May 2013
Phytoremediation of polluted water by tress: A review
Presence of heavy metals and other pollutants in the aquatic systems has become a serious problem in many developing countries for environmental scientists and also for agencies engaged in environmental production. In this regard, there has been a great deal of attention given to new technologies for removal of heavy metals from contaminated water because conventional technologies to provide safe and clean water to...
May 2013
Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to nickel stress: A review
Nickel (Ni), is the 22nd abundant element in the earth crust, being an essential mineral nutrient found in natural soils in trace concentrations. The elevated levels of Ni pollution in the environment are due to industrial and agricultural activities. It is vitally important to understand both, the functional characteristics and toxic effects of Ni in plants. The quantity of Ni required for normal growth and...
May 2013
Analysis of combining ability in brown sarson (Brassica rapa L.) under temperate conditions
A study was undertaken to estimate the combining ability in brown sarson through diallel analysis involving ten diverse genotypes. The combining ability analysis revealed significant mean squares for general and specific combining ability for all the traits studied. The estimates of variance due to dominance deviation () were much higher than the corresponding additive genetic variance () for all the traits. The...
May 2013
Variability of morphological characters, protein patterns and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in some Pisum genotypes
The present study involved characterization of variability of qualitative morphological characters, protein patterns and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in some Pisum sativum genotypes. 17 different Pisum genotypes were used in this study. They are: Seven P. sativum L. cultivars (Vectory Freezer, Master, Lincoln, Little Marvel, Montana, Local and Billinder), three wild...
May 2013
Studies on survivability of field pea rust caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae (Pers.) de Bary in Tarai region of Uttarakhand (India)
Pea rust, which is caused by Uromyces viciae-fabae (Pers.) de Bary has become the important pathogen since last decade and results in significant yield losses in India. The experiment was conducted during the 2006 to 2010 crop seasons on the survivability on rust of field pea under in vitro condition at Pantnagar, India. The results indicated that maximum urediospores germination was recorded from...
May 2013
Gamma irradiation can control the number of psychotrophic bacteria in Agaricus bisporus during storage
We evaluated the effect of gamma irradiation doses (0, 125, 250, and 500 Gy) in control of psychrotrophic bacteria in different strains of Agaricus bisporus (ABI-07/06, ABI-05/03, and PB-1) during storage, cultivated in composts based on oat straw (Avena sativa) and Brachiaria spp. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial scheme 4 ´ 2 ´ 3 (irradiation...
May 2013
An ecological capability evaluation model for recreation, conservation and protection functions of Iran’s Zagros forests: Javanrood region
Nowadays, in different parts of the world forest ecosystems are increasingly viewed as resources that could be managed for a wide range of ecological, economical, and social uses. The forest based recreation can be considered as an economic and social function that can provide recreation opportunities and income for entrepreneurs. Zagros forests in the west of Iran play an important role for soil and water...
May 2013
Effect of monthly precipitation on the radial growth of Pseudotsuga menziesii in northern Mexico
Distribution and abundance of plant species. Pseudotsuga menziesii has been reported as a highly sensitive species to climatic variation and is regarded as a genetic resource of invaluable importance. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the specific effect of precipitation on radial growth throughout year for this species. From historical climate records and tree ring cores collected in Mexican...
May 2013
Factors affecting the choice of conservation agriculture practices adopted by smallholder cotton farmers in Zimbabwe
Conservation agriculture (CA) has been widely promoted in Zimbabwe as an antidote to non-viable agricultural production and continual land degradation. However, the adoption process had been quite slow and has not yet entered into the exponential uptake phase. This study aimed at identifying factors that influence the level of adoption of CA components. A cluster analysis from results of a household survey...
May 2013
Soil fertility capability classification (FCC) for rice production in Cameroon lowlands
Fertility capability classification (FCC) system is a technical soil classification system focusing quantitatively on physical and chemical properties of soil important to soil fertility management. Lowland rice cultivation is a major activity in Cameroon, where demand for the commodity is increasing amidst increasing production constraints. This study was intended to classify lowland rice soils in major...
May 2013
Evaluation of biomass production and nutritive value of nine Panicum maximum ecotypes in Central region of Benin
The grassland resource could be better managed if the effect of different defoliation regimes on the amount of the dry matter and nutritive value was known. Consequently, 9 ecotypes of Panicum maximum were evaluated in central region of Benin with an average 1100 mm annual rainfall during 3 years for ley pasture without any fertiliser input. Three cutting regimes (3-10-3, 5-6-5 and 6-4-6-week) were...
May 2013
Life table of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) on various phenological stages of cotton
A study of the life table of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsely on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for two constitutive seasons at Entomological Farm, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) Ludhiana revealed that among three phenophases (vegetative, flowering and maturation stage), gross reproductive rate (GRR), net reproductive rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), precise value of rm and finite rate of...
May 2013
Effect of rice straw treatment on feed intake, rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of urea and urea-calcium hydroxide treated rice straws on feed intake, rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows. Three multiparous Holstein crossbred dairy cows, mid-lactation with 365 ± 30 kg BW, were randomly assigned to receive three kinds of rice straw according to 3 × 3 Latin square design: untreated (T1), 2 × 2%...
May 2013
Evaluation of pure and crossbred progenies of Red Sokoto and West African Dwarf goats in the Rainforest Zone of South Eastern Nigeria
A total of 56 kids produced from four breeding goat units consisting of pure Red Sokoto (RS ×RS), pure West African Dwarf (WAD × WAD), main cross (RS × WAD), and reciprocal cross (WAD × RS) were used to investigate performance and cost benefit of producing progenies of these indigenous goat breeds in a rain forest zone of South Eastern Nigeria. The experimental design was a completely randomized...
May 2013
Causal relations between foreign direct investment in agriculture and agricultural output in Nigeria
An inflation shock based scenario analysis of causal relations between foreign direct investment (FDI) in agriculture and agricultural output in Nigeria was conducted using data that spanned between 1960 and 2008. Augmented Dickey-Fuller test, Johansen co integration procedure, error correction model, granger causality test and impulse response were employed as methods of data analyses. The results revealed that no long...
May 2013
The relationship between knowledge management and agile supply chain management: Case study of Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization
In recent years, different concepts have been expressed about organizational change in which business processes are considered as the conceptual bases for organizational design. Knowledge and knowledge management are the most important factors of progressive organizations that must be used as factors for organizational change and improvement. Acceptance of change and improvement is a primitive assumption to focus on...
May 2013
An assessment of farm-to-market link of Indonesian dried seaweeds: Contribution of middlemen toward sustainable livelihood of small-scale fishermen in Laikang Bay
For many years, sustainable seaweed farming has been practiced for the revitalization of village-level economy of small-scale fishermen in Laikang Bay. This study sought to identify the characteristics of small-scale seaweed farming in South Sulawesi Province in Indonesia, to assess the roles of middlemen in supporting seaweed production and marketing, and to investigate the marketing channels of dried seaweed products...
May 2013
Technical efficiency in input use by credit and non-credit user emerging farmers in Maruleng Municipality of Limpopo Province, South Africa
This study examined the relative technical efficiencies in input use by credit and non-credit user farmers in Maruleng Municipality of Limpopo Province, South Africa. The differentials in the technical efficiency levels of maize and green beans farmers were examined. The study used primary data collected from a stratified random sample of 72 emerging farmers of which 32 were credit users and the remaining 40 were...
May 2013
Leaching patterns of fipronil in 3 kinds of soil in Hainan province, China
Fipronil, an insecticide for crop protection with good selectivity between insects and mammals, are toxic to plants and animals in wild. In this paper, the decay patterns of Fipronil in 3 kinds of arable layer soil in Hainan province were studied by means of simulated rain water leaching use tap water on the earthworms and duckweeds, respectively. The results showed that decays of Fipronil in different soils were high...
May 2013
Micropropagation of Myrica rubra Sieb. and Zucc. using shoot tips and nodal explant
Myrica rubra is an important horticultural, forestry and ornamental tree. Its micropropagation was achieved by using shoot tip and nodal explants from two commercial cultivars “Biji and Dongkui” on BW medium supplemented with Thidiazuron (TDZ) and/or 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). TDZ induced multiple shoots but stunted growth. Maximum number of shoots (5.75) was recorded for both cultivars...
May 2013
Correlation equation for synchronized flowering in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid KBSH-1 parental lines based on meteorological parameters
A field experiment was conducted with sunflower hybrid KBSH- 1 parental lines with six monthly sowings to predict the number of days to be staggered between the parental lines to achieve a synchronized flowering based on meteorological parameters. The regression study was made using the different heat unit concepts. The regression co-efficient between the phenophases and the derived weather parameters growing degree...
May 2013
Mineral nutrition of mycorrhized tropical gum tree A. senegal (L.) under water deficiency conditions
A pot experiment was set to examine the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on mineral nutrition of a tropical legume tree (Acacia senegal) under three different water status. Acacia senegal seedlings were inoculated with three species of AMF, Glomus intraradices, Glomus fasciculatum or Glomus mosseae. Three water levels (field capacity, moderate water deficiency and severe...
May 2013
The critical period of weed interference in upland rice in northern Guinea savanna: Field measurement and model prediction
Luxuriant weed growth destroying rice crops is a major problem in tropical Africa. The objective of this study was to determine the critical period of weed infestation in upland rice varieties in order to enable the development of more precise weed management recommendations for farmers. The effects of 10 differing periods of weed management on upland rice yield were studied in experiments with five rice varieties...
May 2013
Enteric bacteria and fungi of the Eudrilid earthworm Libyodrilus violaceus
The identity and multiplication of bacteria and fungi (yeasts and mould) as they pass along the alimentary tract of the earthworm Libyodrilus violaceus have been studied. The bacteria isolated included Acinetobacter sp., Alcaligans faecalis, Bacillus brevis, Bacillus ceveus, Bacillus lalerosporus, Bacillus lichenoform, Bacillus maceraus, Bacillus sp., Corynebacterium sp., Enterobacter...
May 2013
Response of graded levels of calcium and magnesium on growth and flowering of Cymbidium hybrid ‘Mint Ice Glacier’
The experiment was conducted to study the influence of different graded levels of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) on Cymbidium hybrid ‘Mint Ice Glacier’ during the year 2008 to 2012. Application of Ca and Mg alone or in combination significantly influenced the different growth parameters like plant height, vegetative shoot clump-1 and number of leaves clump-1 as well as flowering...
May 2013
Effect of Burkina Faso phosphate rock direct application on Ghanaian rice cultivation
Phosphorus is a critical nutrient for crop production. The soil phosphorus deficit in sub-Saharan Africa is one of the most important constraints on crop productions. Resulting from the high phosphorus fixation capacities of highly weathered acidic soil coupled with the relatively low total phosphorus, the impact of this deficit is particularly pronounced in the case of rice cultivation. Phosphate rock is a promising...
May 2013
Smallholder farmers’ perceptions of maize diseases, pests, and other production constraints, their implications for maize breeding and evaluation of local maize cultivars in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Diseases and pests are among the major constraints limiting maize productivity in the smallholder (SH) farming sector of sub-Saharan Africa. The objectives of this study were therefore, to determine how SH farmers perceive and cope with diseases and pests, identify with farmersother constraints to maize production. Data were collected from three villages of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) province in South Africa using surveys and...
May 2013
Nitrogen and sulfur applied to the coverage of a canola crop in no-tillage system
Canola (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera) is an oilseed that belongs to the Brassicaceae family and has in its grains a content of 38% oil and 27% protein. The aim of this work was to evaluate the interference of different quantities of nitrogen fertilizer applied to the coverage of the Canola crop on direct and indirect components of the production of grains and oil. In that sense, an experiment with...
May 2013
Farmers’ perception of water scarcity and components influencing on this challenge in Fars province
As water scarcity is alarmingly on the increase in national and international level especially in agriculture and due to the importance of examination of components influencing how water scarcity is dealt with by farmers, this research was carried out to analyze the situation of water scarcity by farmers of Zarindasht County and to examine influencing components on this challenge. A questionnaire was used for the...
May 2013
The effect of different levels of irrigation with superabsorbent (S.A.P) treatment on growth and development of Myrobalan (Prunus cerasifera) seedling
This study was conducted with the main purpose to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and different levels of irrigation on characteristics of Myrobalan (Prunus cerasifera) seedling. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete design with five level (0.0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3%) super absorbent polymer and three levels of water irrigation including 4 day (control), 8 and 12 day from germination until two...
May 2013
Status assessment and causal factors diagnosis of river system health
A healthy river system means its structures can cooperatively and orderly work together and all functions can be well brought to exert when the external disturbance is under a limit extent. This paper had presented the concept framework, which had included status assessment (SA) and cause diagnosis (CD). On the base of the method of describing entropy, health index (HI) of a river system had been defined via order...
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