Insights from Cuba's Public Health Achievements: Implications for African Countries
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Cuba's health system has enabled remarkable population health achievements despite resource limitations. This analysis explores Cuba's model to discern insights for healthcare reform in developing nations seeking to enhance access and equity. A scoping review was conducted to synthesize existing literature on Cuba's health system post-1959 revolution. Policy documents were analyzed to trace systemic reforms. Quantitative...
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Background: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak is one of the public health problems that pose a serious mental health concern due to its high morbidity and mortality rate. It has increased the burden of psychological distress in the communities. This study aimed to systematically review the distress of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological distress and its associated factors among the predominantly Ethiopian...
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A number of researchers are using the telephone technology to collect the data. . COVID-19 pandemic has affected human communication behaviour, health, relationships and other related features adversely. The aim of this study is to check the feasibility of biomedical data collection with the help of telephonic technology during COVID-19 pandemic. The cross-sectional feasibility study was conducted at ICMR- National...
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Approximately 25 million pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa are at risk of malaria despite various preventive methods. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum antigen and its associated factors in pregnant women in Bamenda. A hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in March and April 2021 including pregnant women attending ANC at the Bamenda Regional Hospital. A questionnaire was...
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The rising prevalence of obesity globally is becoming worrisome as excess weight is associated with hypertension and other adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This study therefore set out to determine the prevalence of hypertension in relation to some measures of adiposity (BMI, WC and WHtR) and to examine the association between blood pressure (BP) and the adiposity indices amongst adults in the North West Region of...
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Urbanization has led to complex challenges in healthcare in many cities globally. This study involved a Health Needs Assessment of Nairobi City County to elucidate the health dynamics among the diverse Nairobi City population. The Health Needs Assessment method encompassed profiling the Nairobi City County population in 17 sub-counties, identifying the prevailing health priorities, and recommending strategic interventions....
Public’s awareness and practice in preventing zoonotic diseases in West Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
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Zoonosis are defined as those diseases and infections naturally transmitted between people and vertebrate animals. For the prevention of emerging and spread of the zoonotic diseases, providing information and awareness training have important roles. The aim of this cross sectional study was to assess public awareness and prevention practices on zoonosis in selected districts of Western Hararghe Zone, eastern Ethiopia...
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As a result of working conditions, a variety of variables lead to the development of occupational health and safety impairments such as injuries and musculoskeletal disorders among sanitary personnel, which must be identified in order to anticipate concerns. PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Lilacs databases were used from 2000 to April 2022. Searched strategies used logical words “AND/OR”: Occupational *OR Work AND Injuries...
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The objective of this study is to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of adults on the uses and relationships with water, which although having a vital character for humans, is sometimes a source of waterborne diseases, including schistosomiasis in endemic areas. This is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) carried out among 415 households on uses...
Risk Factors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Sindh Province, Pakistan: A Case-Control Study
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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an endemic viral disease in Pakistan. Livestock handlers and butchers are a high-risk population. The study objective was to explore the risk factors associated with CCHF. Case-control study (age- and sex-matched), from 2016 to 2020, in Sindh-Pakistan. Cases were confirmed with laboratory evidence of CCHF viral RNA. Controls had no acute febrile illness. Standardized...
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Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) have emerged as major public health challenges facing tuberculosis control programme particularly in Asia and Africa. In Nigeria, the seroprevalence of HIV is 4.4%, the third highest infection burden in the world, with 21% of all tuberculosis patients dually infected with TB and HIV. The impact of MDR-TB is likely to increase if adequate...
Trends of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Western Ethiopia: A retrospective study.
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In Ethiopia, cutaneous leishmaniasis is primarily caused by Leishmania aethiopica. There is a major prevalence gap in study areas. Hence, this study assessed the trends of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the western part of Ethiopia. A three-year retrospective study (09 October 2018 to 31 January 2022) was conducted by extracting information from the national leishmaniasis register for patients visiting the Nekemte Specialized...
The use of digital health to improve action on non-communicable diseases
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Non communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death globally accounting for over 70 % of deaths. These diseases are also significantly rising in sub-Saharan Africa . In Kenya, NCDs currently account for 27% of all deaths and 55% of all hospital admissions. NCDs are a huge burden in Kenya but receives a small percentage of just 7% of the annual budget being allocated to health. With this continuously growing...
Challenges of Health Care Workers Caring for COVID-19 Patients in a Teaching Hospital, Nepal
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Background: Health Care Workers (HCWs) treating Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) patients face many physical and psychosocial challenges when working in COVID wards and ICUs. This study aimed to explore the challenges of HCWs caring for COVID-19 patients. Method: A qualitative phenomenological study was adopted and 12 HCWs (8 nurses and 4 doctors) working with COVID-19 patients were selected purposively as the study sample....
Associated factors with early pregnancies in school settings in a southwestern region of Benin
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Background: Early pregnancies in school settings are a social, economic and health phenomenon that can hamper the development of countries. This study aims to determine the factors associated with this phenomenon in the health district of Lokossa-Athiémé in southwestern Benin in 2018. Methods: Case-control study. The participants were secondary school girls aged 10 to 19 at the time of the study, enrolled in a public...
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Introduction. The use of psychoactive drugs remains a public health and social issue in Benin and impacts health, medical and social life at working place. The study aims to determine the prevalence and the factors associated with psychoactive drugs use in 2019 in two companies based in Cotonou, Benin. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was carried out from 09 to 31 December 2019. The study involved 455 workers aged 22 to...
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Medicine Student towards Novel Corona Virus (COVID 19)
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Background: The emerging respiratory disease is caused by the novel type of corona virus which is named as COVID-19. This respiratory illness has received internal attention and it is categorized as highly threaten disease in the US by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The purpose of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of undergraduate medical students towards COVID-19. Methods:...
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Background: Child malnutrition is a public health problem in Côte d’Ivoire. The persistence of malnutrition, sometimes looking like an epidemic, seems contradictory in view of the many natural potentialities available in the Health Care District of Danané. The level of rainfall conducive to cereal production is satisfactory; this should normally guarantee minimum food availability. This is not always the case because...
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Background: HIV remains a major public health problem in Sub-Saharan Africa. About 54.5% of all people living with HIV live in Eastern and Southern Africa. There is no HIV vaccine or cure available yet despite ongoing research to develop one and uptake of vaccines is critical in the global society. It is imperative to describe the perceptions and experiences of the vaccines trial participants, as they may give lessons for...
Epidemiology of female breast cancer in Niger: a literature review
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Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is a public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa with rising incidence and mortality. Background: In Niger, BC is identified as the leading cancer morbidity and mortality within female population. Its epidemiological literature remains limited or not structured. Objective: The aim of this work was to summarize evidence in relation to epidemiology of female breast cancer in Niger. The...
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The integrated approach is the new recommendation of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the control of neglected tropical diseases. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to implement this approach in 4 municipalities with a high prevalence of leprosy in Benin from September 2019 to August 2020. Mobile medical consultations were organized in these municipalities following the mobilization and sensitization of...
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Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are one of the main causes of occupational diseases. The see port and maritime sectors seem to be among the most affected. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of MSDs among workers in this sector and the risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the 576 dockers and 38 boaters selected by non-probability sampling for convenience....
Onchocerciasis control by the Makelekele population in Brazzaville, Congo: a cross sectional study
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Background: Onchocerciasis or river blindness is a parasitic disease caused by Onchocerca volvulus. More than 99% of infected people live in sub-Saharan Africa. The fight against this disabling disease also requires the support of the population living in endemic areas. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledges, attitudes and practices of the population of Makelekele on the control of...
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Background: Media plays a primary role as a source of information on the reproductive health for young adults. Some young adults in Nigeria have access to the Internet, television, and digital technology, which exposes them to a lot of sexual information that has both positive and negative influence. Aim: The study aimed to identify the motivating factors and the sources of reproductive health information among...
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Daily fluid intake in individuals is known to be influenced by several factors such as climatic conditions, physical activities, nature of fluid and its availability, and behavioural responses. The high temperature of the tropics is expected to increase fluid intake, and more so for labor-intensive workers. The fluid intake of sedentary and manual workers in southeast Nigeria was assessed and compared with international...
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Adolescents are young individuals between of ages 10-19 years who are transitioning from children into adults. They are at a stage of life where they develop or undergo physiological, psychological, social, cognitive and economical changes(Agbede, Kio, & Ajetunmobi; Aji et al., 2013; Esere, 2008). Increase in sexual urge, changes in emotional responses and thoughts are the major characteristics of this stage of development...
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Introduction: Sales around roads, a common activity mainly carried out by women in African urban areas, expose these later to outdoor air pollution (OAP), leading to chronic respiratory diseases (CRD). This research aims at studying associated factors with CRD among these professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted among 396 saleswomen working on the outskirts of the main track of Dantokpa’s...
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS RELATED TO COVID-19 AMONG BENINESE MILITARY
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge guiding attitudes, and to highlight the perceptions of Beninese military personnel towards COVID-19. Method: This is a cross-sectional study conducted from May 18 to June 16, 2020 in the garrison of Cotonou through the administration of an anonymous questionnaire to 836 participants. To assess the level of knowledge, major and minor criterion were...
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Preventing new cases of HIV infection and mother-to-child HIV transmission requires knowledge of the factors associated with HIV-positive status disclosure with the sexual partner. Our objective was to determine the factors associated with HIV-positive status disclosure with the stable sexual partner at Gabriel Touré University Hospital, Mali. We conducted a cross-sectional study from February to March 2017 at Gabriel...
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Background: Healthcare waste (HCW) management is one of the biggest problems the globe is facing especially in developing nations related to its increasing amount of generation and existence of ineffective technology and poor management. The impact associated with poor HCW management is wide ranging from environmental pollution to transmission of diseases including infection like typhoid and cholera to more deadly diseases...
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Background: In Oyo State, Nigeria, Covid-19 poses a significant public health problem. Despite the recommendation of the state government, anecdotal evidence indicates compliance with the preventive steps was low. Therefore, the need to determine the views of public risk on COVID-19 and the degree of adherence to the preventive measures of covid-19 that are essential for the creation of risk communications and the...
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Background:-Hypertension is the force of blood pushing up against the walls of blood vessels and it is defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg.It is estimated to cause 9.4 million deaths every year. Aim of the study: This study aimed to conduct ordinal logistic regression analysis of hypertension severity and identifying associated factors for severity of...
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Background: Globally, hospital waste is of importance as its hazardous effects may cause disease transmission. Despite this, most studies done in Nigeria asses it in limited scope. Therefore, this study assess and compare hospital waste management practices in public and private health institutions in South-western, Nigeria. Materials: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare workers at the local government...
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Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) is recommended for 6 months of age also with continued breastfeeding for 2 years of age or beyong. Many African mothers breastfeed their babies beyond one year, but EBF for up to six months is still not widely practiced. In the Republic of Congo, according to the Congo Demographic Health Survey, the prevalence of EBF was 32.9%. The knowledge of infants’ mothers could be insufficient to...
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Introduction : Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes a global health problem with a high level of morbidity and mortality. Attitudes related to health are influenced by varying aspects of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP). The purpose of this study was to examine the KAP Level of residents towards HBV infection in Ogbomosho, Southwest Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive locality-based study was...
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Background: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy poses a huge challenge worldwide. More specifically, developing countries like Ethiopia had double burden of pregnancy induced hypertension. The aim of the study was assessed of prevalence pregnancy induced hypertension and associated factors among pregnant mothers in Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: A hospital based...
Antifeedant efficacy of Menthaspicata aqueous extracts on fall armyworm (Spodopterafrugiperda).
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Background: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major public health problem and a principal cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years of age worldwide. The 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is the major intervention strategy used in the prevention of new infections. Though the vaccines have been in use since 2011in Cameroon, lower respiratory tract infections remain major causes of morbidity and...
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Casual sex is a new trend in the lives of today’s young adults. Some of the serious consequences that can go along with casual sex are depression, unplanned pregnancy, unsafe abortion, HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of casual sex experiences and its adverse consequences among college students in Dessie town, north east Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: This...
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The purpose of this study was examining association between work related musculoskeletal disorders and some selected personal variables among office workers. Descriptive survey study design would be carried ou. Source populations of the study were the registered office secretarial and administrator with any age and sex and currently on practice. Regarding data collection tools: Demographic information and the key variables...
INEQUALITY OF CHILD ACCESS TO HEALTH FACILITIES IN RURAL NIGERIA
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Health plays a crucial role for economic development because it is an indispensable basic need of life which enables people to carry out their day to day activities effectively. Health system in Nigeria has been structured such that the poor cannot have access to the utilization of health infrastructure in rural areas. The study investigated the inequality of child access to health facilities in rural household of Nigeria...
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Background:-The lack of skilled attendants at birth accounts for two million preventable maternal deaths, stillbirths and newborn deaths each year. Aim:-This study assessed the magnitude and factors affecting place of delivery among women of child bearing age in Nunu Kumba woreda, Western Ethiopia. Method: - Community based cross sectional quantitative household survey was employed. A pre-tested structured questionnaire...
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The discovery of TB cases in 2016 was 658 and the number of patients treated was 470 patients and Puskesmas Semanding became the health center with the largest number of patients reaching 40 patients with the number treated 35 patients. Which means it has not reached 100% of patients treated, and found 2 of them experienced resistance or including the MDR-TB group. OAT resistance is due to patients not adhering to the...
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Purpose Several studies outside the African continent have documented associations between the various forms of parental influence and adolescent sexual risk behaviour. This study was therefore conducted to identify the existing form(s) of parental influence and the prevalent/sexual behaviours among adolescents in public secondary schools in Nigeria and determine the association existing between the parental influence and...
Barriers for Full Immunization Coverage among under Five Years Children in Mogadishu, Somalia
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Background: Immunization is amongst the most cost effective public health interventions for reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. However globally 9 million deaths of children occur as a result of vaccine-preventable disease in which 4.4 million are from sub-Saharan region. Therefore, this study aimed to assess barriers for complete vaccination coverage among under five years children in Mogadishu, Somalia....
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Background: The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) is an emerging nutritional problem of the coexistence of underweight, and overweight and/or obesity affecting adolescents from both affluent and poor countries and nutritional status of adolescents in Ethiopia is not well documented, and they are the neglected segment of the population. Objective: The study aimed to assess prevalence and associated factors of double...
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To assess students’ nutritional junk food behaviors on interaction through their knowledge, attitudes, and amounting energy acquirements on junk food and the nutritional status of 429 upper secondary students in Thailand with the 20-item Questionnaire on Students’ Knowledge on Junk Food and Nutrition (QSKJFN), the 20-item Questionnaire on Nutritional Energy Quality on Junk Food (QNEQJF), and the 20-item Test of...
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Malnutrition at the early stages of life can lower child resistance to infections, increase child morbidity and mortality, and decrease mental development and cognitive achievement. Adequate nutrition is the keystone of survival, health and development not only the current generations but also the ones to come. Child malnutrition is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. The main objective of this study was...
Scoping Review on the Implementation of HIV management Programs for Adolescents Living with HIV.
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Unlike to adults, adolescents often have poorer rates of viral suppression and long-term immunologic recovery. They often face unique developmental, psychological, psychosocial, and sexuality challenges as they are still developing physically, mentally, and sexually. The general purpose of this present study is to review and update information on implementation of HIV program for Adolescent living with HIV. A comprehensive...
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Background. Under-five children are one of the most vulnerable groups in any society to nutritional deficiencies due to many factors ranging from low birth weight and maternal ill health to socioeconomic and various environmental factors. Though it remains common all over the world, under-five malnutrition is particularly a very serious public health problem of developing countries like Eritrea. In this study CIAF was...
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Background: Pressure ulcer is a common problem that causes significant pain and additional costs, but has not been given appropriate high priority in hospitalized patients. They were individual studies on the prevalence of pressure ulcer among hospitalized patients in Ethiopia. But, there is no study that shows the national estimate of pressure ulcer among hospitalized patients. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the...
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