Abstract

The phytochemical constituents of stem bark extracts of Khaya senegalensis were isolated and analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). A shade-dried stem bark of K. senegalensis was extracted using methanol and water as solvents. The main chemical compositions of the extracts were analyzed by GC-MS and preliminary phytochemical analysis was performed to confirm the various classes of active chemical. The chemical composition of methanolic stem bark extract of K. senegalensis included: 4-Hepten-3-one, 2, 6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 3-O-methyl-d-glucose, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid, and 11-Octadecenoic acid. Others are 9–Hexadecenoic acid, Stearic acid, I, E-11, Z-13-Octadecatriene, Cyclododecyne, Hexadecanoic acid, Ricinoleic acid, 13-Decosenoic acid, and 9-Hexadecenal. The Chemical composition of aqueous stem bark extract of K. senegalensis included 1, 2, 3-benzenetriol, n-Hexadecanoic acid, oleic acid, (Z)6,(Z)9-pentadecadeien-1-ol, 1,E-11,Z-13-octadecatriene, and 1-flourodecane. Other chemical constituents of the aqueous extract included 9-octadecanal, E-9-tetradecanal, and 2-methyl-Z, Z-3, 13-octadecadienol. The molecular weight of these compounds ranged from low to high with carbon skeleton of between C₇ and C₃₇. Both aromatic and aliphatic compounds were identified_. K. senegalensis contains alkaloid, saponin, tannins and flavonoids. A good number of bioactive compounds were present in the stem bark of K. senegalensis.

Key words: Aqueous extracts, metanolic extracts, GC-MS analysis, Khaya senegalensis, phytochemical profile.