Effects of the stem barks aqueous extract of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) on acute and chronic gastric ulcers rats models

Christophe Mezui*; Frida Longo; Paul Tan; Celine Nkenfou; Ntsayo Fokou; Hamani Salou

doi:10.5897/JMPR2015.5762

Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research

Abbreviation: J. Med. Plants Res.
Language: English
ISSN: 1996-0875
DOI: 10.5897/JMPR
Start Year: 2007
Published Articles: 3843

Full Length Research Paper

Effects of the stem barks aqueous extract of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Loganiaceae) on acute and chronic gastric ulcers rats models

Christophe Mezui*

Christophe Mezui*
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Training Teachers? College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Frida Longo

Frida Longo
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Training Teachers? College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Paul Tan

Paul Tan
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Celine Nkenfou

Celine Nkenfou
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Training Teachers? College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Ntsayo Fokou

Ntsayo Fokou
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Training Teachers? College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Hamani Salou

Hamani Salou
Department of Biological Sciences, Higher Training Teachers? College, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 047, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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Article Number - 2364C5653871
Vol.9(23), pp. 674-680 , June 2015
https://doi.org/10.5897/JMPR2015.5762

Received: 08 February 2015
Accepted: 17 March 2015
Published: 17 June 2015

Abstract

Anthocleista schweinfurthii is used in the traditional management of gastro-duodenal ulcers; this led us to evaluate the gastro-cytoprotective and healing effects of this plant. Anti-ulcer activity of the stem barks aqueous extract of A. schweinfurthii (EAS) was evaluated using five methods: HCl/ethanol; indomethacin-HCl/ethanol; absolute ethanol; pylorus-ligated (acute gastric lesions); and acetic acid-induced chronic ulcers in rats. The parameters assessed were mucus production, gastric ulcer index, pH, acid concentration and volume of gastric contents. Sucralfate, cimetidine and ranitidine were used as the reference anti-ulcer drugs. In all cases, oral administration of EAS (250 and 500 mg/kg), dose-dependently, prevented gastric lesion formation (p<0.001). Generally, this cytoprotective action was accompanied by significant increases in gastric mucus production. Intraperitoneal indomethacin (30 mg/kg) significantly reduced mucus production but did not reduce the cytoprotective effect. In pylorus ligation, the extract did not reduce acidity and volume of gastric juice compared to controls. All doses of the extract showed a highly significant (p<0.001) reduction of ulceration with a healing rate over 90%. This study indicates that A. schweinfurthii possesses significant anti-ulcer activity and these results are substantiated by the histopathological examination of the ulcerated stomachs.

Key words: Gastric, ulcer, cytoprotection, Anthocleista schweinfurthii, Loganiaceae.