May 2012
Chemotherapeutic and economic potentials of some laticiferous plants
Information on medicinal properties of plants used in traditional medicine is very complex and the literature review is scattered and diverse. It covers data on the plants concerned, their chemical constituents, ethnobotanical and toxico-pharmacological information. The objective of this review is to identify the various laticiferous plants, their medicinal uses and toxicity. Key words: Laticiferous...
May 2012
Bidens pilosa L.: Agricultural and pharmaceutical importance
Bidens pilosa is a cosmopolitan, annual herb which originates from tropical and Central America. Its hardiness, explosive reproductive potential, and ability to thrive in almost any environment have enabled it to establish throughout the world. Generally introduced unintentionally through agriculture or sometimes intentionally for ornamental purposes, B. pilosa is a major crop weed, threat to native...
May 2012
The anatomical properties of two Onosma L. (Boraginaceae) species from Turkey
In this study, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Onosma frutescens Lam. and Onosma inexspectata Teppner were investigated. O. inexspectata is an endemic species. Both examined species have secondary root structure, and cortex is multilayered and composed of parenchymatical cells. While, xylem is composed of sclerenchymatic cells and tracheary elements in roots of O....
May 2012
Ultrasonic-assisted extraction flavonoids and ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals from medlar (a Miller) leaves and fruits
The extraction technique of flavonoids from the tender leaves and fruits of medlar (Lycium chinense Miller) were investigated, and ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals of both was compared. Through single-factor and the L9 (34) orthogonaldesign, the optimal extraction parameters were determined. The results showed that the flavonoids content was significantly...
May 2012
Comparative evaluation of copper, cobalt, cadmium and iron scavenging efficiency by in-vivo and in-vitro grown Momordica charantia using atomic absorption spectroscopy
Phytoextraction, the use of hyperaccumulator plant species to scavenge toxic heavy metals from contaminated soils are considered as an emerging technique for cost effective and environment friendly detoxification. The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the scavenging efficiency of in-vivo and in-vitro grown Momordica charantia for the uptake of copper, cobalt,...
May 2012
Experimental Cassia senna intoxication in Lohmann broiler chicks
The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of Cassia senna fruits in Lohman broiler chicks. Chicks fed with diet containing 2 and 5% C. senna fruit for 4 weeks, thereafter the chicks in the two groups were fed with control diet for 2 weeks. Depression in body weight, weight gain, inefficiency of feed utilization and anaemia was observed in chicks fed with 2 and...
May 2012
Antioxidant characteristics of different solvent extracts from almond (Prunus dulcis L.) shell
The extracts from almond (var. katha badam and kaghzi badam) shell, produced by different extraction solvents (80% methanol, 100% methanol, 80% ethanol, and 100% ethanol), were investigated for their antioxidant activity and total phenolic (TP) contents. Antioxidant activity (AA) of the extracts was determined by measuring the reducing power, inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation...
May 2012
Enhance production of 20-hydroxyecdysone in cell suspension cultures of Vitex glabrata R.Br. by elicitor feeding
The effects of chitosan and methyl jasmonate on growth and 20-hydroxyecdysone production in cell suspension cultures of Vitex glabrata, a medicinal plant in Thailand, were investigated. Elicitation with chitosan at 50 mg/L resulted in 17.16 g/L biomass and 377.09 mg/100 g dry weight (DW) 20-hydroxyecdysone, which were 1.62 and 8.33 times higher than the control cultures, respectively....
May 2012
High frequency shoot regeneration and plant establishment of Rauvolfia serpentina: An endangered medicinal plant
An efficient method was developed for high frequency shoot regeneration and plant establishment from nodal segment explants of Rauvolfia serpentina. Among the three different cytokinins (6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kin) and 2-isopentenyl adenine (2-iP)) tested as supplements to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, BA at 5.0 μM concentration was found effective in inducing multiple shoots. Effects of different...
May 2012
An efficient regeneration from petiole derived callus of male and female spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb. ex. Willd.)
Spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb. ex. Willd.) is a delicious vegetable of south Asia. Its commercial cultivation is limited by vegetative mode of propagation and dioecious nature. An efficient in vitro regeneration protocol was developed from petiole derived callus of male and female plants. About 88.2% male and 95.5% of female petiole explants derived from one year old in vivo grown...
May 2012
Callus induction and plant regeneration of Michelia champaca (Magnoliaceae): A multipurpose tree
Michelia champaca callus was induced from axillary bud explants cultured onto Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxins (IAA and 2,4-D) and cytokinin (BAP) as plant growth regulators. It was observed that callus of M. champaca could be induced on MS media supplemented with 0.0 - 2.0 mg/l IAA, 0.0 - 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D, and 0.0 - 2.0 mg/l BAP, respectively. All...
May 2012
Effects of the application of organic manure and biofertilizer on the fruit yield and yield components in Dill (Anethum graveolens)
The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of organic manure and biofertilizer on the fruit yield and yield components in the dill plant height, umbel number per plant, weight of 1000 seeds, biologicals and fruit yield. The experiment was carried out at the Hamand Research Station in Damavand in 2011. Vermicompost (0, 4, 8 and 12 ton/ha) and biofertilizer, mixture of Azotobacter...
May 2012
The study of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of the five edible plants
The anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of the five edible plants (floral herbal tea, FHT) commonly utilized as a drink in Guangdong of China were discussed. Firstly, DPPH and ABTS methods were used to determine antioxidant activity of methanolic extract from floral herbal tea (MEFH). Subsequently, the relationship between total content of phenol and flavonoids with respect to antioxidant activity were...
May 2012
The role of biofertilizers and/or some micronutrients on wheat plant (Triticum aestivum L.) growth in newly reclaimed soil
The effect of biofertilizers (inoculation with different bacterial isolates), foliar spraying with some micronutrients and their interaction on growth, physiological parameters and nutrients content of wheat plants grown on new reclaimed soil were studied. The growth parameters, some physiological parameters and nutrient contents of wheat plants were significantly increased by inoculating wheat grains with different...
May 2012
Effect of pomegranate pretreatment on genotoxicity and hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in male rats
Several in vivo studies had documented that pomegranate plant had antioxidants that were powerful and beneficial to overall health. They were called polyphenols and flavonoids. It was also a highly regarded defender against free-radicals in the body. In the present study, the anti-oxidant properties of pomegranate peel and seed (diet or extract) were investigated in CCl4 – induced rat genotoxicity...
May 2012
Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of wine grapes and table grapes
The polyphenols and total antioxidant activities of four wine grapes (Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabenet Franc, Merlot, Cabernet Gernischt) and four table grapes (Muscat, Red Globe, Vitis labruscana Kyoho, Milk grape) were determined and compared. The concentrations of phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanins and resveratrol of 8 grape varieties were examined. The antioxidant activity including diphenyl picrylhydrazyl radical...
May 2012
Comparative studies on anticoagulant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Euphorbia heterophylla and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA)
Laboratory anticoagulants have certain drawbacks. For example, heparin has no preservative property on whole blood because its anticoagulant properties are neutralized by plasma while ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is toxic and damages platelets. The search for novel anticoagulants therefore became necessary. The effect of the extract of Euphorbia heterophylla and tripotassium...
May 2012
Effect of different pretreatment on callus formation from anther in balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.)
The effect of different pretreatment on callus induction from anther in three cultivars of balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) was investigated. The results showed that cold pretreatment was the best for anther callus induction, and followed by heat shock, while centrifugation had no significant effect on callus induction from anther. Cold pretreatment for 24 h proved to be optimal as it significantly...
May 2012
Evaluation of traditional plant extraction methods used by traditional healers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Extraction methods of plant material used by traditional healers to treat various ailments fall under four categories. Maceration, diffusion, digestion and decoction are methods most frequently employed by the traditional healers. These methods were obtained from interviews with traditional healers using structured questionnaires at the Durban and Isipingo muthi markets located in KwaZulu-Natal, South...
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