn production plays a crucial role in Chad’s food security and economic stability, particularly amid climatic adversities. This study analyzes maize production zones, producer typologies, and policy impacts through surveys and interviews with 300 stakeholders. Statistical analyses (Student’s t-test, ANOVA) revealed two main production zones, which are Mayo-Kebbi Ouest (6.72 ± 2.58 ha average area) and Salamat (5.24 ± 1.82 ha). Salamat achieved higher annual yields (31.94 ± 12.75 q/ha) despite smaller areas, attributed to fertile soils and favorable rainfall compared to Mayo-Kebbi Ouest (2349.7 ± 2892.786 kg). Three producer categories were identified: small-scale (24.5%), medium-scale (66.56%), and large-scale (8.94%). Medium producers dominated, relying on family labor (66.67%), while smallholders faced labor shortages. Despite policies like the National Agricultural Policy (2011), challenges persist in land access, funding, and policy coordination. Recommendations include land tenure reforms, microcredit access, and integrated climate-resilient practices. This study provides actionable insights for policymakers to enhance maize productivity and food security in Chad.

Key words: Agricultural policies, corn, land system, development programs, Chad.