Full Length Research Paper
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to impaired insulin action and secretion, leading to complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. This study aimed to assess lipid profile levels and their correlation with the atherogenic index in patients with type 2 diabetes in Benin City. Ninety participants (60 with type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy controls), aged 29-60, were examined. Serum lipid profiles were measured spectrophotometrically, and the atherogenic index was calculated. The results indicated a significantly reduced atherogenic coefficient (p≤0.05) in the diabetic group compared to the controls, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly elevated. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), atherogenic index of plasma, or Castelli risk indices between the groups. Lipid profiles and the atherogenic index were not gender-sensitive. In individuals with 0-5 years of diabetes duration, triglycerides, the atherogenic index, and Castelli risk I were significantly elevated. A strong positive correlation was found between total cholesterol, triglycerides, and the atherogenic index (p≤0.05), except for HDL, which showed a weak negative association. Regular monitoring and management of metabolic profiles may help slow disease progression.
Key words: Diabetes, Lipid profile, atherosclerosis, atherogenic coefficient, atherogenic index of plasma.
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