August 2012

Development, utilization and statistical evaluation of Hardy Cross pipe network analysis softwares

Pipe network analysis is an essential aspect in the design of water distribution networks. The Hardy Cross method is one of the methods commonly employed in pipe network analysis. Two softwares are developed using the Hardy Cross method for analysis of flow in pipe networks based on FORTRAN and Visual BASIC (VB) programming languages. HARDY CROSS1 (FORTRAN-based) and PNET Expert (VB-based) are proposed. They differ only...

Author(s): Salihu Lukman, Abubakar Ismail, Abusufyan Ibrahim and Badruddeen Sani Saulawa

August 2012

Water-supply augmentation options in water-scarce countries

Growing demand for water resources due to increased population and improved living standards, have prompted public agencies and others in the Fertile Crescent (FC), a semi-arid region, to seek better ways to manage water. This paper discusses water supply-augmentation options (e.g., desalination, water importing, wastewater treatment, recycling, water conservation, reducing evapotranspiration and storage) to alleviate...

Author(s): Tala Qtaishat

August 2012

Assessment of atmospheric moisture using hygroscopic salts in dry-and-wet climate of Nigeria

Atmospheric moisture content plays an important role in climate changes studies. Atmospheric moisture content was determined using four different hygroscopic salts, viz Sodium chloride (NaCl), Potassium chloride (KCl), Zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) and Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salts and hygrometer. Evaluation of different hygroscopic salts for the determination of humidity was based on the ability of the salts to absorb...

Author(s): A. O. Eruola, G. C. Ufoegbune, A. A. Amori and I. O. Ogunyemi

August 2012

Ecofriendly management of mixed coconut oil cake waste for lipase production by marine Streptomyces indiaensis and utilization as detergent additive

The utilization of agro waste for the production of lipase enzyme was one of the ecofriendly methods for the management of waste. From 34 actinomycetes strains screened from sediments of Tiruchendhur coastal areas of Tamil Nadu, India, 26 strains exhibited lipase activity. The marine actinomycete strain MAC 7 was used for the production of extracellular lipase by using mixed coconut oil cake waste as substrate. The...

Author(s): B. Sathya Priya, T. Stalin and K. Selvam