Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research

  • Abbreviation: J. Med. Plants Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0875
  • DOI: 10.5897/JMPR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 3842

Full Length Research Paper

Anti-bacterial activity of secondary metabolites from Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium

Caroline J. Kosgei
  • Caroline J. Kosgei
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536-20115 Egerton, Kenya.
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Festus Tolo
  • Festus Tolo
  • Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Josphat C. Matasyoh
  • Josphat C. Matasyoh
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536-20115 Egerton, Kenya.
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Meshack Obonyo
  • Meshack Obonyo
  • Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Egerton University, P. O. Box 536-20115 Egerton, Kenya.
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Peter Mwitari
  • Peter Mwitari
  • Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Lucia Keter
  • Lucia Keter
  • Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Richard Korir
  • Richard Korir
  • Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Beatrice Irungu
  • Beatrice Irungu
  • Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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  •  Received: 06 December 2019
  •  Accepted: 24 February 2020
  •  Published: 30 June 2021

Abstract

This study evaluated antibacterial activity of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium (pyrethrum) flower dichloromethane crude extract, fractions and isolated compounds; pyrethrin II, jasmolin I and cinerolone against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella sonnei. The isolated compounds were obtained by carrying out column chromatography on dichloromethane extract and purifying the fractions using preparative High Perfomance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR. The bioactivity of crude extract, fractions and isolated compounds were determined using disc diffusion assay at a concentration of 100 mg/mL. The MIC and MBC were determined using microdilution method. The bioassay results showed that individually isolated compounds were not active on all the micro-organisms except Jasmolin I which showed slight activity on P. aeruginosa with 7.7±0.6 mm. There was significant difference in the activity of the isolated compounds as a mixture and the activity of individual compounds on MRSA, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, with P= 0.01, P= 0.0002, P= 0.0007 respectively (α =0.05, Tukey’s test). Isolated compounds and isolated compounds as a mixture in a ratio of (1:1:1) were not active on S. sonnie. Those fractions and isolated compounds which caused inhibition zones of above 10 mm were subjected to MIC and MBC. The lowest MIC and MBC observed was for fraction 3 against MRSA which were 6.5 and 12.5 mg/mL respectively. The compound mixture had MIC and MBC of 25 and 50 mg/ml respectively against P. aeruginosa.

Key words: MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), MBC (minimum bacteriostatic concentration), bioassay, Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium, Jasmolin, Pyrethrin II, Cinerolone.