Abstract

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (excessive amount of glucose) and is associated with abnormal lipid and protein metabolism.This was the first study done in Vindhyan region. The population size selected in this study was 400 (190 cases of diabetes and 210 healthy control). Anthropometric data was collected during sample collection. Genetic polymorphism study of ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1(ENPP1) was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and the observed genotype frequencies, allele frequencies and carriage rates for ENPP1 K121Q polymorphism. We found an overall distribution of ENPP1 K121Q genotypes which was not significantly different in the healthy control (HC) group as compared to the disease group. Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disorder; so, we can conclude that in our population, ENPP1 is not associated with type 2 diabetes pathophysiology in Central Indian population. Higher body mass index (BMI) is an indicator of obesity, and in this investigation we found out that BMI is significantly higher in female diabetic patients group as compared to healthy control females (P = 0.0388); meanwhile in male patients, BMI was not significantly different in case and control samples. This indicates that obesity could also be associated with type 2 diabetes. Smoking and physical activity data was generated through questionnaire organized during sampling, and the findings suggest that physical activity could be a protective factor which decrease diabetes susceptibility, meanwhile smoking have very little or no effect over diabetes susceptibility.

Key words: Type 2 diabetes, obesity, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/ phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), physical activity.