Journal of
Parasitology and Vector Biology

  • Abbreviation: J. Parasitol. Vector Biol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2141-2510
  • DOI: 10.5897/JPVB
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 204

Full Length Research Paper

Culicid forms distribution and breeding sites in Nsukka ecological zone of South Eastern Nigeria

Odo, G.E*
  • Odo, G.E*
  • Department of zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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Agwu, E.J.
  • Agwu, E.J.
  • Department of zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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Haruna A.S.
  • Haruna A.S.
  • Department of zoology and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
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  •  Received: 23 February 2015
  •  Accepted: 15 May 2015
  •  Published: 30 June 2015

Abstract

The culicid forms distribution and breeding sites in Nsukka ecological zone of south eastern Nigeria were investigated in four hundred and fifty eight (458) oviposition sites between October and December, 2010. Soup ladle dipper method was used in larvae/pupae collection while the environmental parameters were determined in situ using field meter. Anova were used to investigate the association between the physicochemical variables, the relative abundance and distribution of the mosquito larvae. Of the 458 containers sampled, automobile tyre had container index% of 59.62 while the least was 20.95%, recorded in clay pots. Four thousand, four hundred and twenty five species of culicid distributed in four genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and Toxorhynchites) were identified. Aedes aegypti recorded 562 (12.70%) of the total collection in the automobile tyre. Also in the discarded cans, A. aegypti ranked second highest. The Culex quinquefasciatus had a prevalence of 302 (6.82%) in the automobile tyre while Aedes albopictus and Toxorhynchites 248 (5.60) and 242 (5.47) were recorded in the clay pots respectively. Also, Table 3 shows that a total of 458 (40.17) containers were sampled out of which 184 (38.14%) contained mosquito larvae. A total of 204 (20.95%) clay containers were sampled during the course of the studies. Water drums recorded 36 (30.55%) and a total of 104 (59.62) were observed in automobile tyres. Out of the 184 (40.17%) containers that held mosquito larvae, the highest container type that held mosquito larvae was automobile tyre with a total of 62 (59.62%). Among the oviposition sites, clay pots recorded highest dept of 18.50 cm and this was closely followed by buckets with 17.28cm while cans was the least with 5.2cm. The more important vectors of mosquito-borne diseases are those which show a close association with man and prefer him to other animals as source of food. These include A. aegypti, A. albopictus, Culex fatigans and Agkistrodon bilineatus taylori.

 

Key words: Culicid, breeding sites, ecological zone, Nigeria.      

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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