ISABB Journal of
Food and Agricultural Sciences

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF AFRICAN BIOTECHNOLOGISTS AND BIOSCIENTISTS
  • Abbreviation: ISABB. J. Food and Agric. Sci.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1937-3244
  • DOI: 10.5897/ISABB-JFAS
  • Start Year: 2011
  • Published Articles: 38

Full Length Research Paper

Occurrence of aflatoxin in the kernels of Irvingia gabonensis (Aubry – Lecomte ex O’ Rorke) Baill sold in parts of Nigeria

DURU Christopher Maduabuchi
  • DURU Christopher Maduabuchi
  • Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
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MBATA Theodore Ikechukwu
  • MBATA Theodore Ikechukwu
  • School of Industrial and Applied sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
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OSIKWE Azuka Keziah
  • OSIKWE Azuka Keziah
  • School of Industrial and Applied sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
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UKOMA Augustina Adamma
  • UKOMA Augustina Adamma
  • Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
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AJURUCHI Vivian Chioma
  • AJURUCHI Vivian Chioma
  • Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, P. M. B. 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
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  •  Received: 28 October 2019
  •  Accepted: 26 March 2020
  •  Published: 31 October 2020

Abstract

A food safety surveillance study was conducted on the kernels of Irvingia gabonensis sold in the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria. The aim was to ascertain the biosafety of the staple soup thickener. The study was conducted for three years between the months of June and October 2016 and 2018. It screened for the presence of aflatoxin and the associated mycoflora, using standard laboratory methods. The result showed the presence of aflatoxin and the aflatoxigenic fungus; Aspergillus flavus in all the test location samples. The contents per kilograms are Abuja (FCT): 9.5 ± 0.00 µg/kg, 9.6 ± 0.0 µg/kg and 9.4 ± 0.23 µg/kg AFB1 µg/kg for 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively; others are Bauchi State  (9.5 ± 0.12, 9.7 ± 9.31 and 9.3 ± 0.00 µg/kg), Benue state (20.36 ± 0.16, 20.35 ± 0.12 and 20.37 ± 0.06 µg/kg), Edo state (14.32 ± 0.65, 14.31 ± 0.06 and 14.33 ± 0.33 µg/kg), Imo state (13.58 ± 0.46, 13.56 ± 0.48 and 13.6 ± 20.33 µg/kg), Kebbi State (9.5 ± 0.23, 9.6 ± 0.34 and 9.4 ± 0.68 µg/kg), Lagos State (16.32 ± 0.36, 16.37 ± 0.33 and 16.25 ± 1.62 µg/kg), Plateau State (9.5 ± 0.32, 9.8 ± 0.00 and 9.3 ± 2.66 µg/kg), Rivers State (16.08 ± 0.64, 16.02 ± 0.44 and16.06 ± 20.33 µg/kg) and Sokoto State (9.5 ± 0.64, 9.3 ± 0.86 and  9.7 ± 2.37 µg/kg). The severity indices stood at, Abuja (FCT) (31.0, 31.5 and 30.6), Bauchi state (31, 32.0 and 30.1), Benue state (60.5, 60.6 and 60.6), Edo state 48.2, 48.2 and 48.3), Imo state 46.1, 46.1 and 46.0), Kebbi state  (31.0, 31.5 and 30.6), Lagos state (53.1, 53.2 and 52.8), Plateau state (31.0, 32.4 and 30.1), Rivers state (52.6, 52.4 and 52.5) and Sokoto State (31.0, 29.6 and 32.0). Proper sanitary supervision, display of food items in glass showcase, screening same and placing safety label before releasing to the public is advocated.

 

Key words: Aflatoxin, mycoflora, Aspergillus flavus, Irvingia gabonensis.