Abstract

Management of organic and inorganic fertilizer application and residual of them are very important in their effect on environment and plant yield in order to determine the effect of drought stress and different amendments on flower, essential oil and chamazulene yield and yield components of Chamomilla recutita (L.). Rauschert, this study was conducted in split plot design with three replications during 2007 to 2009 at University of Zabol. Treatment included W₁(non stress), W₂ (75% FC) and W₃ (50% FC) as main plot and three kind of residual’s fertilizers: F₁ (non fertilizer), F₂ (chemical fertilizer), F₃ (manure fertilizer) and F₄ (compost) as sub plot that is used in the first year. Results showed that water stress at W₃ treatment reduced dry and fresh flower yield at both years. Low drought stress increased essential oil and chamazulene yield however high drought stress decreased these variable. Chemical fertilizer caused to make the highest yield and essential oil in the first year, but in the second year that had no difference with control treatment (without fertilizer). The residue of animal manure and compost enhanced flower, oil and chamazulene yield at the second year. In addition, animal manure and compost under drought stress in the first year and under all water conditions in the second year reach the best quantitative and qualitative yield and application of them was recommendable.

Key words: Chamomilla recutita, essential oil, chamazulene, animal manure.