Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research

  • Abbreviation: J. Med. Plants Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0875
  • DOI: 10.5897/JMPR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 3839

Full Length Research Paper

Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of the ethanol extract of Momordica charantia L. and the identification of charantine by gas chromatography coupled with Mass spectrometry

Snelle Miakayizila Baonda
  • Snelle Miakayizila Baonda
  • Unit of Chemistry of Plant and of the Life, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien N’GOUABI University, B.P. 69, Brazzaville Congo.
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Celestine Nkounkou Loumpangou
  • Celestine Nkounkou Loumpangou
  • Unit of Chemistry of Plant and of the Life, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien N’GOUABI University, B.P. 69, Brazzaville Congo.
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Raoul Ampa
  • Raoul Ampa
  • Unit of Chemistry of Plant and of the Life, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien N’GOUABI University, B.P. 69, Brazzaville Congo.
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Arnold Murphy Elouma Ndinga
  • Arnold Murphy Elouma Ndinga
  • Unit of Chemistry of Plant and of the Life, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien N’GOUABI University, B.P. 69, Brazzaville Congo.
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Longin Justin Clair Bonazaba Milandou
  • Longin Justin Clair Bonazaba Milandou
  • Unit of Chemistry of Plant and of the Life, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien N’GOUABI University, B.P. 69, Brazzaville Congo.
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Myriam Bonose
  • Myriam Bonose
  • Paris sud university, lip (Sys)2, LETIAM, IUT of Orsay, Plateau de moulon, 91400 Orsay, France.
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Jean Maurille Ouamba
  • Jean Maurille Ouamba
  • Unit of Chemistry of Plant and of the Life, Faculty of Sciences and Technology Marien N’GOUABI University, B.P. 69, Brazzaville Congo.
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  •  Received: 22 February 2019
  •  Accepted: 03 June 2019
  •  Published: 25 July 2019

Abstract

The aerial parts of Momordica charantia L. are very often used in traditional Congolese medicine for their multiple virtues. Our study focused on the identification of a well-known antidiabetic molecule: the charantine and also the antidiabetic properties of the ethanol extract of M. charantia L. After being treated with MSTFA (N-Methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide) and using gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry, the analysis of the extract of the leafy stem of M. charantia L., var abreviata, harvested in Brazzaville (Congo) led to the identification of a recognized antidiabetic molecule stigmasterol glucoside or β sitosterol: the charantine. When testing the ethanolic extract on albino Wistar rats that were made diabetic by injecting the  streptozotocin, this reduces glycemia significantly by 51.62%  after three hours. The significant results of the antidiabetic tests and the identification of the charantine in the plant justify its use in the traditional medicine in Congo Brazzaville.

Key words: Momordica charantia L, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, charantine, antidiabetic.