Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial profile of Moringa leaf and seed oil extracts against resistant strains of wound pathogens in orthopedic hospitals

Anthony C Mgbeahuruike; Gloria Edeh; Chuma S Eze; Joshua Parker; Samuel Okezie Ekere; Onyinye O Kanu; Esther Dibua

doi:10.5897/AJMR2016.7986

African Journal of
Microbiology Research

Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
Language: English
ISSN: 1996-0808
DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
Start Year: 2007
Published Articles: 5228

Full Length Research Paper

Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial profile of Moringa leaf and seed oil extracts against resistant strains of wound pathogens in orthopedic hospitals

Anthony C Mgbeahuruike

Anthony C Mgbeahuruike
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Gloria Edeh

Gloria Edeh
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Chuma S Eze

Chuma S Eze
Deparment of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Joshua Parker

Joshua Parker
Department of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Samuel Okezie Ekere

Samuel Okezie Ekere
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Onyinye O Kanu

Onyinye O Kanu
Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Esther Dibua

Esther Dibua
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
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Article Number - E77E78266484
Vol.11(39), pp. 1484-1494 , October 2017
https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR2016.7986

Received: 27 February 2016
Accepted: 09 May 2016
Published: 21 October 2017

Abstract

The antimicrobial profile of oil extracts from Moringa oleifera leaves and seeds on orthopaedic wound pathogens was tested and compared with the antimicrobial activity of some antibiotics. The pathogens were characterized using biochemical and morphological tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done on the pathogens using paper discs diffusion method. Plasmid curing was done on the isolates that showed resistance to antibiotics and the Moringa extracts. Time of kill assay was done with modified plating technique. Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 43% of the pathogens followed by Proteus spp. (16%), Klebsiella spp. (15%), Citrobacter spp. (11%), Escherichia coli (8%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6%). Over 80% of the organisms were resistant to the tested antibiotics and their resistance were of plasmid origin. The methanolic leaf oil extract showed highest antimicrobial activity. The activity of the aqueous seed oil extract was significantly higher than the methanolic and ethanolic seed oil extracts (P > 0.05). Viable cell counts of S. aureus and Klebsiella spp. were reduced by the methanolic leaf and aqueous seed oil extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the methanolic leaf and aqueous seed oil extracts compared favourably with the reference antibiotics and can be used as alternatives for treatment of orthopaedic wound infections.