African Journal of
Biochemistry Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Biochem. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0778
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJBR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 427

Full Length Research Paper

Impact of sickle cell trait on glycated hemoglobin levels in Abidjan

Kouzahon Colombe Jeannine LOHORE
  • Kouzahon Colombe Jeannine LOHORE
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Chibrou Bénédicte YAPO-KEE AKE
  • Chibrou Bénédicte YAPO-KEE AKE
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Louise MOKE
  • Louise MOKE
  • Diabetes Clinic, University Hospital of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Yann Christian ECRABEY
  • Yann Christian ECRABEY
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Benita BOUBERI-NIAVA
  • Benita BOUBERI-NIAVA
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Boni Guy-Martial KOUAME
  • Boni Guy-Martial KOUAME
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Youssouf Ben Soualiho BAMBA
  • Youssouf Ben Soualiho BAMBA
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Treichville, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Foua Jonas VANIE BI
  • Foua Jonas VANIE BI
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, University Hospital Center of Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Germaine NIAMKE
  • Germaine NIAMKE
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, Abidjan Medical School, UFR Sciences Médicales, Félix HOUPHOUËT BOIGNY University, Côte D'ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Konan Gervais KOFFI
  • Konan Gervais KOFFI
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, Abidjan Medical School, UFR Sciences Médicales, Félix HOUPHOUËT BOIGNY University, Côte D'ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Massara CAMARA-CISSE
  • Massara CAMARA-CISSE
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, Abidjan Medical School, UFR Sciences Médicales, Félix HOUPHOUËT BOIGNY University, Côte D'ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Youzan Ferdinand DJOHAN
  • Youzan Ferdinand DJOHAN
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, Abidjan Medical School, UFR Sciences Médicales, Félix HOUPHOUËT BOIGNY University, Côte D'ivoire.
  • Google Scholar
Aké Absalome MONDE
  • Aké Absalome MONDE
  • Biochemistry Laboratory, Abidjan Medical School, UFR Sciences Médicales, Félix HOUPHOUËT BOIGNY University, Côte D'ivoire.
  • Google Scholar


  •  Received: 19 September 2024
  •  Accepted: 13 January 2025
  •  Published: 31 January 2025

Abstract

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a marker for glycemic control and diagnosis in diabetic patients. Sickle cell trait (SCT), characterized by the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS), may interfere with HbA1c formation. This study aimed to determine the impact of sickle cell trait (AS) on HbA1c levels. This cross-sectional analytical study included 94 patients and 76 control subjects over a 12-month period. HbA1c was measured using a chromatographic method, and additional biological parameters were assessed after obtaining informed consent. Statistical analyses included the Student’s t-test, Spearman’s rank correlation, Chi-square (χ²) test, and ANOVA, all applied at a 5% significance level. The mean age of the control and sickle cell trait groups was 35.17 ± 11.35 years and 34.22 ± 11.54 years, respectively. Most participants were female, with a sex ratio of 0.46 in controls and 0.56 in patients. The prevalence of anemia was significantly higher in the sickle cell trait group than in the controls (26.6 vs. 10.5%, P=0.008). HbA1c levels were lower in subjects with sickle cell trait (AS) (4.99 ± 0.65) than in controls (5.56 ± 0.30) among those with normal blood glucose, independent of BMI and hemoglobin levels. Similarly, in individuals with moderate hyperglycemia, HbA1c values followed a similar trend (5.7 ± 0.67 in AA vs. 5.68 ± 0.59 in AS), showing a significant difference (p? 0.0001). HbA1c may underestimate average blood glucose levels in heterozygous Black patients with sickle cell trait, suggesting the need for alternative tests, such as fructosamine levels.
 
Key words: Abidjan, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), sickle cell disease.