July 2012
An overview of diagnostic criteria for identification of cryptococcal meningitis with special emphasis on AIDS
Fungi are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients but HIV predisposes patients to several viral and bacterial infections that can result in meningitis. Understanding the burden of cryptococcal disease is particularly important for public health officials to adequately plan and prioritize needed resources for disease prevention and control. Cryptococcal meningitis, a fungal infection caused...
July 2012
Folic acid supplementation is not the sole factor in determining neural tube defects: The possible role of autoantibodies
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are severe but common congenital malformations. Neonates who suffer from NTDs may experience long-term complications throughout their lives. These NTD complications which have been reduced worldwide are primarily due to environmental and genetic factors. Multicenter NTD studies conducted in Malaysia report a prevalence ranging from 0.79 to 1.29 per 1000 live births based on NTD etiologies,...
July 2012
Genetic analysis for identification, genomic template stability in hybrids and barcodes of the Vanda species (Orchidaceae) of Thailand
Molecular data supporting morphological characters for identification and specific markers for ornamental Vanda species in Thailand can be achieved for economic means. The ten native Thai species that have been explored and identified are Vanda bensonii, Vanda brunnea, Vanda coerulea, Vanda coerulescens, Vanda denisoniana,Vanda pumila, Vanda lilacina, Vanda...
July 2012
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of flag leaf senescence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with microsatellite DNA markers under water-stressed condition
The objective of this study was to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with drought tolerance in wheat genotypes by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and to provide valuable information for marker assisted selection. SSR markers linked to flag leaf senescence (FLS) was identified in two DNA pools, which were established using F2 mapping population, resulting from a cross between a...
July 2012
Characterization and expression of dehydrins in wild Egyptian pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Pea genotypes exhibited significant genetic variation in drought tolerance. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening for dehydrins in different pea genotypes indicated the amplification of at least six dehydrin gene fragments varied in length from 500 to 1000 bp. In this study, a dehydrin gene, PsDhn1 (GenBank accession number JN182234), was isolated and characterized from wild Egyptian pea (Pisum...
July 2012
Detection of metabolites in Flor de Mayo common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and their response to inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum
Seed germination involves complex processes where plant growth-promoting substances are released into the growth medium, mainly involving pathways that start in tryptophan (TRP) and end in the formation of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Among them, four are known as TRP-dependent and a fifth as TRP-independent. Some compounds were observed during germination of bean seeds that involved at least three IAA synthesis pathways...
July 2012
Methanotrophic abundance and community fingerprint in pine and tea plantation soils as revealed by molecular methods
Understanding the community structure of methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs) is important to assess the microbial oxidation of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) in soil under different land uses. Soil samples were collected from two plantation plots of pine and tea in southern China. Methanotrophic abundance was quantified with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) based on the 16S rRNA...
July 2012
Enhancement of glutamine synthetase activity in Paenibacillus polymyxa by optimization of different growth conditions
Biological nitrogen fixation is highly regulated at the transcriptional level by sophisticated regulatory networks that respond to multiple environmental signals. Glutamine synthetase (GS) occupies a central position in cellular metabolism and offer to the cell, a potential point for regulation of biosynthetic function. The aim of this work is to enhance the activity of GS in Paenibacillus polymyxa through...
July 2012
Selection and identification of air pollution-tolerant plants by air pollution tolerance index (APTI) in urban parks of Isfahan, Iran
The study examined air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of ten tree species in urban parks of Isfahan, Iran. Four physiological and biochemical parameters namely: leaf relative water content of leaf (RWC), ascorbic acid content, total leaf chlorophyll (TCH) and leaf extract pH were used to determined the APTI. The results show that combining variety of these parameters gave a more reliable result than those of...
July 2012
Dynamics of macrozoobenthos assemblages in the Fubao Bay of Lake Dianchi and their relation to organic pollutants
A two-year-long investigation on the dynamics of the structure and biodiversity of macrozoobenthos was conducted in the Fubao Bay of Dianchi Lake, Southwest China. A high level of organic pollution has been detected in this Bay for the last 10 years. In all, 31 benthic taxa belonging to eight families and 20 genera were identified. Oligochaeta dominated this ecosystem, comprising 53 to 99% of the total abundance and 75...
July 2012
Effect of alum (top-dressed and mixed) with rice hulls on pH and ammonia emissions from poultry houses
The use of aluminum sulfate [alum; Al2(SO3)4·14H2O] as top dressing to poultry litter has been proven in reducing ammonia (NH3) volatilization under both laboratory and field tests; however, there has been no information of alum application in mixing methods from poultry litter or rice hulls. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of alum top dressed or mixed with rice hulls as litter management...
July 2012
The phenolic compounds and compositional quality of Chétoui virgin olive oil: Effect of altitude
The differences in the chemical composition of virgin olive oils (VOO) obtained from trees of the Chetoui variety cultivated at different altitudes in Tunisia were evaluated. All samples were harvested using the same controlled procedures and were submitted to a controlled processing in the same laboratory mill. Several analytical parameters such as fatty acid composition, amounts of phenols; o-diphenols and...
July 2012
Water decoction of Astragalus membranaceus enhances cellular immune response and disease resistance in spotted maigre
The effect of dietary Chinese herb Astragalus membranaceus on the cellular immune response of spotted maigre (Nibea albifiora) was investigated. 300 spotted maigre with an average initial weight of 49.6 ± 5.5 g were selected and fed with different levels of water decoction of A. membranaceus (WDA) (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0%) for 4 weeks. Non-specific immune responses were measured after 0, 3,...
July 2012
Phytochemical and cytotoxic analysis of Pharthenium hysterophosis selected from District Bannu, Pakistan
Parthenium hysterophorus is a well known medicinal plant widely used traditionally in the treatment of various diseases and as a constituent of various drugs, and in phytotherapy. The current study was designed to investigate the phytochemical screening and cytotoxic capacity of methanolic and n-hexane extract of P. hysterophorus. Quantitative analysis of P. hysterophorus showed maximum quantity...
July 2012
Comparison of the effectiveness and attractiveness of the trap "Sentrap"and two home-made prototypes to "Multilure" (conventional trap) in male anihilation technique
The average catches of Bactrocera invadens obtained from home-made open-bottom dry traps of mineral water translucent plastic bottles of 1.5 L, 5 L, and "Sentrap" Open-top Dry local Trap (plastic prototype improved by SENCHIM, an agrochemicals industry based in Senegal) were compared to the conventional trap "Multilure" (Better World Manufacturing, Inc..,...
July 2012
Effect of dietary mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) and pine needle powder (Pinus densiflora) on growth performance, serum cholesterol levels, and meat quality in broilers
The effects of dietary mugwort and pine needle powder supplementation on growth performance, serum cholesterol, and meat quality of broilers were evaluated in a 35 days feed trial. 200 one day old broilers were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (0, 1 and 2% mugwort or 1 and 2% pine needle powder) with four replicate pens of 10 birds per treatment. During the experimental period, growth...
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