Abstract

To assess dietary practice and its associated factors among type 2 diabetic patients at Bati Primary Hospital using the integrated behavioral model, 2023. A cross-sectional study was carried out within an institution by applying integrated behavioral model. A study was carried out at Bati Primary Hospital, north-central Ethiopia from March 5, 2023, to April 5, 2023. The study used a systematic random sampling technique to select 335 participants, gathered data using a standardized questionnaire that were constructed based on integrated behavioral model, and analyzed using Epi-Data and SPSS. The reliability of items was checked using Cronbach's alpha, and multivariable logistic regression was used. The proportion of good dietary practice was 51.3%. Being female [AOR=3.8, 95% CI: 1.78–8.51], having a medium wealth index [AOR=2.7, 95% CI: 1.05–6.90], having a high wealth index [AOR=3.6, 95% CI: 1.33–9.78], having family support [AOR=3, 95% CI: 1.42–6.76], getting diabetic education [AOR=6.9, 95% CI: 1.53–31.82], having good knowledge on dietary practice [AOR=3, 95% CI: 1.51–6.55], availability of fruits [AOR=2.3, 95%CI: 1.01–5.35], instrumental attitude [AOR=1.3, 95% CI: 1.18–1.62], perceived behavioral control [AOR=1.1,95%CI:1.03–1.23], self-efficacy [AOR=1.2, 95% CI: 1.04–1.48] and intention [AOR=1.1, 95% CI: 1.00–1.30] were significant predictors of good dietary practice.  The study found that a low percentage of type 2 diabetes patients followed a healthy diet.  Factors like being female, having a medium or high wealth index, having family support, getting diabetic education, having good knowledge, availability of fruits, instrumental attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), self-efficacy, and intention were significantly associated with good dietary practice in type 2 DM patients. 

Key words: Dietary practice, knowledge, integrated behavioral model, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abbreviation

ADA, American Diabetes Association; AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; DM, diabetes mellitus; ETB, Ethiopian Birr; GI, glycemic index; HIV, human immune deficiency virus; HTN, hypertension; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; IBM, integrated behavioral model; NCDs, non-communicable diseases; OPD, outpatient department; PI, principal investigator; SPSS, Statistical Package for Social Sciences; TPB, theory of planned behavior.