International Journal of
Medicine and Medical Sciences

  • Abbreviation: Int. J. Med. Med. Sci.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2006-9723
  • DOI: 10.5897/IJMMS
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 539

Full Length Research Paper

Comparative analysis of immune cell ratios and hemostasis indicators in type 2 diabetic patients in Benin City

Eboselume Osamudiamen Joshua
  • Eboselume Osamudiamen Joshua
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Fidelis Ohiremen Oyakhire
  • Fidelis Ohiremen Oyakhire
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo
  • Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Samson Efenarhua
  • Samson Efenarhua
  • Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.
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Emmanuel Omokheowa Ajakaye–Egwuakhide
  • Emmanuel Omokheowa Ajakaye–Egwuakhide
  • Department of Paediatric, Nuel Specialist Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Emmanuel Onosetale Afeikhena
  • Emmanuel Onosetale Afeikhena
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Adolphus Osakpolor Ogbebor
  • Adolphus Osakpolor Ogbebor
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Emmanuel Ojeideleko Akhaumere
  • Emmanuel Ojeideleko Akhaumere
  • Department of Chemical Pathology, National Hospital, Abuja. Department of Chemical Pathology, National Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Grace Eleojo Obasuyi
  • Grace Eleojo Obasuyi
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Olaniyan Edusola Juliana
  • Olaniyan Edusola Juliana
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Grace Umahi–Ottah
  • Grace Umahi–Ottah
  • Department of Physiology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
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Willians Peter Udoh
  • Willians Peter Udoh
  • Federal College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
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Andre Julin–Paulidor Kamdem
  • Andre Julin–Paulidor Kamdem
  • Department of Haematology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Ugochukwu Oduwe
  • Ugochukwu Oduwe
  • School of Biological, Environmental and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississipi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA.
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Oboigbe Peace Amieghogho
  • Oboigbe Peace Amieghogho
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Aisudo Favour Ebihoro
  • Aisudo Favour Ebihoro
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Chinedum David
  • Chinedum David
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Ibeh–Mark Chinelo Rhoda
  • Ibeh–Mark Chinelo Rhoda
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Osawaru Oghosa Jarvis
  • Osawaru Oghosa Jarvis
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Ifueko Mercy Moses–Otutu
  • Ifueko Mercy Moses–Otutu
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Andre Marie Abouo
  • Andre Marie Abouo
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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  •  Received: 13 December 2024
  •  Accepted: 05 March 2025
  •  Published: 30 April 2025

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder causing hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin action and secretion, can lead to complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of immune cell ratios, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients in Benin City, Nigeria. A total of 80 participants (40 T2DM patients and 40 controls) were enrolled. Using standard methods, hematological and coagulation parameters were assessed, and data were analyzed with SPSS (IBM version 26.0). T2DM patients exhibited significantly increased fasting blood sugar, ESR, white blood cells, neutrophils, and packed cell volume (p<0.05) but a reduced international normalized ratio (INR). PT, INR, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume were higher in diabetic males than females (p<0.05). Hyperglycemia-induced inflammation increased the ESR (p<0.05). Prolonged diabetes duration showed weak correlations with inflammatory and coagulation parameters. The study underscores the systemic inflammatory and hypercoagulable states associated with T2DM, driven by chronic hyperglycemia. The levels of elevated inflammatory markers (ESR) and reduced coagulation times (PT, INR) (p<0.05) observed reflect heightened risks of thrombotic and inflammatory complications in diabetic patients. The findings emphasize the need for regular monitoring of these parameters for better management of diabetes-related complications and for tailoring gender-specific therapeutic interventions.

Key words: Diabetes immune cell ratio, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time.

Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.

This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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