Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Adebisi-Adelani O, Oyesola OB (2013). Socio-economic factors affecting adaptation strategies Of selected horticultural farmers to climate change In Osun state, Nigeria. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 8(4):344-350. |
|
|
Adger WN (1999). Social vulnerability to climate change and extremes in coastal Vietnam. World Development 27(2):249-269. |
|
|
Akon-Yamga G, Boadu P, Obiri BD, Amoako J (2011). Agricultural Innovations for Climate Change Adaptation and Food Security in Africa: The Cases of Ghana and the Gambia: African Technology Policy Studies Network. |
|
|
Anley Y, Bogale A, Haileâ€Gabriel A (2007). Adoption decision and use intensity of soil and water conservation measures by smallholder subsistence farmers in Dedo district, Western Ethiopia. Land Degradation and Development 18(3):289-302. |
|
|
Apata TG, Samuel K, Adeola A (2009). Analysis of climate change perception and adaptation among arable food crop farmers in South Western Nigeria. Paper presented at the Contributed paper prepared for presentation at the international association of agricultural economists' 2009 Conference, Beijing, China, August 16. |
|
|
Blanco-Canqui H, Lal R (2008). Principles of Soil Conservation and Management: Springer Netherlands. |
|
|
Calzadilla A, Zhu T, Rehdanz K, Tol RS, Ringler C (2009). Economy-wide impacts of climate change on agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Ecological Economics 93:150-165. |
|
|
CGIAR-CCAFS (2012). Household Baseline Survey 2010-12. |
|
|
Challinor A, Wheeler T, Garforth C, Craufurd P, Kassam A (2007). Assessing the vulnerability of food crop systems in Africa to climate change. Climatic Change 83(3):381-399. |
|
|
Christiaensen LJ, Demery L, Paternostro S (2002). Growth, distribution and poverty in Africa: Messages from the 1990s (Vol. 614): World Bank Publications. |
|
|
Clay D, Reardon T, Kangasniemi J (1998). Sustainable intensification in the highland tropics: Rwandan farmers' investments in land conservation and soil fertility. Economic Development and Cultural Change 46(2):351-377. |
|
|
Cooper P, Dimes J, Rao K, Shapiro B, Shiferaw B, Twomlow S (2008). Coping better with current climatic variability in the rain-fed farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa: An essential first step in adapting to future climate change? Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 126(1):24-35. |
|
|
Crown WH (1998). Statistical models for the social and behavioral sciences: Multiple regression and limited-dependent variable models. Greenwood Publishing Group. |
|
|
CSTI, MoAL (2009). Increasing Community Resilience to Drought in Makueni District: the Sakai Community's Experience, Kenya. |
|
|
David M, Sutton CD (2004). Social research: The basics: Sage. London. |
|
|
Deressa TT, Hassan RM, Ringler C, Alemu T, Yesuf M (2009). Determinants of farmers' choice of adaptation methods to climate change in the Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Global Environmental Change 19(2):248-255. |
|
|
Desanker PV, Justice CO (2001). Africa and global climate change: critical issues and suggestions for further research and integrated assessment modeling. In: Inter-Research Nordbunte 23, D-21385 Oldendorf Luhe, Germany. |
|
|
Dilley M (2005). Natural disaster hotspots: a global risk analysis (Vol. 5). World Bank Publications. |
|
|
Dixon RK, Smith J, Guill S (2003). Life on the edge: vulnerability and adaptation of African ecosystems to global climate change. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 8(2):93-113. |
|
|
Driessen P, Deckers J, Spaargaren O (2001). Lecture notes on the major soils of the world. Retrieved from FAO World soil resources. Report-94. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome: |
|
|
Förch W, Kristjanson P, Thornton P, Kiplimo J (2011). Initial Sites in the CCAFS Regions: Eastern Africa, West Africa and Indo-â€Gangetic Plains. CGIAR Research Program. Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security; Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 1-71. |
|
|
Freund RJ, Wilson WJ, Sa P (2006). Regression Analysis. Elsevier Science. |
|
|
Gabrielsson S, Brogaard S, Jerneck A (2013). Living without buffers-illustrating climate vulnerability in the Lake Victoria basin. Sustainability Science 8(2):143-157. |
|
|
Haile M (2005). Weather patterns, food security and humanitarian response in sub-Saharan Africa. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360(1463):2169-2182. |
|
|
Hammill A, Matthew R, McCarter E (2008). Microfinance and climate change adaptation. IDS Bulletin 39(4):113-122. |
|
|
Harvey CA, Rakotobe ZL, Rao NS, Dave R, Razafimahatratra H, Rabarijohn RH, Haingo R, MacKinnon JL (2014). Extreme vulnerability of smallholder farmers to agricultural risks and climate change in Madagascar. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 369(1639):20130089. |
|
|
Ho R (2006). Handbook of univariate and multivariate data analysis and interpretation with SPSS: CRC Press. |
|
|
Holmberg J (2008). Natural resources in sub-Saharan Africa: Assets and vulnerabilities. Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. |
|
|
Huizingh E (2007). Applied statistics with SPSS. London: Sage. |
|
|
Ingram KT, Roncoli MC, Kirshen PH (2002). Opportunities and constraints for farmers of West Africa to use seasonal precipitation forecasts with Burkina Faso as a case study. Agricultural Systems, 74(3):331-349. |
|
|
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001). Working Group II: Impacts, Adaptation and vulnerability. |
|
|
Jama B, Zeila A (2005). Agroforestry in the drylands of eastern Africa: a call to action. World Agroforestry Centre. |
|
|
Kabubo-Mariara J, Karanja FK (2007). The economic impact of climate change on Kenyan crop agriculture: A Ricardian approach. Global and Planetary Change 57(3):319-330. |
|
|
Kambire H, Abdel-Rahman G, Bacyé B, Dembele Y (2010). Modeling of Maize Yields in the South-Sudanian Zone of Burkina Faso-West Africa. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science 7(2):195-201. |
|
|
KAPP (2017). Climate risk profile of Makueni County. Retrieved from Nairobi: |
|
|
Kisaka OM, Mucheru-Muna M, Ngetich F, Mugwe J, Mugendi D, Mairura F (2015). Seasonal Rainfall Variability and Drought Characterization: Case of Eastern Arid Region, Kenya. In W. Leal Filho, AO Esilaba, KPC Rao and G. Sridhar (Eds.), Adapting African Agriculture to Climate Change: Springer International Publishing. pp. 53-71. |
|
|
Kraska-Miller M (2013). Nonparametric Statistics for Social and Behavioral Sciences: Taylor and Francis. |
|
|
Leary N (2008). Climate Change and Vulnerability: Earthscan. |
|
|
Lin BB (2011). Resilience in agriculture through crop diversification: adaptive management for environmental change. Bioscience 61(3):183-193. |
|
|
Lund-research (2013). Multiple regression in SPSS. |
|
|
LVBC (2011). Vulnerability assessment to climate change in Lake Victoria Basin. Retrieved from Nairobi: |
|
|
Maddison DJ (2007). The perception of and adaptation to climate change in Africa. |
|
|
Mahu SA, Titiati A, Quaye W (2011). Emerging Technologies for Climate Change Adaptation: A Case Study in Dangbe East District of Ghana. Nairobi: African Technology Policy Studies Network. View |
|
|
Mathugama SC, Peiris TSG (2011). Critical Evaluation of Dry Spell Research. International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 11(6):153-160. |
|
|
Minang PA, Van NM, Freeman OE, Mbow C, De Leeuw J, Catacutan D (2015). Climate-smart landscapes: multifunctionality in practice. Nairobi: ICRAF. |
|
|
Mirza MMQ (2003). Climate change and extreme weather events: can developing countries adapt? Climate policy 3(3):233-248. |
|
|
Mongare N, Chege W (2011). Livelihoods under climate variability and change: An analysis of the adaptive capacity of rural poor to water scarcity in Kenya's drylands. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 4(4):403-410. |
|
|
Müller C (2009). Climate change impact on Sub-Saharan Africa: an overview and analysis of scenarios and models. 3:47. Deutschland. |
|
|
Mustapha A (2013). Detecting surface water quality trends using mann-kendall tests and sen's slope estimates. International journal of advanced and innovative research 1:108-114. |
|
|
Muyanga M, Jayne TS (2006). Agricultural extension in Kenya: Practice and policy lessons. Nairobi: Egerton university. Tegemeo Institute of agricultural policy and development. |
|
|
Mwang OA, Ekaya WN, Muiru WM, Wasonga VO, Mnene WM, Mongare PN, Chege SW (2011). Livelihoods under Climate Variability and Change: An Analysis of the Adaptive Capacity of Rural Poor to Water Scarcity in Kenya's Drylands. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 4:403-410. |
|
|
Ngigi SN (2016). Climate change adaptation strategies: water resources management options for smallholder farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa: New York, NY: The Earth Institute at Columbia University. |
|
|
Ngigi SN, Denning G (2009). Climate change adaptation strategies: water resources management options for smallholder farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa: MDG Centre. |
|
|
Niang I, Ruppel OC, Abdrabo MA, Essel A, Lennard C, Padgham J, Urquhart P (2014). Climate Change 2014 - Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects. |
|
|
Nkondze MS, Masuku MB, Manyatsi A (2013). Factors Affecting Households Vulnerability to Climate Change in Swaziland: A Case of Mpolonjeni Area Development Programme (ADP). Journal of Agricultural Science 5(10):108. |
|
|
Nkonya E, Place F, Kato E, Mwanjololo M (2015). Climate risk management through sustainable land management in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Sustainable Intensification to Advance Food Security and Enhance Climate Resilience in Africa): Springer pp. 75-111. |
|
|
Notenbaert A, Karanja S, Herrero M, Felisberto M, Moyo S (2013a). Derivation of a household-level vulnerability index for empirically testing measures of adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Regional Environmental Change 13(2):459-470. |
|
|
Notenbaert A, Karanja SN, Herrero M, Felisberto M, Moyo S (2013b). Derivation of a household-level vulnerability index for empirically testing measures of adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Regional Environmental Change 13(2):459-470. |
|
|
Oliver JE (2005). The Encyclopedia of World Climatology: Springer Netherlands. |
|
|
Orindi VA, Murray A (2005). Adapting to climate change in East Africa: a strategic approach. IIED London. |
|
|
Pallant J (2013). SPSS survival manual. McGraw-Hill International. |
|
|
Paron P, Olago DO, Omuto CT (2013). Kenya: A Natural Outlook. Geo-Environmental Resources and Hazards: Newnes Vol. 16. |
|
|
Parry M, Rosenzweig C, Iglesias A, Fischer G, Livermore M (1999). Climate change and world food security: a new assessment. Global Environmental Change 9:S51-S67 |
|
|
Rao K, Ndegwa W, Kizito K, Oyoo A (2011). Climate variability and change: Farmer perceptions and understanding of intra-seasonal variability in rainfall and associated risk in semi-arid Kenya. Experimental Agriculture 47(02):267-291. |
|
|
Rao K, Okwach G (2005). Enhancing productivity of water under variable climate. Paper presented at the International Water Management Institute Conference Papers. |
|
|
Recha C (2011). Climate Variability and Adaptive Capacity in Semi-arid Tharaka District, Kenya. Retrieved from Nairobi. |
|
|
Reynolds MP (2010). Climate change and crop production (Vol. 1). CABI. |
|
|
RoK (2004). Draft national policy for the sustainsble development of arid and semi arid lands of Kenya. Retrieved from Nairobi: |
|
|
RoK (2013). Makueni County: First County intergrated development plan 2013-2017. Retrieved from Nairobi: |
|
|
Rosenzweig C, Iglesias A, Yang X, Epstein PR, Chivian E (2001). Climate change and extreme weather events; implications for food production, plant diseases, and pests. Global Change and Human Health 2(2):90-104. |
|
|
Rufino M, Thornton P, Mutie I, Jones P, van Wijk M, Herrero M (2013). Transitions in agro-pastoralist systems of East Africa: Impacts on food security and poverty. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 179:215-230. |
|
|
Sanchez PA (2000). Linking climate change research with food security and poverty reduction in the tropics. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 82(1):371-383. |
|
|
Semenov MA, Porter JR (1995). Climatic variability and the modelling of crop yields. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 73(3-4):265-283. |
|
|
Simelton E, Quinn CH, Antwi-Agyei P, Batisani N, Dougill AJ, Dyer J, Fraser ED, Mkwambisi D, Rosell S, Sallu S, Stringer LC (2011). African farmers' perceptions of erratic rainfall. Sustainability Research Institute Paper (27). |
|
|
Smit B, Burton I, Klein RJ, Wandel J (2000). An anatomy of adaptation to climate change and variability. Climatic Change 45(1):223-251. |
|
|
Speranza C, Kiteme B, Ambenje P, Wiesmann U, Makali S (2010). Indigenous knowledge related to climate variability and change: insights from droughts in semi-arid areas of former Makueni District, Kenya. Climatic Change 100(2):295-315. |
|
|
Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS (2001). Using multivariate statistics. New York: Pearsons. |
|
|
Tubiello FN, Fischer G (2007). Reducing climate change impacts on agriculture: Global and regional effects of mitigation, 2000-2080. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 74(7):1030-1056. |
|
|
UNFPA (2009). Family Planning in Kenya: Not For Women Only. |
|
|
Vanlauwe B (2002). Integrated plant nutrient management in Sub-Saharan Africa: From concept to practice. Nairobi: CABI. |
|
|
Verchot LV, Van Noordwijk M, Kandji S, Tomich T, Ong C, Albrecht A, Mackensen J, Bantilan C, Anupama KV, Palm C (2007). Climate change: linking adaptation and mitigation through agroforestry. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 12(5):901-918. |
|
|
Verma R (2001). Gender, land and livelihoods in East Africa: through farmers' eyes. IDRC. |
|
|
World Meteorological Organization (WMO) (2015). WMO Brief. |
|
|
Woodfine A (2009). The potential of sustainable land management practices for climate change mitigation and adaptation in sub-Saharan Africa. Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. |
|
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
