Full Length Research Paper
References
Abdullahi I, Bayang F, Garba H, Haladu S, Ndububa OI, Tsoho, U (2014). Gubi Water Treatment Plant as a Source of Water Supply in Bauchi Township. American Journal of Engineering Research 3(6):107-119. |
|
Adedokun AH, Njoku KL, Akinola MO, Adesuyi AA, Jolaoso AO (2016). Potential Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Intake via Consumption of some Leafy Vegetables obtained from Four Market in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management 20(3):530-539. |
|
Adeleken BA, Abegunde KD (2011). Heavy Metals Contamination of Soil and Groundwater at Automobile Mechanic Villages in Ibadan Nigeria. International Journal of Physical Science 6(5):1045-1058. |
|
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (1998). Toxicological Profile for Chromium. U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. |
|
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) (2024). Toxicological Profile for Copper. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. |
|
Akan JC, Abdulrahman FI, Ogugbuaja VO, Ayodele JT (2009). Heavy Metals and Anion Levels in Some Samples of Vegetable Grown Within the Vicinity of Challawa Industrial Area Kano State Nigeria. American Journal of Applied Sciences 6(3):534-542. |
|
Akan JC, Kolo BG, Yikala BS, Ogugbuaja VO (2013). Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Vegetable Samples from Biu Local Government Area Borno State North Eastern Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis 1(2):40-46. |
|
Akan JC, Zakari M, Ayuba M J, Wayar HB, Shettima MA (2021). Levels and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil and Different Varieties of Rice from Jere Agricultural Locations Borno State Northeastern Nigeria. Journal of Chemistry Letters 2:96-113. |
|
Alexander P, Ubandoma WH (2014). Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Selected Edible Vegetables Grown along River Yedzaram in Uba area Adamawa State Nigeria. African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry 8(4):78-82. |
|
Arise RO, Idowu OA, Farohunbi ST, Abubakar FA (2015). Levels of Some Metals and Earthworm Phosphatase Activities in the Soil around Odo-Efo River, Ilorin, Kwara State. Centre Point Journal (Science Edition) 21(1):88-105. |
|
Ashraf I, Ahmad SA, Raza AA, Teng H (2021). Heavy metals assessment in water soil vegetables and their associated health risks via consumption of vegetables District Kasur Pakistan. SN Applied Sciences 3:552. |
|
Babandi A, Atiku MK, Alhassan AJ, Ibrahim A, Shehu D (2012). Level of heavy metals in soil and some vegetables irrigated with industrial waste water around Sharada Industrial area Kano Nigeria. Chemsearch Journal 3(2):34-38. |
|
Barau BW, Abdulhameed A, Ezra AG, Muhammad M, Kyari EM, Bawa U, Yuguda AU (2018). Heavy Metal Contamination of Some Vegetables from Pesticides and the Potential Health Risk in Bauchi Northern Nigeria. AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology 7(1):1-11. |
|
Calace N, Petronio BM, Picciolo M, Pietroletti M (2002). Heavy metal uptake by barley growing in polluted soils: relationship with heavy metal speciation in soils. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33(1-2):103-115. |
|
Chen Y, Zhao J, Chen X, Zheng L (2024). Analysis of the Source Apportionment and Pathways of Heavy Metals in Soil in a Coal Mining Area Based on Machine Learning and an APCS-MLR Model. Minerals 14(1):54. |
|
Chinthalapally VR, Sanya P, Altaf M, Mudassir F, Mark PD, Adam SA, Hiroshi YY (2017). Biological effects and epidemiological consequences of arsenic exposure, and reagents that can ameliorate arsenic damage in vivo. Oncotarget 8(34):57605-57621. |
|
Collins JF (2014). Copper. In: Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL, Ziegler TR, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 11th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. pp. 206-216. |
|
FAO/WHO (1995). Evaluation of certain food Additives and Contaminants. Geneva World Health Organization Joint FAO/WHOExpert Committee on Food Additives. World Health Organization Technical Report Series 859:29-35. |
|
FAO/WHO (2011). Food Standard Programme Codex Committee on Contaminants Food Fifth Session. The Hague Netherlands. |
|
FAO/WHO (2013). Guidelines for the safe use of Wastewater and Food Stuff Wastewater use in Agriculture. Report by WHO Switzerland, Geneva P. 988. |
|
Gebreyohannes F, Gebrekidan A (2018). Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals via Consumption of Spinach Vegetable Grown in Elalla River. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 32(1):65-75. |
|
Hu Y, You M, Liu G, Dong Z (2021). Characteristics and potential ecological risks of heavy metal pollution in surface soil around coal-fired power plant. Environmental Earth Sciences 80(17):566. |
|
Järup L (2003). Hazards of heavy metal contamination. British Medical Bulletin 68(1):167-182. |
|
Kusal KD, Chandramouli RR, Ishwar BB, Swastika D, Shrilaxmi B, Lata M, Jyoti PK, Biradar MS (2018). Primary concept of nickel toxicity - an overview. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology 30(2):141-152. |
|
Lei M, Zhang Y, Khan S, Qin PF, Liao BH (2010). Pollution fractionation, and mobility of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in garden and peddy soils from a Pn/Zn mining area. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 168:215-222. |
|
Liang Y, Xiaoyun Y, Zhi D, Qin W, Houmei L, Jie T (2017). Heavy Metal Contamination and Health Risk Assessment in the Vicinity of a Tailing Pond in Guangdong China. International Journal of Environmental Resources and Public Health 14(1557):1-17. |
|
Lushenko MA (2010). A risk assessment for ingestion of toxic chemicals in fish from Imperial beach, California. Doctoral dissertation, San Diego State University. |
|
Mansur UD, Jazuli A (2007). Irrigation and Heavy Metals Pollution in Soils under Urban and Peri-Urban Agricultural Systems. International Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 1(3):37-42. |
|
Most LB, Umme HBN, Razib H, Ashiqur R (2019). Levels of Heavy Metals in Soil and Vegetables and Health Risk Assessment. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research 8(7):770-775. |
|
Nanven ND, Egila JN, Lohdip YN (2015). Heavy Metal Concentrations in Some Vegetables Grown in a Farm Treated with Urban Solid Waste in Kuru Jantar Nigeria. British Journal of Applied Science and Technology 8(2):139-147. |
|
New Jersey Health of Department (NJ-Health) (2012). Right to know Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet. New Jersey. |
|
Otitoju O, Akpanabiatu MI, Otitoju GTO, Ndem JI, Uwah AF, Akpanyung EO, Ekanem JT (2012). Heavy Metal Contamination of Green Leafy Vegetable Gardens in Itam Road Construction Site in Uyo, Nigeria. Research Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 4(4):371-375. |
|
Qi M, Wu Y, Zhang S, Li G, An T (2023). Pollution Profiles Source Identification and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil near a Non-Ferrous Metal Smelting Plant. International Journal of Environmental Resources Public Health 20:1004. |
|
Shaheen N, Irfan NMD, Khan IN, Saiful-Islam MD, Ahmed K (2016). Presence of Heavy Metals in Fruits and Vegetables: Health risk implications in Bangladesh. Chemosphere 152:431-438. |
|
Sharma RK, Agrawal M, Marshall FM (2009). Heavy metals in vegetables collected from production and market sites of a tropical urban area of India. Food Chemical Toxicology 47(3):583-591. |
|
Shittu AM, Ansar BA, Shamsu AI, Abubakar A, Abdullahi JA, Nasiru AM (2024). Determination of heavy Metals in Soil of Farin Gada Vegetable Farm Jos North Local Government Plateau State Nigeria. International Research Journal of Chemistry 1:7-12. |
|
Ullah N, Ur Rehman M, Ahmad B, Ali I, Younas M, Aslam MS, Atta-ur Rahman Ensiyeh T, Ali F, Mashallah R (2022). Assessment of heavy metals accumulation in agricultural soil vegetables and associated health risks. PLoS ONE 17(6):1-14. |
|
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (1989). Risk-assessment guidance for superfund. Volume 1. Human health evaluation manual. Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response Washington, DC (USA). |
|
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (1996). United State Environmental Protection Agency. Quantitative uncertainty analysis of superfund Residential Risk pathway model for soil and ground water: white paper. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Oak Ridge TN USA. |
|
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2011). United State Environmental Protection Agency. Regional Screening Level (RSL) summary table. Washinton, DC |
|
US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (2015). Risk Based Screening Composite Table. Human Health Evaluation Manual Part A: Table 0615. Washington DC USA. |
|
Uwah EI, Ndahi NP, Abdulrahman FI, Ogugbuaja VO (2011). Heavy Metal Levels in Spinach (Amaranthus caudatus) and Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) grown in Maiduguri Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology 3(10):264-271. |
|
Uwumarongie-Ilori EG, Aisueni NO, Sulaiman-lobu BB, Ekhator F Eneje RC, Efetie-Osie A (2012). Immobilization effect of cow dung on lead and chromium in soil cultivated with oil palm. Bulletin of Environment Pharmacology and Life Sciences 1(9):74-80. |
|
Wang XT, Sato Xing B, Tao S (2005). Health Risk of Heavy Metals to the General Public in Tiajin China via Consumption of Vegetables and Fish. Science of Total Environment Publication 350(1-3):28-37. |
|
WHO (2007). Health risks of heavy metals from long-range transboundary air pollution. In Health risks of heavy metals from long-range transboundary air pollution |
|
WHO (2011). Safety evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants in food. Prepared by the Seventy-third meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), Nutrition and Food Safety (NFS), Standards & Scientific Advice on Food Nutrition (SSA) 543p. |
|
Wuana RA, Eneji IS, Naku JU (2016). Single and mixed chelants - assisted phytoextraction of heavy metals in municipal waste dump soil by castor. Advance Environmental Resources 5:19-35. |
|
Yisa AG, Oziamo AS, Chukwu MN, Aletan UI, Oniye SJ, Adams AE, Adaora O, Saliu OA, Blessingb E, Stephen O, Ayodeji IO (2024). Health risk assessment of lead and cadmium in roadside roasted corn from selected areas of Bwari Local Government Area, FCT, Nigeria. UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research 9(1):84-92. |
|
Zakari M, Shettima MA, Wayar HB, Ayuba MM, Akan JC (2022). Determination of some heavy metals in soil and vegetable samples from Gonglung agricultural location of Jere Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Journal of Chemistry Letters 3(4):174-180. |
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0