Full Length Research Paper
References
Alter MJ (2007). Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 13:2436-2441. |
|
Ansaldi F, Orsi A, Sticchi L, Bruzzone B, Icardi G (2014). Hepatitis C virus in the new era: perspectives in epidemiology, prevention, diagnostics and predictors of response to therapy. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 20(29):9633-9652. |
|
Averhoff FM, Glass N, Holtzman D (2012). Global Burden of Hepatitis C: Considerations for Healthcare Providers in the United States. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 55 Suppl 1:S10-15. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis361. |
|
Balogun MA, Murphy N, Nunn S, Grant A, Andrews NJ, Teo CG, Ramsay ME, Parry JV (2009). Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C in injecting drug users attending genitourinary medicine clinics. Epidemiology and Infection 137:980-987. |
|
Balogun MA, Ramsay ME, Parry JV, Donovan L, Andrews NJ, Newham JA, McGarrigle C, Harris KA, Teo CG (2003). A national survey of genitourinary medicine clinic attenders provides little evidence of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. Sexually Transmitted Infections 79(4):301-306. |
|
Benvegnù L, Gios M, Boccato S, Alberti A (2004). Natural history of compensated viral cirrhosis: a prospective study on the incidence and hierarchy of major complications. Gut 53(5):744-749. |
|
Beste LA, Leipertz SL, Green PK, Dominitz JA, Ross D, Ioannou GN (2015). Trends in burden of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma by underlying liver disease in US veterans, 2001-2013. Gastroenterology, 149(6):1471-1482. |
|
Bhamidimarri KR, Satapathy SK, Martin P (2017). Hepatitis C Virus and Liver Transplantation. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 13(4):214-220. |
|
Bunchorntavakul C, Chavalitdhamrong D, Tanwandee T (2013). Hepatitis C genotype 6: A concise review and response-guided therapy proposal. World Journal of Hepatology, 5(9):496-504. |
|
Carney K, Dhalla S, Aytaman A, Tenner CT, Francois F (2013). Association of tattooing and hepatitis C virus infection: a multicenter case-control study. Hepatology, 57(6):2117-2123. |
|
Davis GL, Lau JY (1997). Factors predictive of a beneficial response to therapy of hepatitis C. Hepatology, 26(3 Suppl 1):122S-127S. |
|
Dusheiko G, Schmilovitz-Weiss H, Brown D, McOmish F, Yap PL, Sherlock S, McIntyre N, Simmonds P (1994). Hepatitis C virus genotypes: an investigation of type-specific differences in geographic origin and disease. Hepatology 19(1):13-18. |
|
Harris HE, Eldridge KP, Harbour S, Alexander G, Teo CG, Ramsay ME, HCV National Register Steering Group (2007). Does the clinical outcome of hepatitis C infection vary with the infecting hepatitis C virus type? Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 14(3):213-220. |
|
Harris KA, Gilham C, Mortimer PP, Teo CG (1999). The most prevalent hepatitis C virus genotypes in England and Wales are 3a and 1a. Journal of Medical Virology 58(2):127-31. |
|
Hauri AM, Armstrong GL, Hutin Y (2004). The global burden of disease attributable to contaminated injections given in health care settings. International Journal of STD & AIDS, 15:7-16. |
|
Health Protection Scotland (HPS), University of the West of Scotland (UWS) (2008) The Needle Exchange Surveillance Initiative (NESI): |
|
Health Protection Scotland (HPS), University of the West of Scotland (UWS) (2012) Needle Exchange Surveillance Initiative (NESI): Prevalence of HCV and injecting risk behaviours among people who |
|
Hutchinson SJ, Roy KM, Wadd S, Bird SM, Taylor A, Anderson E, Shaw L, Codere G, Goldberg DJ (2006). Hepatitis C Virus in Scotland: epidemiological review and public health challenges. Scottish Medical Journal 51(2):8-15. |
|
Jauncey M, Micallef JM, Gilmour S, Amin J, White PA, Rawlinson W, Kaldor JM, van Beek I, Dore GJ (2004). Clearance of hepatitis C virus after newly acquired infection in injection drug users. The Journal of Infectious Diseases 190(7):1270-1274. |
|
Josephson F, Swedish Consensus Group (2016). Treatment of hepatitis C virus infection for adults and children: Updated Swedish consensus recommendations. Infectious Diseases (Lond) 48(4):251-261 |
|
Kamal SM, Naseer IA (2008). Hepatitis C Genotype 4: What we know and don't yet know (Reviews). Hepatology, 47(4). |
|
Kanwal F, Hoang T, Kramer JR, Asch SM, Goetz MB, Zeringue A, Richardson P, El–Serag HB (2011). Increasing prevalence of HCC and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Gastroenterology 140(4):1182-1188. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.12.032. |
|
Kershenobich D, Razavi HA, Sánchezâ€Avila JF, Bessone F, Coelho HS, Dagher L, Gonçales FL, Quiroz JF, Rodriguezâ€Perez F, Rosado B, Wallace C (2011). Trends and projections of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Latin America. Liver International, 31 Suppl 2:18-29. |
|
Lagging M, Wejstål R, Norkrans G, Karlström O, Aleman S, Weiland O, Castedal M, Lauer GM, Walker BD (2001). Hepatitis C virus infection. New England Journal of Medicine 345(1):41-52. |
|
Lowe GD (1987). Haemophilia, blood products and HIV infection. Scottish Medical Journal 32(4):109-11. |
|
Madhava V, Burgess C, Drucker E (2002). Epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2:293-302. |
|
Messina JP, Humphreys I, Flaxman A, Brown A, Cooke GS, Pybus OG, Barnes E (2015). Global distribution and prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotypes. Hepatology 61(1):77-87. |
|
Nelson PK, Mathers BM, Cowie B, Hagan H, Des Jarlais D, Horyniak D, Degenhardt L (2011). Global epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in people who inject drugs: results of systematic reviews. Lancet 378:571-583. |
|
Nguyen MH, Keeffe EB (2005). Prevalence and treatment of hepatitis C virus genotypes 4, 5 & 6. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 3 Suppl 2: S97-S101. |
|
Palmateer NE, Taylor A, Goldberg DJ, Munro A, Aitken C, Shepherd SJ, McAllister G, Gunson R, Hutchinson SJ (2014). Rapid decline in HCV incidence among people who inject drugs associated with national scale-up in coverage of a combination of harm reduction interventions. PLoS One 11;9(8):e104515. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone. 0104515. |
|
Patel K, Muir AJ, McHutchison JG (2006). Diagnosis and treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection. British Medical Journal 332(7548):1013-1017. |
|
Perz JF, Armstrong GL, Farrington LA, Hutin YJ, Bell BP (2006). The contributions of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections to cirrhosis and primary liver cancer worldwide. Journal of Hepatology 45(4):529-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2006.05.013. |
|
Petruzziello A, Marigliano S, Loquercio G, Cacciapuoti C (2016). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes distribution: an epidemiological up-date in Europe. Infectious Agents and Cancer (1):53. |
|
Prati D (2006). Transmission of hepatitis C virus by blood transfusions and other medical procedures: a global review. Journal of Hepatology 45:607-616. |
|
Qureshi H, Bile KM, Jooma R, Alam SE, Afridi HUR (2010). Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in Pakistan: findings of a national survey appealing for effective prevention and control measures. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 16 suppl: S15-23. |
|
Roy KM, Hutchinson SJ, Wadd s, Taylor A, Cameron SO, Burns S, Molyneaux P, McIntyre PG, Goldberg DJ (2007). Hepatitis C virus infection among injecting drug users in Scotland: a review of prevalence and incidence data and the methods used to generate them. Epidemiology and Infection 135(3):433-442. |
|
Salemovic D, Pesic-Pavlovic I, Jevtovic D, Bojovic K, Ranin J, Brmbolic B, Stanojevic M (2017). Intravenous drug use - an independent predictor for HCV genotypes 3 and 4 infection among HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Archives of Medical Science 13(3):652-658 |
|
Seeff LB (2002). Natural history of chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 36(5 Suppl 1):S35-46. |
|
Shaw L, Taylor A, Roy KM, Cameron SO, Burns S, Molyneaux, McIntyre P, Codere G, Goldberg DJ (2003). Establishment of a database of a diagnosed HCV-infected persons in Scotland. Communicable Disease and Public Health 6:305-310. |
|
Shepard CW, Finelli L, Alter MJ (2005). Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 5(9):558-67. |
|
Sievert W, Altraif I, Razavi HA, Abdo A, Ahmed EA, AlOmair A, Amarapurkar D, Chen CH, Dou X, El Khayat H, Elshazly M (2011). A systematic review of hepatitis C virus epidemiology in Asia, Australia and Egypt. Liver International 31(s2):61-80. doi:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2011.02540.x. |
|
Smith DB, Becher P, Bukh J, Gould EA, Meyers G, Monath T, Muerhoff AS, Pletnev A, Rico-Hesse R, Stapleton JT, Simmonds P (2016). Proposed update to the taxonomy of the genera Hepacivirus and Pegivirus within the Flaviviridae family. Journal of General Virology 97(11):2894-2907. |
|
Smith DB, Bukh J, Kuiken C, Muerhoff AS, Rice CM., Stapleton JT., et al (2014). Expanded classification of hepatitis C virus into 7 genotypes and 67 subtypes: updated criteria and genotype assignment web resource. Hepatology 59: 318-327. |
|
Thong VD, Akkarathamrongsin S, Poovorawan K, Tangkijvanich P, Poovorawan Y. Hepatitis C virus genotype 6: virology, epidemiology, genetic variation and clinical implication (2014). World Journal of Gastroenterology 20(11):2927-2940. |
|
Tohme RA, Holmberg SD (2012). Transmission of hepatitis C virus infection through tattooing and piercing: a critical review. Clinical Infectious Diseases 54(8):1167-78. |
|
Toyoda H, Kumada T, Tada T, Yama T, Mizuno K (2017). Significance of day-1 viral response of hepatitis C virus in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving direct- acting antiviral therapy. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 33(6):1264-1270. |
|
Watson JP, Brind AM, Chapman CE, Bates CL, Gould FK, Johnson SJ, Burt AD, Ferguson J, Simmonds P, Bassendine MF (1996). Hepatitis C virus: epidemiology and genotypes in the north east of England. Gut 38(2):269-276. |
|
Wiessing L, Ferri M, Grady B, Kantzanou M, Sperle I, Cullen KJ, Hatzakis A, Prins M, Vickerman P, Lazarus JV, et al (2014). Hepatitis C virus infection epidemiology among people who inject drugs in Europe: a systematic review of data for scaling up treatment and prevention. PLoS One.9:e103345. |
|
Williams IT, Bell BP, Kuhnert W, Alter MJ (2011). Incidence and transmission patterns of acute hepatitis C in the United States, 1982–2006. Archives of Internal Medicine 171:242-248. |
|
World Health Organization (2015). Hepatitis C Fact sheet N°164. Available online at http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-c. |
|
Yasin T, Riley TR, Schreibman IR (2011). Current treatment of choice for chronic hepatitis C infection. Infection and Drug Resistance 4:11-18. |
|
Yee BE, Nguyen NH, Zhang B, Lin D, Vutien P, Wong CR, Lutchman GA, Nguyen MH (2015). Sustained virological response and its treatment predictors in hepatitis C virus genotype 4 compared to genotypes 1, 2, and 3: a meta-analysis. BMJ Open Gastroenterology, 2(1):e000049. |
Copyright © 2024 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0