May 2010
A comparative study on the biochemical effect of ocular and oral cadmium administration in rabbits
The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of oral and ocular exposure to cadmium for one and three months on some biochemical parameters using rabbits as animal model. The results obtained show that the kidney, femoral muscle, femur and brain of rabbits ocularly exposed to Cd had a significantly higher concentration of Cd relative to that of those administered the metal orally after both...
May 2010
Generation and characterization of a monoclonal antibody to penicillic acid from Penicillium cyclopium
Penicillic acid is one of the main mycotoxins in moldy feedstuff and has toxic effect on livestock and poultry and probably humans due to food chain transmission. The objective of this study was to generate and characterize a monoclonal antibody to penicillic acid for the efficient detection of penicillic acid from Penicillium cyclopiumby immunological methods. To this end, penicillic acid was conjugated...
May 2010
Genetic variation of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) collections from China detected by morphological traits, RAPD and SSR
White clover is an important legume naturalized in China. But genetic variation of Chinese local white clover germplasm has not been reported. There is no information for parents’ selection and genetic resource conservation. The objective of this study was to investigate and characterize genetic variation of ten local white clover germplasms collected from different geographical regions of China....
May 2010
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms associated with periodontal diseases in Turkish adults
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is involved in key steps of immune response. Genetic factors predispose individuals to periodontal disease. This study's aim was to explore the association between NOS3 gene polymorphisms and clinical parameters in patients with periodontal disease. Genomic DNA was obtained from the peripheral blood of 23 subjects with aggressive periodontitis (AgP), 26 with...
May 2010
Genetic diversity and population structure in Meconopsis quintuplinervia (Papaveraceae)
Meconopsis quintuplinervia is regarded as a valuable medicinal plant in Tibetan medicinal system. This species is distributed in Qinghai, Xizang, Sichuan, Shanxi ,Gansu and Hubei provinces of the People's Republic of China. Genetic variation of 16 M. quintuplinervia populations sampled from Qinghai and Gansu of China was examined by random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (RAPDs). In...
May 2010
Genotype x Environment interaction for quality traits in durum wheat cultivars adapted to different environments
The quality traits of durum wheat are important for the utilization by the industries. These traits may be influenced by genotype and interaction of genotype and environment (GxE). To In this study, we evaluate the effects of genotype, environment and genotype x environment interaction on quality traits such as vitreousness, SDS sedimentation test, yellow pigment index, protein content and test weight, twelve Moroccan...
May 2010
Rastrelliger systematics inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences
The fish genus Rastrelliger is composed of three morphologically recognized species; Rastrelliger kanagurta, Rastrelliger brachysoma and Rastrelliger faughni.In this study, cytochrome b gene sequencing was applied to address the systematics and phylogenetic relationships of these species. In agreement with previous morphological data, the results corroborate...
May 2010
Genomic affinity between Oryza sativa and Oryza brachyantha as revealed by in situ hybridization and chromosome pairing
Genomic affinity between Oryza sativa (2n = 24 AA), and Oryza brachyantha (2n = 24 FF) was assessed by using three strategies: genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), meiotic chromosome pairing, pollen and spikelet sterility. The chromosome pairing was examined in pollen mother cells of O. brachyantha, O. sativa and the hybrid between O. sativa and O....
May 2010
Estimation of divergence times for major lineages of galliform birds: Evidence from complete mitochondrial genome sequences
Determining an absolute timescale for avian evolutionary history has been recently challenged by the relaxed molecular clock methods, that rates of molecular evolution can vary significantly among organisms. In this study, we used relaxed molecular clocks to date the divergence of major lineages of Galliformes based on complete mitochondrial genomes. A nucleotide dataset of 13 concatenated protein-coding...
May 2010
Carry-over effect of Thidiazuron on banana in vitro proliferation at different culture cycles and light incubation conditions
Thidiazuron (TDZ) is an active cytokinin that was shown to induce increased shoot proliferation and habituation in black walnut, Phaseolus lunatus and evergreen azalea, which are tree species but has not been widely investigated in bananas. Unlike other cytokines commonly in use that are adenine-based, TDZ is a urea based cytokinin and therefore is non-degradable by cytokinin-oxidase enzymes in...
May 2010
Temperature requirement of different isolates of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from mango
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and Sacc. is one of the most important diseases of mango. During survey, the disease samples of fruits affected by anthracnose were collected from Arambakam, Dapoli, Hassan, Hessarghatta, Lucknow, Raichur, Tiruvur and Tumkur, and isolations were made. Studies were conducted to find out the temperature requirement of different...
May 2010
Regeneration of green plants from seed-derived callus cultures of Poa
Plants were regenerated from callus derived from entire mature seeds of three Poa pratensis cultivars (Kentucky bluegrass, Fylking and Baron) and one Chinese native species, Poa sphendyLodes L. Kentucky bluegrass showed the highest regenerating capacity of the four cultivars. Addition of low concentration (0.2 mg/l) of (6-benzyladenine) 6-BA to Murashige and Skoog (MS)...
May 2010
Seed germination and in vitro plant regeneration of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth
Parkia biglobosa is an important leguminous forest species which is being threatened of going into extinction in Senegal. To preserve this genetic resource of great economic value, studies on germination were carried out and in vitroconservation option through tissue culture technique was adopted. 100% of germination rate was recorded 2 days after 5 - 6 h of concentrated H2SO4treatments and...
May 2010
Evaluation of consumers’ choice of wooden dining furniture in Southwestern Nigeria: A market strategy for furniture manufacturers and marketers
This study evaluated consumers’ choice of wooden dining furniture in Southwestern Nigeria to provide information that could guide business decisions by manufacturers and marketers of wooden dining furniture. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires administered on 345 randomly selected respondents between July and December, 2008. These were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA...
May 2010
Prospects in the use of Ficus polita as a local ruminant feed
The proximate as well as the mineral compositions of Ficus polita and some anti nutritional factors were determined in order to justify the local use of this plant as a feedstuff especially for ruminant animals and to establish the possible wide scale utilization of this plant in the feed industry. The proximate, mineral and phytonutrient compositions of the plant were determined using standard...
May 2010
Effects of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) rice on biodiversity of weed in paddy fields
To detect potential changes in properties of weed communities in fields of GMHT rice Bar68-1, trials were carried out from 2007-2008 at Changsha, China with conventional indica rice D68 served as control. The average richness of weed community measured by species accumulation curve tended to be identical in the fields of Bar68-1 and D68 as the number of sampling points increased. There...
May 2010
Structural analysis and functional characteristics of greenhouses in the Mediterranean region of Turkey
This study was carried out to determine the structural analysis and functional characteristics of the greenhouses in the Mediterranean region where 87% of the greenhouse production area in Turkey is concentrated. Information about types, material and construction properties, placement and arrangement of greenhouses in the research area was gathered by questionnaires; then greenhouses in enterprises were...
May 2010
Bioremediation of chromium in tannery effluent by microbial consortia
Chromium is the most toxic and common among the heavy metal pollutants of industrial effluents. In the present work the chromium remediation ability of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in consortia and in their immobilized forms was studied and their efficiencies were compared. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and diphenyl carbazide method was...
May 2010
Microbial production of polyhydroxy alkanotes (PHA) from Alcaligens spp. and Pseudomonas oleovorans using different carbon sources
Plastics have resistance to biological breakdown that result in its accumulation in the environment. This emphasizes the need to search for biodegradable polymer, which is easily disposable and degradable. Bacteria synthesize and accumulate polyhydroxy alkanote (PHA) as carbon source under limiting conditions of nutrients. The effect of different nutrient conditions on production of PHA by Alcaligens...
May 2010
Kinetic model for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production by Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava and verification of growth conditions
A kinetic model that describes microbial growth, biopolymer production and substrate consumption is used to predict the performance of batch fermentation ofHydrogenophaga pseudoflava. H. pseudoflava DSMZ 1034 is useful in synthesizing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs).The experimental data was also fitted with the logistic equation that can provide adequate description for PHA synthesized by H....
May 2010
Microbial studies of table scrapings from meat stalls in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria: Implications on meat hygiene
Tables used to display meat for sale in nine different markets in Ibadan Metropolis were microbiologically examined for their implication on meat hygiene. Twenty seven strains of bacteria and eight strains of fungi were isolated and identified. They were identified on the basis of metabolic and physiological features while simple crystal violet staining was used for observing cell size and shape. The samples...
May 2010
Antibacterial activity of garlic and lime on isolates of extracted carious teeth
Inhibitory activity of garlic (Allium sativum Linn.) and lime (Citrus aurantifolia Linn.) on seven bacterial species (Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus,Norcadia asteroides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Actinomyces viscosus,Staphylococcus aureus and Veillonella alcaligens) isolated from 240 extracted, carious teeth were investigated using standard techniques. The...
May 2010
Performance of baker's yeast produced using date syrup substrate on Arabic bread quality
Baker's yeast was produced from three selected baker's yeast strains using date syrup as a substrate at low and high flow rate compared to those produced using molasses substrates. Performance of the produced baker's yeasts on Arabic bread quality was investigated. Baking tests showed a positive relationship between total Arabic bread quality and yeast gassing power. This relationship could be...
May 2010
A comparative study on the storage of yam chips (gbodo) and yam flour (elubo)
Comparative study on the storability of yam chips and yam flour was carried out on traditionally processed and stored yam chips (gbodo) and yam flour (elubo) over a period of three months. Their keeping qualities were accessed at intervals by determining the nutritive qualities and the microbial properties of both samples. During the three months of storage, the yam flour showed greater deterioration with...
May 2010
Phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of leaf extracts of three Amaranthus plant species
This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activity of hexane, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and methanol leave extracts of Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus spinosus and Amaranthus caudatus. The microorganisms assayed for antimicrobial activity were: the gram-positive Staphylococcus aureusand Bacillus spp, the gram-negative Escherichia...
May 2010
The immune enhancer, thymoquinone, and the hope of utilizing the immune system of Aedes caspius against disease agents
Insects have developed an efficient defence system against microorganisms, which involves both humoral and cellular mechanisms. Recent studies on insect defence system are aimed at utilizing it in the battle against mosquito-borne diseases. However, mounting immune responses of insects has proved to impose fitness costs. The current study was conducted to test the costs of enhancing the immune responses...
May 2010
Comparison of the effects of UV-A radiation on Leptospira interrogan serovar Bataviae, Canicola and Pomona
Motivated by the lack of related studies and an insufficient understanding of the response of pathogenic spirochetes, including leptospira to ultraviolet-A (UV-A) (or other stresses), we comparatively studied the effects of UV-A radiation on theLeptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae, Canicola and Pomona. The main purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of UV-A irradiation—both...
May 2010
Extraction of proteins from yeast cell wall
The proteins from yeast cell wall were extracted by autolysis and depositing in turn. The results show that the change of pH value greatly affects the yield of the final product. The content of obtained crude proteins is maximal (more than 66%) when the autolysis time is 3 h, and pH value is 6 - 7. The extracted proteins can be of social and economic benefits. Key words: Yeast cell wall,...
May 2010
Screening of some plant extracts against some skin diseases caused by oxidative stress and microorganisms
Eleven plants were selected to evaluate their antioxidant and antimicrobial potentiality against some skin diseases caused by some bacteria and fungi. The dry powder was extracted in methanol by cold percolation method. Free radical scavenging activities like diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide anion (O2−) scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical (·OH) scavenging activity, reducing capacity...
May 2010
Protective role of aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa (calyx) against potassium bromate induced tissue damage in wistar rats
The protective role of aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa (calyx) against potassium bromate induced tissue damage was investigated in rat tissues (brain,kidney, stomach, spleen, heart and liver). The rats were divided into four groups. Group A was administered with 0.25 M sucrose only (base line control), Group B with 60 mg/kg body weight of potassium bromate, and Group C with 250 mg/kg body...
May 2010
Effects of metronidazole and probiotics oligosaccharide on bacterial translocation in protein malnutrition
The present study aims to evaluate the effects of metronidazole, probiotics oligosaccharide on indigenous mi croflora and bacterial translocation (BT) in protein malnourished rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: protein malnourished rats PM (group1, n = 10) were fed with maize only, protein malnourished rats (group 2, n = 10) were received metronidazole and protein malnourished rats...
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