This research examines the failed accountability mechanisms between La Republique du Cameroun and the British Southern Cameroon and how this has contributed to the Anglophone crisis. This paper adopts the institutional theory of direct and indirect rule to explain the role played by the different actors. The study findings reveal indeed, that a failed relationship between La Republique du Cameroun and the former British Southern Cameroon resulted from lack of an accountability mechanism put in place which has sparked the conflict in the Anglophone regions. It is recommended that the international community prioritize addressing the underlying causes of the conflict, specifically the unresolved question of self-determination for the indigenous populations of the former British Southern Cameroons. Furthermore, it is strongly suggested that the international community facilitate the establishment of a robust accountability mechanism within La Republique du Cameroun. This mechanism should provide a platform for dialogue among relevant stakeholders and include provisions for the imposition of sanctions in cases of non-compliance.

Keywords: Accountability, Anglophone crisis, political conflict, Cameroon, British Southern Cameroon.