Journal of
Medical Laboratory and Diagnosis

  • Abbreviation: J. Med. Lab. Diagn.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-2618
  • DOI: 10.5897/JMLD
  • Start Year: 2010
  • Published Articles: 61

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation and correlation of lipid profile variations with atherogenic index in Type II diabetic patients in Benin City, South-South, Nigeria

Emmanuel Onosetale Afeikhena
  • Emmanuel Onosetale Afeikhena
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Fidelis Ohiremen Oyakhire
  • Fidelis Ohiremen Oyakhire
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo
  • Babatunde Ishola Gabriel Adejumo
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Iria Kelly Esezobor
  • Iria Kelly Esezobor
  • Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji-Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria.
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Samson Efenarhua
  • Samson Efenarhua
  • Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.
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Uche Cletus Odionyenma
  • Uche Cletus Odionyenma
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Medical Science, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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Adewale Adegboyega Oke
  • Adewale Adegboyega Oke
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Allied Health Sciences, McPherson University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
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Nkechi Augustina Olise
  • Nkechi Augustina Olise
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Aigbokan Akhere Caleb
  • Aigbokan Akhere Caleb
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Eboselume Osamudiamen Joshua
  • Eboselume Osamudiamen Joshua
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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Egho Eseoghene Valentine
  • Egho Eseoghene Valentine
  • Department of Clinical Chemistry, Edo Specialist Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
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  •  Received: 24 August 2024
  •  Accepted: 20 December 2024
  •  Published: 31 January 2025

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels due to impaired insulin action and secretion, leading to complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. This study aimed to assess lipid profile levels and their correlation with the atherogenic index in patients with type 2 diabetes in Benin City. Ninety participants (60 with type 2 diabetes and 30 healthy controls), aged 29-60, were examined. Serum lipid profiles were measured spectrophotometrically, and the atherogenic index was calculated. The results indicated a significantly reduced atherogenic coefficient (p≤0.05) in the diabetic group compared to the controls, while high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly elevated. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), atherogenic index of plasma, or Castelli risk indices between the groups. Lipid profiles and the atherogenic index were not gender-sensitive. In individuals with 0-5 years of diabetes duration, triglycerides, the atherogenic index, and Castelli risk I were significantly elevated. A strong positive correlation was found between total cholesterol, triglycerides, and the atherogenic index (p≤0.05), except for HDL, which showed a weak negative association. Regular monitoring and management of metabolic profiles may help slow disease progression.

Key words: Diabetes, Lipid profile, atherosclerosis, atherogenic coefficient, atherogenic index of plasma.