Full Length Research Paper
References
|
Abot RD, Wilson PWB, Castelli WP (1998). HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol screening and myocardial infarction. Arteriosclerosis 8:207-211. crossref |
||||
|
Allard JP, Royall D, Kurian R, Muggh R, Jeejeebhoy KN (1994). Effects of β-Carotene supplementation on lipid peroxidation in human. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 59:884-890. Pubmed |
||||
|
Amadou IS, Yong-Hui S, Sun J, Guo-Wei L (2009). Fermented soybean products: Some methods, antioxidants compound extraction and their scavenging activity. Asian J. Biochem. 4:68-76. crossref |
||||
|
American Diabetic Association (2004). Dyslipidemia management in adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:S68-S71 crossref |
||||
| Ashok KBS, Lakshman K, Chandrasekhar KB, Saleemulla K, Narayana SVB (2008). Estimation of rutin and quercetin in Amaranthus spinosus L. Asian J. Chem. 20:1633-1635. | ||||
| Assmann GH, Schulte H, Funke E, Eckardstein A (2008). The emergence of triglycerides as a significant independent risk factor in coronary artery disease. Eur. Heart J. 19 (suppl M):M8-M14. | ||||
|
Astrup AJ, Dyerberg J, Elwood P, Hermansen K, Hu FB, Jakobsen MU (2011). The role of reducing intakes of saturated fat in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: where does the evidence stand? Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 93:684-688. crossref |
||||
| Bachorik PS, Albers JJ (1996). Precipitation methods for quantification of lipoproteins. In: Methods in Enzymology, Albers JJ and Segrest JP (eds), Academic Press, Orlando,129 (Part B) pp. 78-100. | ||||
| Bagepalli SAK, Kuruba L, Jayaveera KN, Devangam SS, Avalakondarayappa AK, Bachappa M. Antioxidant and antipyretic properties of methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus leaves. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. 3(9):702-706. | ||||
| Belcher JD, McNamara JR, Grinstead GF, Rifai N, Warnick GR, Bachorik P, Frantz I (1991). Measurement of cholesterol concentration. In: Methods for Clinical laboratory Measurements of Lipid and Lipoprotein Risk Factors. Rifai N, Warnick GR (eds) AACC Press, Washington pp. 75-86. | ||||
|
Beutler EO, Duron D, Kelly BM (1963). Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 61:882-888. Pubmed |
||||
|
Brehm AG, Pfeiler B, Pacini G, Vierhapper H, Roden M (2004). Relationship between serum lipoprotein ratios and insulin resistance in obesity. Clin. Chem. 50:2316-2322. crossref |
||||
|
Burta OF, Tirlea OL, Quadri SM (2008). Phytotherapy in cardiovascular diseases: from ethnomedicine to evidence based medicine. J. Biol. Sci. 8:242-247. crossref |
||||
| Channon KM, Guzik TJ (2012). Mechanisms of superoxide production in human blood vessels: relationship to endothelial dysfunction, clinical and genetic risk factors. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 53:515-524. | ||||
|
Cinzia Z, Giuseppe A, Thomas FL, Ulf L (2010). Nutraceuticals in cardiovascular prevention: lessons from studies on endothelial function. Cardiovasc. Ther. 28:187-201 crossref |
||||
| Debiprasad GM, Prasenjit G, Tanaya R, Prasanta KM (2013). Anti peptic ulcer activity of the leaves of Amaranthus spinosus Lin rats. Mint. J. Pharm. Med. Sci. 1:52-53. | ||||
|
De Marchi E, Baldassari F, Bononi A, Wieckowski MR, Pinton P (2013). Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases and Obesity: Role of p66Shc and Protein Kinase C. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2013: 564961. crossref |
||||
|
Dobiasova M (2006). AIP-atherogenic index of plasma as a significant predictor of cardiovascular risk: from research to practice. Vnitr. Lek. 52:64-71. Pubmed |
||||
|
Dobiasova M (2004). Atherogenic index of plasma: Theoretical and practical implications. Clin. Chem. 50:1113-1115. crossref |
||||
|
Elahi MM, Kong YX, Matata BM (2009). Oxidative stress as a mediator of cardiovascular disease. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2:259-269. crossref |
||||
| FAO (2010). Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. Report of an expert consultation. 10–14 November 2008, Geneva. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper 91. Rome: Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations. | ||||
|
Folch JM, Less M, Sloanestanley GH (1957). A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipid from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226:497-501. Pubmed |
||||
|
Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS (1972). Estimation of the concentration of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 18:499-502. Pubmed |
||||
|
Frohlich J, Dobiásová M (2003). Fractional Esterification Rate of Cholesterol and Ratio of Triglycerides to HDL-Cholesterol Are Powerful Predictors of Positive Findings in Coronary Angiography. Clin. Chem. 49:1873-1880. crossref |
||||
|
Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K,Boysen G,Burell G, Cifkova R (2007). European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: full text. Fourth Joint Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and other societies on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice (constituted by representatives of nine societies and by invited experts). Eur. J. Cardiovasc Prev. Rehabil. 14 (Suppl 2):S1-113. crossref |
||||
|
Howard BV (1987). Lipoprotein metabolism in diabetes mellitus. J. Lipid Res. 28:613-628. Pubmed |
||||
|
Hulsmans MED, Van N, Holvoet P (2012). Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and risk of atherosclerosis. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 14:264-276. crossref |
||||
| Hussain ZG, Amresh S, Satyawan R, Chandana VR (2008). Hepatoprotective activity of Amarnathus spinosus in experimental animals. Food Chem. Toxicol. 46:3419-3421. | ||||
|
Ignarro L, Balestrier ML, Napol C (2007). Nutrition, physical activity and cardiovascular disease: an update. Cardiovasc. Res. 73:326-340. crossref |
||||
| Ikewuchi CJ, Ikewuchi CC (2009). Alteration of Plasma Lipid Profiles and Atherogenic Indices by Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L. (Vahl). Clin. Chem. 18:499-502 | ||||
|
Lee RM, Margaritis KM, Channon M, Antoniades C (2012). Evaluating oxidative stress in human cardiovascular disease: methodological aspects and considerations. Curr. Med. Chem. 19:2504-2520. crossref |
||||
| Lekin JB, Lipsky MS (2003). American Medical Association Complete Medical Encyclopedia. Random House References: New York pp. 154-159 | ||||
|
Liao FA, Andalibi JH, Qiao H, Allayee AM, Fogelman M, Lusis AJ, (1994). Genetic evidence for a common pathway mediating oxidative stress, inflammatory gene induction, and aortic fatty streak formation in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 94:877-884. crossref |
||||
|
Lichtennstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M, Carnethon M, Daniels S, Franklin B, Kris-Etherton P, Harris WS, Howard B, Karanja M, Lefevre M, Rudel L, Sacks F, van Horn L, Winston M, Wylie-Rosett J, Franch HA (2006). Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006. A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation 114:82-96. crossref |
||||
|
Lopez-Garcia EMB, Schulze JE, Manson J, Meigs B, Albert CM, Rifai N (2004). Consumption of (n-3) fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial activation in women. J. Nutr. 134:1806-1811. Pubmed |
||||
| Lukas SH, Georg H (2014). Dietary fatty acids in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression. BMJ 4:4-11. | ||||
|
Marklund S, Marklund G (1974). Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem. 47:469-474. crossref |
||||
|
Martirosyan DM, Miroshnichenko LA, Kulokawa SN, Pogojeva AV, Zoloedov VI (2007). Amaranth oil application for heart disease and hypertension. Lipids Health Dis. 6:1-8. crossref |
||||
|
McBride PE (2007). Triglycerides and Risk for Coronary Heart Disease. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 10(5):386-90. crossref |
||||
|
Mensink RP, Zock PL, Kester AD (2003). Effects of dietary fatty acids and carbohydrates on the ratio of serum total to HDL cholesterol and on serum lipids and apolipoproteins: a meta-analysis of 60 controlled trials. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 77:1146-1155. Pubmed |
||||
| Miller GJ, Miller NE (1977). Plasma high density lipoprotein concentration and development of ischaemic heart disease. Lancet 1:16-18. | ||||
| Mudhaffar SK (2013). Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) As a Parameter in Predicting Cardiovascular Risk in Males Compared To the Conventional Dyslipidemic Indices (Cholesterol Ratios). Karbala J. Med. 6:123-127. | ||||
|
Napoli CL, Aderiye OBL, Akele O (2007). Hypocholesterolemia activity of nono in albino rats. Int. J. Dairy Sci. 2:393-397. crossref |
||||
| NIH (2011). Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. 11th Edition. National Academies Press, Washington, DC. pp. 43-48. | ||||
|
Norata GD, Ballantyne CM, Catapano AL (2013). New therapeutic principles in dyslipidaemia: focus on LDL and Lp(a) lowering drugs. Eur. Heart J. 34:1783-1789. crossref |
||||
| Osadolor HB, Orhue NEJ, Nwokocha CR (2005). Serum Lipids and Lipoproetins Profile in Hypertensive Patients Reporting for Treatment at Central Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. Int. J. Med. Sci. 5(4):284-288 | ||||
|
Ostlund RE Jr., Lin X (2007). Regulation of cholesterol absorption by phytosterols. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 8:487-491 crossref |
||||
|
Parikh P, McDaniel MC, Ashen MD, Muller JI, Sorentuib M (2005). Diets and carbohydrate diseases: An evidence based assessment. J. Am. Cardiol. 45:1379-1387. crossref |
||||
| Paul S, Ghosh D, Ghosh AK, Mitra E, Dey M, Chattopahyya A (2013). Lead induces oxidative stress in rat heart and liver tissue homogenates: an in vitro study. J. Cell Tissue Res. 13:3829-3837. | ||||
| Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Moore PK(2005). Pharmacology. 5th ed. Elsevier: India. pp. 229-235. | ||||
|
Sahebkar A (2013). Why it is necessary to translate curcumin into clinical practice for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome? Biofactors 39:197-208. crossref |
||||
|
Sahebkar A, Chew GT, Watts GF (2014). Recent advances in pharmacotherapy for hypertriglyceridemia. Prog. Lipid. Res. 56:47-66 crossref |
||||
|
Saravanan G, Ponmurugan P, Sathivavathi M, Vadivukkarasi S, Sengottuvelu S (2013). Cardioprotective activity of Amaranthus viridis Linn: effect on serum marker enzymes, cardiac troponin and antioxidant system in experimental myocardial infarcted rats. Int. J. Cardiol. 165:494-498. crossref |
||||
|
Shen GX (2007). Lipid disorders in diabetes mellitus and current management. Curr. Pharmaceut. Anal. 3:17-24. crossref |
||||
| Sydney CS, Amy C, Roberto F, David R, Holmes S, Susanne L, Diana VM, Johanna R, Ralph L, Sacco H, Kathryn T, David AW, William AZ (2012). Our Time: A Call to Save Preventable Death From Cardiovascular Disease (Heart Disease and Stroke). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 60:2342-2348. | ||||
|
Sinha AK (1972). Colorimetric assay of catalase. Anal. Biochem. 47: 389-394. crossref |
||||
|
Stintzing FC, Kammerer D, Schieber A, Hilou A, Nacoulma O, Carle R (2004). Betacyanins and phenolic compounds from Amaranthus spinosus L., and Boerhaavia erecta. Z. Naturforsch C. 59:1-8. crossref |
||||
|
Stocker R, Keaneyn JF (2004). Role of oxidative modifications in atherosclerosis. Physiol. Rev. 84:1381-1478. crossref |
||||
|
Takasaki Y (2005). Serum Lipid Levels and Factors Affecting atherogenic Index in Japanese Children. J. Physiol. Anthropol. Appl. Human Sci. 24:511-515. crossref |
||||
| Ursula S, Lotte L, Tine T, Thorhallur I, Haldorsson R, Matti U, Wulf B (2014). Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: a systematic review. Food Nutr. Res. 58:25145-25152 | ||||
|
Uusitupa MK, Hermansen H, Savolainen MJ, Schwab U, Kolehmainen M, Brader L (2013). Effects of an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet on insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and inflammation markers in metabolic syndrome – a randomized study (SYSDIET). J. Intern. Med. 274:52-66. crossref |
||||
|
Varshney R, Kale RK (1990). Effects of calmodulin antagonists on radiation-induced lipid peroxidation in microsomes. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 58:33-43. crossref |
||||
|
Wattanpitayakul SK, Chularojnontri L, Herunsale A, Charuchongkolwongse S, Niumsakul S, Bauer JA (2005). Screening of antioxidants from medicinal plants for cardioprotective effect against doxorubicin toxicity. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 96:80-87 crossref |
||||
| WHO (1998). Basic OECD principles of GLP. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. pp. 70-79. | ||||
| WHO (2015). Global action plan for the prevention and control of NCDs 2013-2020. WHO fact sheet. No 317. | ||||
| Yasmin EL, Juliana F, Luisa FG, Benjamín R, José LR, Guillermo S, Susana M (2013). Antioxidant Activity and Cardioprotective Effect of a Nonalcoholic Extract of Vaccinium meridionale Swartz during Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats. Evid-Based. Compl. Altern. Med. 516727-516737. | ||||
|
Zuchi C, Ambrosio G, Lüscher TF, Landmesser U (2010). Nutraceuticals in cardiovascular prevention: lessons from studies on endothelial function. Cardiovasc Ther. 28:187-201. crossref |
||||
Copyright © 2025 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0
