African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5238

Full Length Research Paper

Isolation, identification and bioactivity of fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants

Velma Wekesa Nasimiyu
  • Velma Wekesa Nasimiyu
  • Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, Kenya.
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Isabel Nyokabi Wagara
  • Isabel Nyokabi Wagara
  • Department of Biological Sciences, Egerton University, Kenya.
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Meshack Amos Obonyo
  • Meshack Amos Obonyo
  • Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Egerton University, Kenya.
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Josphat Clement Matasyoh
  • Josphat Clement Matasyoh
  • Department of Chemistry, Egerton University, Kenya.
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  •  Received: 27 March 2017
  •  Accepted: 06 April 2018
  •  Published: 07 May 2018

Abstract

Infectious diseases remain a global health burden due to development of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance has led to increased number of deaths among children and adults. This study sought to isolate and identify fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants and screen them and their extracts for bioactivity against selected test human pathogens. Fifty-five fungal endophytes were successfully isolated from fresh leaves of twenty-three medicinal plants from Kakamega forest. The DNA of fungal endophytes was extracted and molecular characterization was done through sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS). The isolated fungal endophytes belonged to nine genera in the Ascomycota group, namely Fusarium, Colletotrichum, Trichothecium, Phomopsis, Pestalotiopsis, Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Phoma, and Chaetomium. Extracts from Aspergillus sp. demonstrated antimicrobial activity at low concentrations of 2.34 µg/ml against B. subtilis and 9.38 µg/ml against Candida tenius; while extracts from Colletotrichum sp. demonstrated antimicrobial activity at moderate concentration (37.5 µg/ml) against B. subtilis in the serial dilution assay. These results show that medicinal plants are a reservoir to a diversity of fungal endophytes that could be exploited as sources of natural products of pharmaceutical importance.

Key words: Antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial, bioactive, fungal endophytes.