February 2012
Studies of molecular modeling on drug design of Listeria monocytogenes internalin B β-sheet
Internalin B (InlB) is an extracellular virulence factor of the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, (italic) and it contains seven leucine rich repeats (LRRs) which is composed of seven β-strands aligned to form a continuous β–sheet. This β–sheet which is composed of a linear arrangement of five exposed aromatic amino acids is a hot–spot for host receptor...
February 2012
The effect of climate change on plant diseases
The effects of climate change on plant diseases have been the subject of intense debate in the last decade; research in this sense has been carry out, however, more information is needed. Elevated temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations associated with climate change will have a substantial impact on plant-disease interactions. Changes in temperature affect both the host and the pathogen; thus, risk analyses must...
February 2012
Genetic parameters and trends of production traits in Iranian Holstein population
The aim of the present study was to estimate the genetic parameters and trends of milk yield, fat yield and fat percentage in Iranian Holstein population using animal model (multiple-traits) and Derivative-Free Restricted Maximum Likelihood (DFREML) procedure. First lactation data of 1128, 1093 and 1093 Mazandaran Holstein cows were collected from National Animal Breeding Center from 1988 to 2004 for milk yield, fat...
February 2012
Histochemical demonstration of mucosubstances in the mouse gastrointestinal tract treated with Origanum hypericifolium O. Schwartz and P.H. Davis extract
Glycoconjugate-containing mucous in the gastrointestinal tract has lubricant and cytoprotective effects. This study was performed to demonstrate the intensity of mucous in the stomach, small and large intestine tissues of female BALB/c mice injected intraperitoneally with 0.2 ml of the Origanum hypericifolium extract for six weeks. The staining procedures employed were Alcian Blue (AB) at pH 1 and 2.5, periodic...
February 2012
Foliar application of calcium chloride and borax affects the fruit skin strength and cracking incidence in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cultivars
The influence of foliar application of calcium chloride and borax calcium on fruit skin strength and cracking incidence in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit was investigated at 25 days interval and also the evaluation of fruit skin calcium and boron contents, skin strength, ion leakage from skin discs and fruit cracking in four litchi cultivars. Significant variations were...
February 2012
Responses of phenological and physiological stages of spring safflower to complementary irrigation
In order to investigate impact of complementary irrigation on phenological stages, chlorophyll content, radiation absorption and extinction coefficient, as well as some aspects concerning the yield of spring safflower, a split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replication was conducted at the Ardabil Research Center For Agriculture And Natural Resources, Ardabil, Iran in 2009....
February 2012
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl.
The aim of this study was to improve the efficiency of plantlet regeneration and to establish an effective protocol for genetic transformation of Dendrobium chrysotoxum. Seeds successfully germinated on the ND medium amended with 1% potato extract, and further developed into protocorms with high proliferation when transferred to the ND medium containing 1% sucrose. Protocorms produced the maximum number of seven...
February 2012
Expression and functional analysis of polygalacturonase gene Pcipg5 from the plant pathogen Phytophthora capsici
As one of the cell wall-degrading enzymes, polygalacturonase involves in pathogenicity and virulence in a number of host pathogen interactions. In thepolygalacturonase multigene family of Phytophthora capsici, Pcipg5 was screened from the genomic library. The Pcipg5 gene contains three putative active sites (179Asp, 200Asp, 201Asp) and one potential N-glycosylation site (252Asn). PCIPG5,...
February 2012
Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of various polar solvent extracts of stem and leaves of four Cassia species
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of leaves and stem of four Cassia species are reported in solvents like methanol, acetone and water after defatting with petroleum ether. In vitro antioxidant activities like 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities and reducing capacity assessment was done. Total phenol and flavonoid content were...
February 2012
Inhibitory effects of extracts from Tunisian marine species on serine-protease from a local Beauveria bassiana strain
The effect of marine biological extracts, collected from the Gabes gulf area located in Tunisia, was evaluated on the extracellular proteolytic activity of Beauveria bassiana. The majority of extracts exhibited a marked inhibitory activity against the protease. Depending on extract origin, the inhibition percentages differed when the extracts were dissolved either in ethanol or in water. The ethanol...
February 2012
Phytotoxic activity of crude methanolic extract of Euphorbia prostrata collected from Bannu District (Pakistan)
Phytotoxic activity of crude methanolic extract of Euphorbia prostrata fromEuphorbiacae was tested on the germination of wheat seeds and on the growth of the germinated seedlings. In both the field and plate studies, the extract showed inhibitory effect on the germination of the growth of root and shoot of the seedlings. The inhibition was found to be dose dependent. The higher...
February 2012
Spectroscopic determination of leaf water content using linear regression and an artificial neural network
In order to detect crop water status with fast, non-destructive monitoring based on its spectral characteristics, this study measured 33 groups of peach tree leaf reflectance spectra (350 to 1075 nm). Linear regression and backpropagation artificial neural network methods were used to establish peach tree leaf water content and perform quantitative analyses between spectral indices. The results show that a linear...
February 2012
Spectroscopic determination of soluble solids content of ‘Qinmei’ kiwifruit using partial least squares
The use of Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy technology in the non-destructive measurement of kiwifruit soluble solids content was studied. In the region (4000 to 12000 cm-1), we used partial least squares to establish a mathematical model for the quantitative analysis of kiwifruit soluble solids content. We conducted a comparative analysis of the prediction models for samples with different quality levels...
February 2012
Prebiotic effects of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum aqueous leaf extracts in rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
The prebiotic potentials of crude extracts of Vernonia amygdalina and Ocimum gratissimum in rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were studied. The aqueous leaf extracts of both plants, taken orally, were evaluated for their effects on the composition and relative abundance of the rabbit gastrointestinal microflora as well as their protective roles against gastrointestinal infection by selected test...
February 2012
Effect of inhibiting the expression of insulin-like peptide gene BBX-B8 on development and reproduction of silkworm, Bombyx mori
Bombyxin (BBX) of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an insulin-like peptide (ILP). To further study the function of the BBX-B8 gene, the effects of inhibiting the expression of BBX-B8 gene on organ development, reproduction and trehalose metabolization of the silkworm were investigated. 48 h after the injection of BBX-B8 dsRNA into the 3-day larvae of fifth-instar (10 μg per larvae; 10 μl; the...
February 2012
Effective Agrobacterium–mediated transformation of pineapple with CYP1A1 by kanamycin selection technique
Initial calli was induced from leaf base of aseptic shoots. These calli were co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring a plant expression vector pUHA1 containing a human cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) gene for 3 days. Then, the infected calli were transferred to differentiation medium. Adventitious buds were generated after about 10 day’s incubation. The generated...
February 2012
Univariate stability analysis methods for determining genotype × environment interaction of durum wheat grain yield
Twenty two different stability statistics were used for analyzing genotype × environment (GE) interaction of durum wheat experimental data (20 genotypes in 15 environments). Combined analysis of variance indicated that GE interaction significantly influenced genotypes yield. According to type I stability concept, genotypes G7, G9 and G13 were the most stable genotypes, while based on the type II stability concept,...
February 2012
Clinical mastitis from calving to next conception negatively affected reproductive performance of dairy cows in Nanning, China
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of clinical mastitis between calving and next conception on reproductive performance in Chinese Holstein cows. Six hundred and three multiparous Holstein cows from a commercial dairy farm were divided into three groups respectively: cows with first clinical mastitis before first artificial insemination (AI) (MG1; n = 113), cows with first...
February 2012
Characterization of four indigenous sheep breeds ofBalochistan, Pakistan by random amplified polymorphic DNAs
Genetic diversity among four indigenous breeds of sheep namely Mengali, Balochi, Beverigh and Harnai of Balochistan was detected by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Nineteen RAPD primers were initially applied and seventeen were chosen for further analysis, based on band pattern quality, reproducibility and presence of bands. An average of 92 RAPD fragments were obtained by using...
February 2012
Study of citrullinaemia disorder in Khuzestan Holstein cattle population of Iran
The present study investigated the occurrence of autosomal recessive genetic disease, citrullinaemia, in Khuzestan native cows and Iranian Holstein cattle. Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood of the cows (n = 330). The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was performed to identify carriers of this disease. Then to determine existence of mutant citrullinaemia...
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