Medicinal plants are extensively used to cure various infectious diseases in human beings, hence Buddleja polystachya Fresen belongs to the family Buddlejaceae (Loganiaceae. B. polystachya is one of the most often used medicinal herbs in, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. The aim of the present review is to examine natural compounds that have been structurally established and are pharmacologically significant. It is used to treat a variety of illnesses, including leprosy, vitiligo, warts, antiprotozoal, bronchial complaints, dysentery, eye, liver diseases, skin inflammation, wound healing, Dingetegia, etc. Chemical constituents commonly found in B. polystachya are phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, iridoids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, anthraquinones, sesquiterpenoids, and saponins, as well as other trace elements. It is known to possess various pharmacological activities like antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticonvulsant, cytotoxic, anti-cancer, adulticidal activity, and anti-inflammatory activity. This review provides morphological, ethnomedical, pharmacological activity, and phytochemical data on the plant B. polystachya which may represent new sources of drugs with stable, biologically active components that can establish a scientific base for the use of plants in modern medicine.

Keywords: Buddleja polystachya, Buddlejaceae (Loganiaceae, Chemical constituents, Pharmacological activity