Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an additional pharmaceutical care intervention on clinical outcomes of Type 2 diabetes patients receiving care in tertiary hospitals. This study was a randomized, controlled and longitudinal study with a 12-month patient follow-up. This study was conducted in two Nigerian University Teaching Hospitals. Patients in ‘usual care’ received the usual/conventional care offered by the hospitals. Patients in ‘intervention’ received usual care and pharmaceutical care for 12 months. This additional pharmaceutical care included a stepwise approach: setting priorities for patient care, assessing patient’s specific educational needs and identification of drug related problems (DRPs), development of a comprehensive and achievable pharmaceutical care plan in collaboration with the patient and the doctor, implementation of the this plan, monitoring and review of the plan from time to time. By end of 12 months, there were significant reductions in the following clinical outcomes (control vs. intervention): glycosylated haemoglobin (%) (7.77 ± 1.12 vs. 7.23 ± 1.09; P = 0.0009), fasting glucose (mg/dL) (168.7 ± 11.49 vs. 129.34 ± 9.97; P < 0.0001). The results for LDL-C, HDL-C, Triglycerides and Total Cholesterol were 116.28 ± 9.64 vs. 101.43 ± 8.35; P Ë‚ 0.0001, 45.29 ± 6.68 vs. 53.82 ± 5.81; P Ë‚ 0.0001, 159.59 ± 8.91 vs. 154.37 ± 10.34; P = 0.0002, 203.75 ± 25.96 vs. 188.71 ± 19.41; P Ë‚ 0.0001 respectively. The intervention resulted in beneficial improvement of clinical outcomes of Type 2 diabetes patients receiving treatment in tertiary hospitals.

Key words: Pharmacist, pharmaceutical care, intervention, diabetes outcomes, clinical outcomes, Type 2 diabetes, randomized, controlled study.