African Journal of
Health Sciences and Technology

FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY, COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA
  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Health Sci. Technol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2805-4202
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJHST
  • Start Year: 2019
  • Published Articles: 35

Article in Press

Comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant spike gene from data sequenced during the covid era (2020-2021)

Chakamanga, Munashe K.F. and Bganya, Shepherd

  •  Received: 15 August 2024
  •  Accepted: 27 November 2024
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of numerous SARS-CoV-2 variants, with the Omicron variant posing a significant challenge due to its increased transmissibility and potential immune evasion. This study presents a comparative analysis of the spike gene sequence of the Omicron variant, utilizing data collected during the COVID-19 era from 2020 to 2021. The analysis focused on identifying key mutations and evolutionary changes in the Omicron spike gene compared to earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants. Sequence alignment and bioinformatics techniques were employed to detect patterns of conservation and variability within the spike gene across the study period. The results reveal several notable mutations in the Omicron spike gene, including changes in the receptor-binding domain and other critical regions. These mutations have been linked to the enhanced infectivity and immune evasion capabilities of the Omicron variant. Furthermore, the analysis highlights the dynamic nature of SARS-CoV-2 evolution, with the Omicron variant exhibiting a distinct evolutionary trajectory compared to previous variants. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the genetic and structural characteristics of the Omicron variant, which can inform the development of effective countermeasures, such as updated vaccines and therapeutic interventions. Continuous monitoring and comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants remain crucial for managing the ongoing pandemic and mitigating the impact of emerging variants.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Covid19, VOC, Transmissibility, OMICRON variant, Mutation